高考英语阅读理解精英系列训练题（17）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解精英系列训练题（17）及答案【河北省易县第二高级中学2013三模】c it happened to me recently that i was telling someone how much i had enjoyed reading barack obamas dreams from my father and how it had changed my views of the current us president. the person i was talking to agreed with me that it was, in his words,“a wonderfully written book.” however, he then proceeded to talk about mr. obama in a way that suggested he had no idea of his background at all. i sensed that i was talking to a book liarand it seems that he is not the only one. clearly two thirds of people have lied about reading a book which they havent. in the world book day survey, dreams from my father is at number 9. the survey lists top ten books, and various authors, which people have lied about reading. as im not one to lie too often, ill admit here and now that i havent read the entire ten books. but i am pleased to say that i have read the book at number one, george orwells 1984. i think its absolutely outstandingasked why they lied, the most common reason was to impress someone they were speaking to. this could be difficult if the conversation became more in-depth!the world book day survey also has some other interesting information in it. it shows that many people lie about having read classical works by jane austen, the bronte sisters, charles dickens and so on. but when asked which authors they actually enjoy, they named jk rowling, jilly cooper, and stephen king. forty-one percent of people asked admitted they turned to the back of the book to read the end before finishing the storyso which books have you lied about reading if any and which is your favorite?64.the main reason why people lie about reading is to _. a. make fun of the listener b. impress the listenerc. please the listener d. interest the listener65.the underlined word“proceeded”in the passage probably means“_”.a. wanted b. happened c. continued d. stopped66.what is the best title for the passage?a. are you a book liar? b. readers are all liarsc. world book day d. dreams from my father【参考答案】64.b. 65.c. 66.a. c 科普说明文：african elephant 有两个不同的种类66. fossils 定位，找到第三段第一句，有两种fossils，mam和mas，选项d67. 文中divergence of the two species指代前文the ase and the afe have been distinct species, divergence与distinct同义替换，对应选项c68. conclusion, based on定位，找到倒数第二段最后一句lay in 与based on 同义替换，答案：a69. ar定位，找到倒数第一段，从ar的话中，第一句for conservation purpose, 最后一句for conservation purpose确定a70.文章首句点明全文主旨，答案：c4.（2011江西卷）dwhy should mankind explore space? why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits? why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on earth? these are questions that, understandably, are very often asked. perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup(基因构成) as human beings. what drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? the wider the spread of a species, the better its chance of survival. perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.nearly every successful civilization has explored, because by doing so, any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for. without knowledge, we may be completely destroyed by the danger. with knowledge, we can lessen its effects. exploration also allows minerals and other potential (潜在的) resources to be found. even if we have no immediate need of them, they will perhaps be useful later. resources may be more than physical possessions. knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration. the techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. we have already benefited from other spin-offs including improvements in earthquake prediction, in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems. even non-stick pans and mirrored sunglasses are by-products (副产品) of technological developments in the space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist.while many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows creative, brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us. while space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers. the danger exists, but knowledge can help human being to survive. without the ability to reach out across space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist.while earth is the only planet known to support life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets. it is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future.71. why does the author mention the questions in paragraph1?a. to express his doubts.b. to compare different ideas.c. to introduce points for discussion.d. to describe the conditions on earth.72. what is the reason for exploring space based on paragraph2?a. humans are nature-born to do so.b. humans have the tendency to fight.c. humans may find new sources of food.d. humans dont like to stay in the same place.73. the underlined word“spin-offs” in paragraph 4 probably refers to_.a. survival chancesb. potential resourcesc. unexpected benefitsd. physical possessions74. what makes it possible for humans to live on other planets?a. our genetic makeup.b. resources on the earth.c. the adaptive ability of humans. d. by-products in space exploration.75. which of the statements can best sum un the passage?a. space exploration has created many wonders.b. space exploration provided the best value for money.c. space exploration may help us avoid potential problems on earth. 解析：71. 推理判断题。答案选c。文章是典型的议论说明文，是提出问题，分析问题的套路。第一段通过提出一系列关于太空探索利弊的问题引发讨论。并不是真的有这些怀疑，也没有鲜明的正反观点，所以ab不对。d偏差较远。72. 主旨题。答案选a。第二段是典型的总分总结构，主旨句在段首段尾。perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup as human beings. 主要原因在于人类基因。perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible. 而b选项错在fight这个词。cd没提及。73. 词义猜测题。选c。根据spin off 前面的we have already benefited from other spin off 关键词 benefit，受益。而spin off后面的including 说的全是获得的利益，如improvements in earthquake prediction. 地震预测的进步等等，而不是什么生存机会，或者潜在资源。所以选c。74. 细节题。答案选c。按照问题顺序一致原则，答案应当出现在最后两段。在最后一段的首句我们找到了一个极端词用以定位。while earth is the only planet known to support life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets.直接由翻译可知，人类的适应能力使我们在其他星球的居住成为可能。75. 推理判断题。选d。除去前两段引入，第三段主旨句（首句）的意思是每个文明都会探索周围文明以减低危险，第四段主旨句（首句）说的是探索使得我们能够发现潜在能源。第五段主旨句（首句）说的是探索使得很多人发现解决问题的有用资源。总的来说，就可归结为，太空探索可以帮助我们很多，避免很多问题。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。ahow often do you travel by plane?how much electricity do you use? these days everyone is worried about the size of their carbon footprint. in order to reduce global warming we need to make our carbon footprints smaller. but how much co2 are we responsible for?a new book by mike berners lee (a leading expert in carbon footprint) might be able to help. how bad are bananas? the carbon footprint of everything looks at the different things we do and buy, and calculates the amount of co2 all of the following created: the ingredients, the electricity used in the brewery, the equipment, the travel and commuting of the beer, and the packaging. its amazing how many different things need to be included in each calculation. and its frightening how much carbon dioxide everything produces.but all of this can help us decide which beer to drink. from berners-lees calculations, its clear that a pint (568ml) of locally-brewed beer has a smaller carbon footprint than a bottle of imported beer. this is because the imported beer has been transported from far away, and it uses more packaging. the local beer only produces 300g of co2, but the imported beer produces 900g! so, one pint of local beer is better for the environment than three cans of cheap foreign lager from the supermarket.berners-lee has even calculated the carbon footprint of cycling to work. nothing is more environmentally-friendly than riding a bike, surely? well, it depends on what youve had to eat before. to ride a bike we need energy and for energy we need food. so if we eat a banana and then ride a kilometer and a half, our footprint is 65g of co2. however, if we eat bacon before the bike ride, its 200g. in fact, bananas are good in general because they dont need packaging, they can be transported by boat and they grow in natural sunlight.so, does this mean that cycling is bad for the environment? absolutely not, for a start, if you cycle, you dont use your car, and the fewer cars on the road, the fewer traffic jams. and cars in traffic jams produce three times more co2 than cars traveling at speed. cycling also makes you healthy and less likely to go to a hospital. and hospitals have very big carbon footprints!so maybe its time for us all to start making some changes. pass me a banana and a pint of local beer, please.1. according to berners-lee, which of the following produces the most carbon dioxide？a. a pint of local beer we drink.b. a pint of imported beer we drink.c. a banana we eat before a bike ride.d. the bacon we eat before a bike ride.2. why are bananas good in general?a. they grow naturally.b. they produces less co2.c. they dont need packaging.d. they provide energy for cycling.3. the underlined word “brewery” in paragraph 3 most probably means “_”.a. a factory where beer is madeb. a machine which makes beerc. a container where beer is storedd. one of the things from which beer is made4. to make our carbon footprints smaller, we should often _.a. cycle to workb. drink more local beerc. calculate the amount of co2d. buy cheap things from the supermarkets5. whats the most suitable title for the passage?a. bikes, beer and bananasb. starting to make changesc. how big is your carbon footprint?d. the carbon footprint of everything参考答案 bbaac 【河北省易县第二高级中学2013三模】di have always wondered at the passion many people have to meet the celebrated(名人). the prestige(名声）you acquire by being able to tell your friends that you know famous men proves only that you are yourself of small account. the celebrated develop a technique to deal with the persons they come across. they show the world a mask, often an impressive one, but take care to conceal their real selves. they play the part that is expected from them, and with practice learn to play it very well, but you are stupid if you think that this public performance of theirs corresponds with the man within.i have been attached, deeply attached, to a few people; but i have been interested in men in general not for their own sakes, but for the sake of my work. i have not regarded each man as an end in himself, but as material that might be useful to me as a writer. i have been more concerned with the obscure (无名小卒）than with the famous. they are more often themselves. they have had no need to create a figure to protect themselves from the world or to impress it. their idiosyncrasies (特质）have had more chance to develop in the limited circle of their activity, and since they have never been in the public eye it has never occurred to them that they have anything to conceal. they display their strangeness because it has never struck them that they are strange. and after all it is with the common run of men that we writers have to deal; kings, presidents, commercial leaders are from our point of view very unsatisfactory. to write about them is a venture that has often attracted writers, but the failure that has attended their efforts shows that such beings are too special to form a proper ground for a work of art. they cannot be made real. the ordinary is the writers richer field. its unexpectedness, its miracle, its endless variety afford unending material. the great man is too often all of