高考英语阅读理解抓分精品练习（46）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解抓分精品练习（46）及答案friday, dec5, 2008college students who think all-night study sessions will help them remember facts might want to get some sleep insteadthats the message from a new study that finds that as you sleep, the mind consolidates the things you learn during the daystudy participants who learned how to play a video game in the morning or evening did a better job the next day after a nights rest, apparently because their brains were actively absorbing what theyd learned as they sleptthe finding shows that sleep is not just a passive state when no information is coming in, said howard nusbaum, a professor of psychology at the university of chicagofor the study, the researchers recruited 200 college studentsmost of them werent very familiar with playing video gamessome of the participants learned how to play the games in the morning, while others learned in the eveningthe researchers then tested the subjects on the video games 12 hours later and 24 hours laterthose who took part in the morning training sessions showed an average eight-percentage-point improvement in their performance immediately after trainingthey performed more poorlyscoring four percentage points better12 hours laterbut they scored 10 percentage points better the next morningif we train you in the morning and come back at the end of the day, you forget some of what you learned, nusbaum saidbut if you sleep after that, it restores some of what you learned the students who took part in the evening training sessions performed better the next morning after sleeping, than they did after being trainedthe role that dreams play in the learning processif anyisnt clearbut some dreams could serve as a kind of practice for the brain, nusbaum saidif you play a video game a lot, and youre playing in your dreams, maybe that could help you learnjerry siegel, professor at the center for sleep research at the university of calfornia, los angeles, said going without sleep hurts performance, but hes not convinced that sleep itself actively contributes to learningif you take a break for a few hours, it can easily be shown that learning did occur, because performance is better at the start of a new learning session than it was at the end of the initial session, he saidno sleep needs to occur for this to happen still, siegel suggested that sleep before learning a skill is crucialfor long-term retention, it is more important to be well rested and therefore attentive when you are doing the learning than afterwards, he saidit is even better if you dont have to choose and get your natural amounts of sleep every day 9what does the underlined word want （in paragraph 1） mean? alackbwish cdesiredneed 10what is mainly talked about in this text? athe effect of video games on learningbthe relation between sleep and learningcthe role of dreams in the learning processdthe difference between morning and evening trainings11what would be the best title for the text? asleep strengthens learningbdreams clearly help learningca break before learning is betterdvideo games improve performance12which of the following statements is true according to the passage? atraining in the morning showed better results at onceblearning wont occur during sleeping without dreamscsleeping well helps to absorb what one learneddstudying all night helps to remember more facts参考答案9-12 dbac c52013广东卷 cone day, when i was working as a psychologist in england，an adolescent boy showed up in my office. it was david. he kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly. his head teacher had referred him to me. “this boy has lost his family，” he wrote. “he is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others, and im very worried about him. can you help？” i looked at david and showed him to a chair. how could i help him? there are problems psychology doesnt have the answer to, and which no words can describe. sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically. the first two times we met, david didnt say a word. he sat there, only looking up to look at the childrens drawings on the wall behind me. i suggested we play a game of chess. he nodded. after that he played chess with me every wednesday afternoonin complete silence and without looking at me. its not easy to cheat in chess, but i admit i made sure david won once or twice. usually, he arrived earlier than agreed, took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before i even got a chance to sit down. it seemed as if he enjoyed my company. but why did he never look at me? “perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with，” i thought. “perhaps he senses that i respect his suffering.”some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly. “its your turn，” he said. after that day, david started talking. he got friends in school and joined a bicycle club. he wrote to me a few times, about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university. now he had really started to live his own life. maybe i gave david something. but i also learned that onewithout any wordscan reach out to another person. all it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens.36when he first met the author, david _ a. felt a little excitedb. walked energeticallyc. looked a little nervousd. showed up with his teacher37as a psychologist, the author _a. was ready to listen to davidb. was skeptical about psychologyc. was able to describe davids problemd. was sure of handling davids problem38david enjoyed being with the author because he_awanted to ask the author for advicebneeded to share sorrow with the author cliked the childrens drawings in the officedbeat the author many times in the chess game39what can be inferred about david?ahe recovered after months of treatment.bhe liked biking before he lost his family.che went into university soon after starting to talk.dhe got friends in school before he met the author. 40what made david change?ahis teachers help.bthe authors friendship.chis exchange of letters with the author.dthe authors silent communication with him.【要点综述】 对于一个自闭的孩子，心理医生最好的疗法或许就是默默地和他一块感受他的痛苦36c 细节理解题。由第一段的“and his hands shaking slightly.”可以看出，第一次见面时david有点紧张。37a细节理解题。由第二段的“sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically.”可以看出，他已准备好了聆听。38b细节理解题。在第五段中，作者对小男孩愿意来找他的原因进行了猜测：“perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with，” i thought.“perhaps he senses that i respect his suffering.”由此可知答案。39a推理判断题。经过作者的治疗，david已经恢复了正常：started talking, got friends in school and joined a bicycle club，同时给作者写信描述了自己目前的生活以及对将来生活的打算。由此可知答案。40d细节理解题。由文章可知，是作者的正确治疗方法，才使david恢复得那么好。他的方法就是：is to listen openly and sympathetically，具体的做法就是默默地和他下棋。 an analysis of studies in 40 countries around the globe proves a long-standing assumption that the more a person knows about science, the more he or she tends to support scientific effortsin fact, studies that have tested the link between a persons level of scientific knowledge and attitudes towards the field have generated mixed resultsits been a very hard question, says sociologist nick allum of the university of surrey in guildford, ukto resolve the issue, allum and his colleagues pulled together the results of nearly 200 surveys carried out between 1998 and 2003 in countries from australia to bulgariathese studies assessed, for example, whether participants knew certain scientific facts and whether they supported developments in genetically modified food or nanotechnologyto some extent, the results prove the belief widely held by science supporters: the more people know about science, the more favourably they tend to view it, in spite of other factors such as age, nationality and level of educationallum presented his results at the meeting of the american association for the advancement of science in washington dc last weekbut now this question is cleared up, researchers must begin to deal with more pressing questions, allum saysthe argument should move onhis finding cannot, for example, show whether better science education will increase general support for the fieldthis is because researchers have yet to figure out whether people who learn more about science then tend to like it or, on the contrary, whether people who already like and support science are simply tend to learn further factsand a persons level of scientific knowledge actually goes a very tiny way towards explaining their attitudes towards scienceallum believes that there are probably far more important factors, such as their moral values, religious beliefs and political leaningand peoples trust in science may be influenced by how tightly regulated they believe the process to be in their countrythis might explain, in part, why those living in different countries tend to hold different attitudes: europeans tend to be more doubtful of genetically modified crops than those in the united states, for examplefinally, science lovers hope to strengthen support for the field, but it looks as if simple science education will not be enoughas allum says: its all horribly complicated13in allums opinion, _ will have little influence on a persons attitude towards scienceascientific knowledgebmoral valuescreligious beliefsdpolitical leaning14from the passage we can infer that _ athe surveys were carried out in a few countriesbeuropeans love science more than americans callum kept his research results a secretdnick allum is not a natural scientist15the underlined word those refers to _ascience loversbdifferent attitudes cpeople in generaldgenetically modified crops16what is mainly talked about in this passage? aspecial beliefs of the sociologist nick allumblink between knowledge and love of sciencecways in which people love sciencedthe function of science education 参考答案13-16 adcb c52013广东卷 dwhile jennifer was at home taking an online exam for her business law class, a monitor(监控器)a few hundred miles away was watching her every move.using a web camera equipped in jennifers los angeles apartment, the monitor in phoenix tracked how frequently her eyes moved from the computer screen and listened for the secret sounds of a possible helper in the room. her internet access was lockedremotelyto prevent internet searches, and her typing style was analyzed to make sure she was who she said she was: did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past? or was she slowing down?in the battle against cheating, this is the cutting_edge and a key to encourage honesty in the booming field of online education. the technology gives trust to the entire system, to the institution and to online education in general. only with solid measures against cheating, experts say, can internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are validthat students havent just searched the internet to get the right answers. although online classes have existed for more than a decade，the concern over cheating has become sharper in the last year with the growth of “open online courses.” private colleges，public universities and corporations are jumping into the online education field, spending millions of dollars to attract potential students，while also taking steps to help guarantee honesty at a distance.aside from the web cameras, a number of other hightech methods are becoming increasingly popular. among them are programs that check students identities using personal information，such as the telephone numbers they once used. other programs can produce unique exams by drawing on a large list of questions and can recognize possible cheaters by analyzing whether difficult test questions are answered at the same speed as easy ones. as in many university classes，term papers are scanned against some large internet data banks for cheating.41why was jennifer watched in an online exam?ato correct her typing mistakes.bto find her secrets in the room.cto prevent her from slowing down.dto keep her from dishonest behaviors.42the underlined expression cutting edge in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _aadvanced techniquebsharpening tool ceffective ruleddividing line 43for internet universities, exams and diplomas will be valid if _athey can attract potential studentsbthey can defeat academic cheatingcthey offer students online helpdthey offer many online courses44some programs can find out possible cheaters by _achecking the question answering speed bproducing a large number of questions cscanning the internet test questions dgiving difficult test questions45which of the following is the best title of this passage?athe advantages of online examsbthe hightech methods in online coursescthe fight against cheating in online educationdthe war against the booming of online education【要点综述】 开放网络教学为人们的知识升级打开了便捷之门，如何保证其教育和学习的质量，防止考试时作弊，现在科技手段在发挥着重要的作用41d推理判断题。第二段告诉我们监控的目的：“her internet access was lockedremotelyto prevent internet searches, and her typing style was analyzed to make sure she was who she said she was: did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past？”这些措施都是为了监督其考试中不发生不诚实的行为。该题也可结合常识确定答案。42a 词义理解题。从上文的描述及下文的“a key”，“the technology”可以看出，这是一个先进的技术，是确保网络考试真实的关键。43b 细节理解题。关键信息：valid。由第三段的“internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are valid that students havent just searched the internet to get the right answers.”可知答案。破折号后的内容指的就是选项中所说的：defeat academic cheating。44a 细节理解题。由最后一段的“by analyzing whether difficult test questions are answered at the same speed as easy ones.”可以看出一些软件是通过设置部分难题，通过对答题速度的检测来判断考试者是否在作弊。45c主旨大意题。文章论述的是为了提高开放网络教学的可信度所使用的高科技监考手段，由此可知c项最能概括全文。streamwood, illfor years, attendance was small at tefft middle schools yearly parent-teacher conferences, but the principal did not blame families for their poor responseinstead, she blamed the poor way the conferences were conducted“five years ago, the most important personthe studentwas left out of the parent-teacher conference,” teffts principal, lavonne smiley, said“the old conferences were such a negative thing, so we turned it around,” allowing students not only to attend but also to lead the gatherings instead of anxiously awaiting their parents return home with the teachers opinion on their classroom performancerecently, 525 parents attended parent-teacher-student conferences, mssmiley said, compared with 75 parents in 2003no appointments were needed, and everyone was welcome at the conferences this year, spread over two days that school officials called a celebration of learning“i think were learning that every school has its own dna, and there is not a prescription for conferences that works for every school,” mskinney said“there is such an increasingly diverse population at our nations schools, the one-size-fits-all model conference just doesnt work anymore” at some schools, not only are students on hand for conferences, but their siblings are also welcome, as are grandparents, aunts and uncles, even family friendswhen mark heller accepted a job as an assistant principal at the middle school in his hometown of plano, ill, he discovered that the community had changed a lot in the eight years he had been a teacher in iowathe population had nearly doubled to 10,000 residents, and 37 percent of the students at plano middle school were now from low-income familiesthe traditional parent-