高中英语 Unit14 Lessons34 Grammar直接引语变间接引语“陈述句和疑问句”篇讲练 北师版必修5.doc

直接引语变间接引语“陈述句和疑问句”篇【语境展示】观察下面几组句子，并试着归纳直接引语变为间接引语时的变化规律。1. amy said, “i want to buy the coat in this shop.”amy said (that) she wanted to buy the coat in that shop. 2. “the guests are listening with great interest now,” the lady said to me.the lady told me (that) the guests were listening with great interest then.3. “the moon travels round the earth once every month,” the teacher said to the children.the teacher told the children (that) the moon travels round the earth once every month.4. jack asked, “can you call back tomorrow, lucy?” jack asked lucy if / whether she could call back the next / following day.5. jenny asked me, “you have seen this film, havent you?” jenny asked me if / whether i had seen that film.6. we asked him, “will you stay at home or join us for a drink tonight?” we asked him if / whether he would stay at home or join us for a drink that night.7. “what did paul do to help the little girl find her mother?” she asked us. she asked us what paul had done to help the little girl find her mother.8. “when will we know our test results?” ben asked.ben asked when they would know their test results.【自我归纳】 从以上几组例句可以看出，直接引语变为间接引语时，通常发生以下几个方面的变化：句型直接引语间接引语例句陈述句由that引导的宾语从句（that常省略）第1、2、3组一般/反意/选择疑问句由if / whether引导的宾语从句第4、5、6组特殊疑问句由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句第7、8组注意：直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序。如第4、6、7、8组例句。时态如果主句的谓语动词是现在时或将来时，从句谓语可以根据实际情况使用合适的时态。如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句谓语的时态需变化。具体如下表：直接引语间接引语例句一般现在时一般过去时第1、4组一般将来时过去将来时第6、8组现在进行时过去进行时第2组现在完成时过去完成时第5组一般过去时过去完成时第7组注意：直接引语如果是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如第3组例句。人称1. 当直接引语中的主语是第一人称，变为间接引语时，从句主语的人称要与主句主语的人称保持一致。如第1、8组例句。2. 当直接引语中的主语是第二人称，变为间接引语时，从句主语的人称要与主句宾语的人称保持一致。如第4、5、6组例句。3. 当直接引语中的主语是第三人称，变为间接引语时，从句主语的人称通常保持不变。如第2、3、7组例句。【拓展】直接引语变为间接引语时，指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和某些动词通常要变化。如：this变为that；these变为those；now变为then；tonight变为that night；tomorrow变为the next / following day；yesterday变为the day before；here变为there；come变为go等。注意：如果在当天转述，yesterday, tomorrow等时间状语不必改变；如果在当地转述，here不必变为there, come不必变为go。【即学即练】i. 将下面的直接引语变为间接引语。1. david said, “there is an excellent band playing later on.” _2. ann told rick, “i bought this dress here”._3. he said, “i havent seen her today.”_4. “have you got any thoughts about tomorrow?” he asked me. _5. “when is the aircraft supposed to arrive?” i asked them. _ii. 将下面直接引语变为间接引语。1. susan said to me, “we visited the red star farm last week.”_2. “how soon will your mother come back?” he asked me._3. “i was reading the book the whole day yesterday,” said mary._4. he said, “did you see the girl?”_iii. 将下列直接引语变为间接引语（每空一词）。1. “i have lived in this street since 1962,” the old man said. the old man said _ _ _ _ _ _ since 1962. 2. janet asked me, “how many skirts do you have?” janet asked me _ _ _ _ _. 3. “you havent read this novel, have you?” asked he. he asked me _ _ _ _ _ _. 4. the teacher said, “the earth moves round the sun.” the teacher said the earth _ _ _ _.5. tom asked, “do you have problems learning chinese, kate?” tom asked kate _ _ _ _ _ _. 参考答案i. 1. david said there was an excellent band playing later on.2. ann told rick that she had bought that dress there.3. he said that he hadnt seen her that day. 4. he asked me if / whether i had got any thoughts about the next / following day. 5. i asked them when the aircraft was supposed to arrive. ii. 1. susan told me that they had visited the red star farm the week before.2. he asked me how soon my mother would come back.3. mary said that she was reading the book the whole day the day before.4. he asked whether / if i had