高考英语阅读理解抓分练习（6）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解抓分练习（6）及答案阅读理解 whoever named the bird turkey a word that english speakers began mentioning as long ago as 1541 made a big mistake. although that bird came from guinea（几内亚）in africa, the english apparently first imported it from turkish merchants. so, naturally, they called it a turkey. when english speakers established their first colony in jamestown, virginia, in 1607, they thought they saw turkeys there too. “we found an island, on which there were many turkeys,” wrote one. these birds were not from turkey and were not related to the guinean fowl（家禽）of africa. but turkeys they were called, and turkeys they remain.much of what we know about the jamestown colony was written by captain john smith, whose efforts preserved the colony from collapse（垮掉）and who in turn was preserved by the indian “princess” pocahontas. smiths accounts of the colony frequently mention turkeys as food, gifts, and objects of trade. in 1607, smith wrote, to celebrate the first peace after the first armed fight, the indians brought turkeys, bread and what they had, singing and dancing in celebration of friendship till they departed. elsewhere smith noted that the indians made warm and beautiful cloaks（披风）from turkey feathers. further north, as the plymouth colony neared the end of its first year in 1621, governor william bradford also observed a great flock of wild turkeys, of which they took many. undoubtedly, turkeys were among the fowls served at the first thanksgiving dinner.despite those significant beginnings and benjamin franklins lobbying（游说）, the turkey lost to the bald eagle in the contest for american bird. and it is a loser in modern english slang, too. since the 1920s, turkey has been a term for a play or movie that is a failure, and since the 1950s for a person who is not fit for his job. but though the turkey never succeeded in becoming the american symbol, it did become the american feast. thanksgiving is turkey day, and the turkey has come into our language more than other birds. we never “talk eagle”, we “talk turkey” when we speak frankly.63. who named the bird turkey?a. english speakers. b. turkish merchants.c. captain john smith. d. guineans.【答案】a【解析】从第一段的第二句话although that bird came from guinea（几内亚）in africa, the english apparently first imported it from turkish merchants. so, naturally, they called it a turkey. 得知虽然这种鸟原产地是几内亚，但是是英国人从turkish商人那里买的，很自然的，英国人就称这种鸟turkey.【考点定位】考察的是细节理解题64. it can be inferred from the second paragraph that _. a. turkeys were brought to jamestown by smith b. the indians fought with captain smith for turkeys c. turkeys were served at the first thanksgiving dinnerd. captain john smith wrote a book named jamestown colony65. when we say somebody is a turkey, it means _. a. he is very angry b. he has no ability to do his jobc. he likes eating turkeys d. he speaks frankly66. which of the following statements is true according to the passage? a. the turkey was beaten in a fight by the bald eagle. b. turkeys were introduced to america from guinea. c. the turkey has become american food because it was beaten.d. turkey has become a term of failure in modern english slang.many famous painters worked in antwerp during the citys period of greatest power but peter paul rubens is undoubtedly the most famous one of them. known as rubens house, the palace-like residence(大宅) and studio where rubens worked and lived from 1616 until his death in 1640 is now one of antwerps most visited museums.almost all of the works rubens and his students created in the rubens house have been dispersed (分散) over major museums across the whole world, but there is still an impressive collection well worth the visit. besides paintings form the master himself you will find other works of art and furniture of the 17th century as well as paintings from his students, including works by jacob jordaens and anthony van dyck.the rubens house was not only a studio but also a meeting place for the rich and famous. his clients(委托人) included wealthy merchants, diplomats, and there were also many noblemen who often visited his studio to see how work progressed. the rubens house even had a special viewing area which allowed visitors to see the artists at work.ruben bought the house at the beginning of the 17th century after his eight-year-long stay in italy. influenced by italian architecture, he rebuilt the building into an italian-styled palace with a beautiful garden and moved in the house in1616.after his death the building was sold. new owners modified the building greatly and by 1937, when the building was purchased by the city of antwerp, it hardly resembled the original structure.the impressive entrance hall, which connected the studio and the residence, is one of the few parts that survived. other parts have been carefully restored and reconstructed after original plans and paintings of the house.21 as a museum, the rubens house is popular because _.a. it lies in the famous city of antwerpb. it holds all the works by rubens and his studentsc. there are many people who enjoy visiting itd. rubens, a great artist, lived and worked there22 we can learn from the third paragraph that _. a. the rubens house was popular with upper-class peopleb. the rubens house was the best studio in its timec. rubenss students included noblemen and diplomatsd. people were not allowed to view the artists working23 what can be inferred from the text?a. thanks to its great painters, antwerp became a rich city.b. ruben possibly showed strong interest in italian buildings.c. antwerp must be a historical city in italy.d. the rubens house was completely rebuilt before 1937.24 which of the following is true, according to the text?a. rubens created his works by working with his students.b. a beautiful garden was added to the rubens house by new owners.c. the rubens house is decorated with furniture of the 17th century.d. todays rubens house looks like its original structure. 参考答案 7275 dabd“the first and best of victories is for a man to conquer himself; to be conquered by himself is, of all things, the most shameful,” says platoself-control is at the root of all the advantageslet a man give in to his impulses （冲动） and feelings, and from that moment he gives up his moral freedoma single angry word has lost many a friendwhen socrates found in himself any temper or anger, he would check it by speaking low in order to control himselfif you are conscious of being angry, keep your mouth shut so that you can hold back rising angermany a person has dropped dead in great angerfits of anger bring fits of disease“whom the gods would destroy they first make mad” “keep cool”, says george herbert, “for fierceness makes error a fault” to be angry with a weak man is to prove that you are not strong yourself“anger,” says pythagoras, “brings with folly（愚蠢） and ends with regret” you must measure the strength of a man by the power of the feelings he conquers, not by the power of those which conquer himself-control is mans last greatest victoryif a man lacks self-control he seems to lack everythingwithout it he can have no patience, no power to govern himself; he can have no self-confidence, for he will always be controlled by his strongest feelingif he lacks self-control, the very backbone and nerve of character are lacking also64what does the reader learn from the first paragraph? athe greatest victory for a man is to conquer everything except himselfbones moral freedom is based on the control of himselfcto control oneself is the most difficult in ones lifedif a person is too stubborn, he will feel most shameful65what does the underlined sentence “whom the gods would destroy they first make mad” mean ?aif the gods want to kill you, they make you crazy firstbif you are mad, you will be punished by the godscif you cannot control yourself, you will become crazydif you always lose your temper, you will soon be finished66if a man lacks self-control, he lacks all of the following except _athe very backbone and nerve of character bthe patience and power to control himselfcstrong feelingsdself-confidence67the authors main purpose in writing this article is to _aexplain that self-control is the key to successbteach people how to control everything in order to make a great successcdistinguish all kinds of self-control and suggest ways for keeping itdadvise people not to lose temper so as to make and keep more friends chinese writer mo yans nobel prize for literature might ignite an explosion of global interest in chinese literature and lead to more titles translated into english, european experts say.“hopefully, the award means more people will read chinese literature and more works will get translated,” says michel hockx, professor of the languages and cultures of china and inner asia from university of london. “many very good chinese writers have been accepted globally for a long time already. mo yan is probably the most translated chinese writer alive, with at least five of his novels made available in english over the past 20 years.”jonathan ruppin, web editor of bookseller foyles, says mos win coincides with growing interest in chinese literature and recognizes the talents of a distinctive and visionary（富于幻想的）writer. “we are very excited by the fact that english translations of more of his books should now become available,” ruppin says. he made the comment after mo became the first chinese citizen to win the nobel prize for literature in its century-long history.as east-west cultural exchange has been booming, chinese literature has been attracting growing attention in recent years. hockx explains, “its mainly because there are many more opportunities for chinese writers to visit other countries, to publish their works outside china and to interact with readers abroad. at the same time, more and more people globally are learning chinese and taking an interest in the chinese language and culture.”university of oxford lecturer in modern chinese literature margaret hillenbrand says, “the obvious reason for the growing global presence of chinese literature is the growing global presence of china itself. people have come to realize that there is a serious knowledge deficit （缺少）between china and its international counterparts in particular, china knows incomparably（无比地）more about europe and america than the other way round and reading chinese literature is an effective, simple means of solving that gap.”67. the underlined word “ignite” in paragraph 1 probably means “_”.a. start out b. burn up c. set off d. appeal to68. chinese literature has been attracting growing attention mainly because a. chinese writers have been writing more and more books in english b. the chinese language has become the most widely used language in the world c. the chinese government attaches great importance to literat