八年级英语下册 Module 9 Heroes重难点解析 外研版.doc

module 9 heroes重难点解析（unit 1）课文讲解unit 1 she missed the final practice so that kylie could play.课文详解(一)生词1avoid vto prevent sthbad from happening避免；防止 e.g. they built a wall to avoid soil being washed away 他们建了一堵墙防止土壤流失。2thought nsomething that you think of or remember想法 e.g. ive just had a thought(=an idea)我刚想到一个主意。3brave adjcourageous and ready to suffer danger or pain勇敢的；无畏的 e.g. the man was very brave. he jumped into the river and saved the boys life. 那人很勇敢，他跳进河中，救了男孩的命。4excuse(1) na reason，either true or invented，that you give toexplain or defend your behaviour借口；理由；辩解 e.g.late again!whats your excuse this time? 又迟到了!这次你有什么借口?you dont have to make excuses for her你不必为她辩解了。 (2)vto forgive sbfor sththat they have done，for examplenot being polite or making a small mistake原谅；宽恕 e.g.i hope youll excuse me for being so late我来得这么晚，希望你能原谅。(二)短语1be good at表示“擅长；精通”，at为介词，后接sth或doing sthe.g. my grandmother is good at six foreign languages我奶奶精通六种外语。 nick is always good at making friends尼克擅长交朋友。2so that意思是“为的是；以便于”。引导一个状语从句，表示目的。 e.g. she worked hard so that everything would be ready in time 她努力工作，为的是及时做好各项准备。3come up表示“出现，发生”。 e.g.im afraid something urgent has come up恐怕有紧急事情发生。her birthday is coming up soon她的生日即将来临。 4on ones own表示“独自，独立地”。 e.g.she lives on her own她一个人生活。he did it on his own这件事他独立完成了。拓展：by oneself表示“靠自己，独立地” e.g.he did it by himself这件事他自己做的。(三)同近义词辨析 expect，wait for，hope与look forward to expect表示“预料某事将会或很可能发生”。 e.g. im expecting him to arrive soon我料想他很快会到来。 expect还表示“期待某事发生”(已经有所约定)，多用于进行时。 e.g. we were expecting him to arrive yesterday我们一直盼望他昨天到达。 wait for也表示“等候，等待”，指等的动作，通常时间较短。 e.g. ill wait for you outside the hotel我将在旅馆外等你。 hope表示“希望某事发生”(没有约定，主观意愿)。 e.g. i hope you will have a good party祝你参加聚会愉快。 look forward to表示“怀着某种激动、兴奋的心情来期待、盼望”。 e.g. im looking forward to your reply我盼望你的回音。(四)交际用语 谈论心目中的英雄人物 -whos your hero? 谁是你心目中的英雄? -its jackie chan! 成龙! -why? 为什么? -because hes a great film stari think all his films are fantastic! 因为他是一位伟大的电影明星。我认为他所有的电影都是极好的! 生活中的英雄数不胜数，大英雄和小英雄；去世的英雄和健在的英雄；科技英雄、历史英雄、文化英雄、娱乐英雄以及大家常谈起的爱国英雄等等。谈论英雄人物，了解英雄事迹，从而培养我们爱英雄，学英雄，争做英雄的好品质，并激励我们发奋学习，做有用人才。(五)重难点句子分析1im looking forward to this!我期待着(听这首曲子)! 精讲：look forward to + 名词代词doing的意思是“盼望，期待”。 e.g. were really looking forward to our summer holiday 我们真心盼望着我们的暑假到来。2.so that kylie could play this piece of music on her own. 这样凯丽就可以独自演奏这首曲子了。 (1)句中so that表示“以便，为的是”。引导目的状语从句，常与may，can，will等连用；一般从句在后，从句前无逗号。 e.g. he put his glasses on so that he could read the notice. 他戴上他的眼镜为的是能读读这个通知。 i get up early every day so that i can catch the first bus 我每天都早早地起床，目的是赶上早班车。注意：so that结构中，有时省去that。 e.g. check carefully so(that)any mistake will be caught 仔细检查，好找出错来。 (2)on ones own表示“独立地；单独地；独自地”，在句中作状语。 e.g. shes been living on her own for twenty years 她独自生活已有20年了。module 9 heroes重难点解析（unit 2）unit 2 there were few doctors, so he had to work very hard.课文详解(一)生词1army na large organized group of soldiers who are trained to fight on land军队(尤指陆上作战军队) e.g. after leaving sch001，my brother went into the army 我哥哥从学校毕业后，参加了陆军。2canada na country in north america加拿大(国名，位于北美)e.g. canada is one of the developed countries加拿大是发达国家之一。 ottawa is the capital of canada渥太华是加拿大的首都。3canadian (1)na person from canada 加拿大人 (plcanadians) e.g. canadians speak english and french加拿大人说英语和法语。 (2)adjconnected with canada，its people，etc加拿大的；加拿大人的e.g.he is canadian他是加拿大人。4medical adjconcerning medicine and treating the sick医学的；医疗的 e.g. he is a medical student他是一名医科学生。 zhong nanshan has been working on the medical research for many years 钟南山从事医学研究许多年了。5treat vto give medical care or attention to a person，an illness，an injury，etc治疗，医治 e.g.she was treated for sunstroke她因中暑而接受治疗。6treatment nthe methods used to make a sick person better治疗，疗法 e.g. he has gone to hospital for special treatment他已住院接受特殊治疗。7invent vto make or produce something for the first time发明；创造 e.g.who invented the，steam engine? 谁发明的蒸汽机?8war na period of armed fighting between nations or countries战争 (时期)e.g. he fought in both world wars他参加过两次世界大战。 is it necessary to solve the problems by war? 通过战争来解决问题是必要的吗?9tool nan instrument such as an axe，hammer，or spade for doing special jobs工具；用具 e.g.my father has a set of tools to mend machines我爸爸有一套维修机器的工具。(二)短语1give ones life to doing sth表示“为了干某事而献出生命”，其中to是介词。 e.g. lai ning gave his young life to putting the fire out 赖宁为救火而献出了自己年轻的生命。2the first world war意为“第一次世界大战(1914-1918)” the second world war意为“第二次世界大战(1939-194 )”3continue doing sth表示“继续做某事” e.g.she wanted to continue working after she was married她想结婚后继续工作。 注意：continue to do sth也表示“不停地干某事” e.g. the rain continued falling(或to fall)all afternoon 这场雨整整一下午都下个不停。4in spite of表示“不管，尽管”，是介词短语。 e.g. in spite of his age，he still leads an active life 尽管年事已高，他依旧过着一种积极的生活。 they went swimming in spite of all the danger signs 他们无视所有那些危险水域告示牌，还是去游泳了。5in the end表示“最后”，副词短语。(=at lastfinally) e.g. in the end，our team beat their team最后，我们队战胜了他们队。 in the end，dr bethune came to china to help chinese people 最后，白求恩大夫来到中国帮助中国人民。 注意：at the end of表示“在末尾、终点、尽头”，是介词短语。 e.g. at the end of the war，the winner was china 在战争的最后，胜利者是中国。(三)同近义词辨析1war与battle war意为“战争”，指战争的全体。 e.g.the first(second，third)revolutionary civil war第一(二、三)次国内革命战争 norman bethune died in the war of resistance against japan 诺曼白求恩是在抗日战争中去世的。 battle意为“战役，战斗”，一场战争中会发生许多次战役。 e.g. the battle of waterloo was of the of the most famous battles in the worldhistory滑铁卢战役是世界上最著名的战役之一。2treat，cure与heal treat意为“医疗，治疗”。普通用语，强调诊断、治疗，既可指药物治疗，也可指那些有益的建议等精神治疗。 e.g.are you able to treat this disease? 你能治疗这种病吗? cure意为“医治，治愈”，多指治愈疾病。 e.g.we can several types of cancer我们能治愈好几种癌症。 heal意为“治疗，治愈”。多指治愈外伤。 e.g. this medicine will help heal the wound这药对治疗这种创伤很有帮助。3finally，at last与in the end finally，at last，in the end都可作“最后”解，但用法有所不同。finally有 两种用法：一是在列举事物或论点时，可用来引出最后一项内容，一般不带感情色彩；二是用在句中动词前面，表示“等了好久才”。 e.g. we waited and waited，and the train finally arrived我们等了又等，火车终于来了。 at last往往表示经过一番努力或曲折的过程，常带有较浓厚的感情色彩； 也可用来表示“等候或耽误了很多时间之后才”，语气比较强烈。e.g.at last the work was done and he could rest最后，工作完成了，他可以休息了。she came at last! 她总算来了! in the end表示经过许多变化、困难和捉摸不定的情况以后，某事才发 生。 e.g.they won in the end最后他们赢了。4discover，find与invent discover表示“发现”。表示发现已有的，但以前不为人知的事物，也可表 示发现已为人知的事物的新的性质或用途。这种发现可能是有意的，也可能是无意的。 e.g. scientists have discovered that this disease is carried by rats 科学家们发现这种病是由老鼠传播的。 find表示“发现，找到”。既指偶然发现，也指经过一番寻找后得到所需要 的或丢失的东西，着重强调结果。 e.g. i found a wallet on the sidewalk我在人行道上发现了一个钱包。 i lost my knife but ive found it again我丢了刀，但又找回来了。 invent表示“发明”。指经过研究、设计，创造出前所未有的东西。 e.g. yuan longping invented a new kind of rice袁隆平发明了一种新型品种的水稻。(四)交际用语 询问做某事的原因及答语-why did norman bethune study medicine? 诺曼白求恩为什么学医? -he studied medicine so that he could become a doctor 他学医是为了当一名医生。英文中，询问某人做某事的原因时，多用句型“why?”，也可用句型“whatfor?”或“for what?” e.g.why did he start new hospitals in china?=what did he start new hospitals in china for?=for what did he start new hospitals in china?他为什么在中国创办新医院? 。在答语中，可以用例句中so that(目的是，为的是)引导的目的状语从句，也可以用because(因为)引导的原因状语从句。 e.g.he started new hospitals in china so that people could have treatment=he started new hospitals in china because he could give treatment to people他在中国创办新医院为的是给人们治病。(五)重难点句子分析1，and he is still remembered in both canada and china ，并且他仍然活在加拿大和中国人民心中。 精讲：be remembered被记住，为被动结构，与此相关的短语有be remembered for表示“因而纪念缅怀”。 e.g. premier zhou enlai will be remembered forever for his hard work 周恩来总理鞠躬尽瘁，人们将永远缅怀他。2once，he performed operations for 69 hours without stopping，and saved 112 people 有一次，他连续做了69个小时的手术没有停，拯救了112个生命。 精讲：(1)句中perform operations表示“做手术”，如果表达“给某人做手术则是 “perform an operation on(或upon)sb”或“operate on sb”。e.g.the doctor performed an operation on(或upon)a patient for a tumour=the doctor operated on a patient for a tumour 医生为一个病人做了肿瘤切除手术。 (2)句中without + nv-ing表示“没有”。 e.g.he went to school without having breakfast他没吃早饭就去上学了。module 9 heroes重难点解析（unit 3）unit 3 language in use课文详解(一)生词1train(1)na rail wayrail road engine pulling a number of carriages or trucks，taking people and goods from one place to another火车；列车 e.g.i like travelling by train我喜欢乘火车旅行。(2)vto teach a person or an animal the skills for a particular j ob or activity训练；培训 e.g.they train dogs to sniff out drugs他们训练狗嗅出毒品。2respect(1)vto have a very good opinion of sbsth；to admire sbsth尊敬；尊重；仰慕 e.g. she is a much loved and highly respected teacher 她是一位备受爱戴和尊敬的老师。(2)na feeling of admiration for sbsthbecause of their good qualitiesor achievements尊敬；敬意 e.g. i have the greatest respect for your brother我非常尊敬你的哥哥。3perform vto do sth，such as a piece of work，task or duty做；履行；执行 e.g. this operation has never been performed in this country 这个国家从未做过这种手术。 a computer can perform many task s at once 电脑能同时做多项工作。4introduce vto tell sbwhat your name is；or to tell two or more people who havent met before what each