高考英语阅读理解抓分训练（11） 外研版.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解抓分训练（11）及答案 beijing, april 2-starting from this year, the beijing municipal health bureau will begin to promote a home medical service. with this service a medical team which is made up of a doctor, a nurse and a medical health worker will be sent to some communities in the city. they will set up a medical filing recorder for every resident in community and publicize their contact information to them. if people in the community feel sick, they can consult their community doctor first. if community doctors cannot treat their illness, they will then be transferred to large hospitals. liang wan, deputy director of the beijing municipal health bureau, made the statement last friday . in addition ,the beijing municipal health bureau will set up some funds to train home medical service workers for families whose members suffer either from high blood pressure, diabetes,cerebral apoplexy , or coronary heart disease . the home medical service workers will remind patients to take pills on time and lead the patients to follow some health tips in their daily life. they will also learn some practical knowledge to save patients in case of an emergency .the work will first begin in the medical service room in the 25 community centers and spread to all communities in beijing. the disease prevention and control centers at various counties and districts in beijing will be responsible for teaching community doctors and giving home medical service lectures, or advice . these workers will not be able to work until they pass related examination and obtain the work certificates. it is expected that by the end of this year, there will be 10000 home medical service workers in beijing .26. where does a person go to see first if he gets sick according to the passage ?a. the community clinics. b. large hospital .c. private clinic . d. small hospital .【答案】a 【解析】细节理解题。根据if people in the community feel sick, they can consult their community doctor first.如果有人病了首先去社区诊所看病，故选a。27. which of the following is not true according to the passage?a.the medical team which is made up of a doctor, a nurse and a medical health worker will set up a medical filing record for every resident. b. the home medical service workers not only give some healthy suggestions to the patients, but also learn practical knowledge about first aid.c. some funds will be provided by beijing municipal health bureau for home medical service training.d. the government aims to offer the home medical service for free.【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。根据选项abc短文中都已经提到，短文中没有提到政府是无偿地提供家庭医疗服务，故选d。 28. if you want to work as a home medical worker, you need to _.a. receive the training about medical service.b. pass related examinations.c. obtain the work certificates. d. all the above.【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。根据train home medical service workers for families 及these workers will not be able to work until they pass related examination and obtain the work certificates.首先参加专门的培训，然后通过考试获得工作资格证书，故选d。29. what can we learn from the passage?a. all communities in beijing have started home medical service.b. people in beijing will not easily get ill.c. medical service in beijing will be promoted greatly in the future.d. the other cities in china should learn from beijing.【答案】c【解析】推理判断题。根据it is expected that by the end of this year, there will be 10000 home medical service workers in beijing .在北京的医疗服务将在未来会逐步推广，故选c。30. the main purpose of the passage is _a. to introduce community service in beijing.b. to report home medical service available in beijing.c. to provide some efficient treatments for diseases in community.d. to describe a special medical team in beijing.【答案】b【解析】作者意图题。根据短文的大意可知报道了北京的家庭医学服务，故选b。 tropical fish hobbyists will tell you their tanks are a source of oelaxation，but recent research suggests the fish might disagree many american households contain a fish tank，whose average size is less than 10 gallonsyet a study comparing the behavior of common freshwater fish found that those kept in such small tanks were more aggressive than those in larger ones more likely to fight. “if people kept dogs in these conditions，theyd be put in prison,” said the author, ronald oldfield“in larger tanks，the fish were not in continuous eyesight of each otherthey were swimming around，checking everything out rather than beating each other，”he added“its something we should think about” the study consisted of two experimentsin one，droldfield tested the effects of overcrowdlng by keeping tank size constant(不变)while increasing the number of fishin the other,he tested environment by placing three fish in tanks of different sizes he then recorded their behavior at least two hours after feeding，to eliminate(排除)competitive behaviors related to food. while aggression seemed to remain constant regardless of the number of fish in a tank, it dropped off considerably once the fish were placed in a l00-gallon tank with several plants and rocks to form shelters the findings confirmed what he found when observing midas in the wild“if vou go out and observe these fish swimming in a river，”he said，“theyre not aggressive at all。really”this conclusion is not news to justin muir，the owner of a fish tank business “more volume of water is always betterit keeps the fish healthier，and the tank is more stable”5we can conclude from the study that athe fish in small rivers are more likely to fight than those in larger ones bif you keep fish in tanks of less than 10 gallons，youll be put into prison cpeople havent paid enough attention to the feeling of fish in smaller tanks dthe fish in the wild are more aggressive than those kept in tanks6how was the first experiment performed? aby putting more and more fish in the same tank bby putting fish in tanks of different sizes cby putting some food to test the behavior of fish dby putting fish in a tank with plants and rocks7the two experiments prove that afood competition results in the aggressive behavior of fish bfish become more aggressive as more fish are put into a tank ccrowding is the main cause of the aggressive behavior of fish dfish become less aggressive when placed in a 100-gallon tank8the best title for this passage might be aanimalsright to live at ease bpicture of relaxation only if youre not inside chow to keep tropical fish as pets dhow to deal with fishs aggressive behavior58、cadb women who beat the boys! margaret murdock-shooting seana hogan-cycling margaret murdocks father was a kansas state rifle(步枪)champion，so both she and her sister took up the sportwhen murdock attended kansas state in the early 1960s，by competing on the mens rifle team，she won her varsity letter，an award earned in the united states for excellence in school activities in l976 she became the first woman to represent the uson its olympic shooting teamat the end of the small-bore three position competition，murdock was tied with lanny bassham，the team captainbassham requested a tie-breaking shoot-off，but olympic rules forbade it；instead，bassham was awarded the gold medal because he had scored three“100s”to murdocks two during the medal ceremony，ianny pulled margaret up from the silver pedestal(台)to stand with him during the national anthem to indicate that she deserved the sold as nnch as he. to real cyclists，100-mile events are kid stuffthey consider events like the race across america(raam)a 2,950 mile crosscountry rideto be a real competition seana hogan of san jose，california，has won the female division of raam an amazing six times，and her finish times in each case usually placed her in the top 15 finishers overall cycling in this event requires about 20 hours of continuous pedaling per day，up hills(a combined total of about 82,000 feet of climbing)，down valleys and in all weather hogan holds the record for the san francisco to los angeles race(beating even the best mens time)and was the overall winner of the 1995 furnace creek 508，which runs from valencia through death valley to twentynine palms9the underlined phrasewas “tied with”means“ ” awas busv with bwas fastened to chad the same score with dwas left behind 10bassham was awarded the gold medal because ahe beat murdock in the tie-breaking shoot-off bmurdock was forbidden to attend the competition cthe competition was one for men only dhe scored one more“100s”than murdock 11seana hogan succeeded in the following events except a100-mile events braam six timescthe san francisco to los angeles race dthe 1995 furnace creek 508911、cda the most widespread fallacy（谬论）of all is that colds are caused by cold. they are not. they are caused by viruses passing on from person to person. you catch a cold by coming into contact, directly or indirectly, with someone who already has one. if cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the eskimos to suffer from them forever. but they do not. and in isolated arctic regions explorers have reported people are free from colds until they come into contact again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mails dropped from airplanes. during the first world war soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches（战壕）, cold and wet, showed no increased tendency to catch colds. in the second world war prisoners at the auschwitz concentration camp, naked and starving, were astonished to find that they seldom had colds. at the common cold research unit in england, volunteers took part in experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long stretches of time. after taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be with cold water, and then stood about dripping wet in a drafty（通风良好的）room. some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion. not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.if, then, cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds, why are they more frequent in the winter？despite the most pains-taking research, no one has yet found the answer. one explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on. 31. the writer offered _ examples to support his argument. a. 4 b. 5 c. 6 d. 7【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。根据根据由第 2 段的两个例子、第 3 段的 1 个例子和第 4 段的两个例子可知 b 为正确选项。32. which of the following is true according to the passage? a. the eskimos suffer from colds from time to time. b. colds are not always caused by cold. c. people suffer from colds just because they like to stay indoors.d. a person may catch a cold by touching someone who already has one.【答案】d 【解析】细节理解题。根据根据 one explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times， and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on 可知人们得感冒不是因为喜欢呆在家里，而是因为经常呆在一起病毒更容易感染，故选 d。33. arctic explorers may catch colds when they are _.a. working in the isolated arctic regionsb. writing reports in terribly cold weatherc. free from work in the isolated arctic regionsd. coming into touch again with the outside world【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。根据and in isolated arctic regions explorers have reported being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes 可知北极地区探险者是因为与外界接触后才得感冒的，故选 d。34. volunteers taking part in the experiments in the common cold research unit _.a. suffered a lot b. never caught coldsc. often caught colds d. became very strong【答案】a【解析】细节理解题。根据after taking hot baths， they put on bathing suits， allowed themselves to be with cold water， and then stood about dripping wet in drafty room. some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion 可知志愿者要遭受极大的痛苦，故选a。35. the passage mainly discusses _.a. the experiments on the common cold b. the fallacy about the common coldc. the reason and the way people catch colds d. the continued spread of common colds【答案】c【解析】主旨大意题。根据阅读全文可知本文首先用大量事例从不同的侧面分析感冒不是由寒冷引起的，最后提出冬天得感冒的可能原因。由此可知 c 为正确答案。 chris willis，47，tipped the scales at 27st(约172公斤)following a lifetime of fry-ups， takeaways and pork piesthe painter and decorator had to take long pauses just to climb the stairs or walk a few yardsbut overweight chris turned to dieting when realizing he was too fat to play with his ten-year-old daughter，sophie，who had a passion for running the determined dad cut out all the fatty foods and began exercisinghe now weighs 16st(约105公斤)after losing 15st every month since julychris，living in cambridgeshire with his wife jackie，a coach driver，said，“the hardest thing was seeing my girl in the garden and not being able to join in because i was so unhealthybut now im making up for lost time-we do so much together an