高中英语 Unit1 Great scientists课时作业（四）新人教版必修5.doc

great scientists 课时作业(四)i完形填空to be a good teacher, you need some of the gifts of a good actor: you must be able to 1 the attention and interest of your students, you must be a 2 speaker, with a good, strong, 3 voice which is fully under your control; and you must be able to 4 what you are teaching, in order to make its meaning clear.5 a good teacher, and you will see that he does not sit still 6 his class: he stands the whole time he is teaching; he walks about, using his 7 , hands and fingers to help him in his explanation, and his face to express feeling. listen to him , and you will 8 the loudness, the quality and the musical note of his voice always changing according to what he is 9 about the fact that a good teacher has some of the gifts of a good actor doesnt 10 that he will indeed be able to act 11 on the stage, for there are very important 12 between the teachers work and the actors. the actor has to speak words which he has learnt by heart; he has to repeat exactly the 13 words each time he plays a certain part,14 his movements and the way in which he uses his voice are usually 15 before hand. what he has to do is to make all these carefully learnt words and actions seem 16 on the stage.a good teacher 17 in quite a different way. his students take an active part in his 18 : they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they dont obey something, they will say no. the teacher therefore has to suit his act to the needs of the students. he cannot learn his part by heart, but must 19 it as he goes along.i have known many teachers who were fine 20 in class but unable to take part in a stage play because their brains wouldnt keep discipline (规定): they could not keep strictly to what another had written.1. a. pay b. hold c. give d. know2. a. clear b. slow c. quick d. loud3. a. frightening b. fearing c. exciting d. pleasing4. a. act b. talk c. say d. repeat5. a. listen b. lookc. watch d. observe6. a. for b. before c. behind d. with7. a. tongue b. words c. legs d. arms8. a. hear b. see c. think d. guess9. a. talking b. thinking c. hearing d. listening10. a. tell b. express c. show d. mean11. a. seriously b. badly c. well d. actively12. a. things b. differences c. points d. jobs13. a. different b. samec. above d. following14. a. just b. never c. ever d. even15. a. read b. known c. fixed d. written16. a. natural b. real c. true d. clear17. a. is b. works c. has d. teaches18. a. group b. party c. class d. play19. a. invent b. discover c. teach d. continue20. a. speakers b. watchers c. actors d. listeners阅读理解aonce wilhelm k. roentgen and several other scientists were experimenting with passing electric currents through certain gases in a special glass tube from which the air had been taken away. then one day roentgen noticed that though when the tube was covered with black paper, some strange kinds of radiation was coming through and making a screen nearby glow. roentgen could not see anything out of the tube, but then he discovered that if he put the screen in the next room on the other side of the closed door, the rays still seemed to affect it . the glowing screen showed that the rays could pass not only through the black paper but also through wood.the next thing he found out was that if he put his hands between the rays and a photographic plate (感光板),the rays would print a shadow of the bone framework ( 骨架 ) of his hands on the plate. in fact, the rays could pass as easily through the fleshy part of his hand as through the black paper, but hardly at all through the bone. so roentgen made the first x-ray picture of a hand showing just how the bones in the hand fitted together.roentgen called this unknown rays x-rays, but other scientists called them roentgens rays in honor of the man who first found them.21. roentgen discovered x-rays_.a. by working hardb. by chancec. by doing experiment after experimentd. with the help of several other scientists22. what was in the special glass tube?a. air. b. nothing.c. nothing but gases. d. none of the above.23. we may conclude that the rays roentgen found were_.a. dangerous b. invisiblec. colorful d. poisonous24. what could x-rays hardly pass through? a. wood. b. glass.c. bones. d. black paper.blooking back on my childhood, i realize that naturalists are born and not made. although we were all brought up in the same way, my brothers and sisters soon gave up their pressed flowers and insects. unlike them, i had no ear for music and languages. i was not an early reader and i could not do mental arithmetic.before world war i we spent our summer holidays in hungary. i have only the unclear memory of the house we lived in, of my room and my toys. nor do i recall clearly the large family of grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins who gathered next door. but i do have a clear memory of the dogs, the farm animals, the local birds, and above all, the insects.i am a naturalist, not a scientist i have a strong love of the natural world and my eagerness has led me into varied studies and research. i love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil while reading about other peoples observations and discoveries. then something happens that brings these observations together in my sensible mind. suddenly you imagine you see the answer to the puzzling question, because it all seems to fit together. this has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and books, which some might honor with the title of scientific research.but curiously, a sharp eye, a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant worlds do not make a scientist; one of the best-known and important qualities required is self-training, a quality i lack. a scientist requires not only self-discipline but hard training, determination and a goal. a scientist, up to a point, can be made. a naturalist is born. if you can combine the two, you get the best of both.25. the first paragraph tells us the author_.a. was interested in flowers and insects in his childhoodb. lost his hearing when he was a child c. didnt like his brothers and sisters d. was born in a naturalists family26. the author cant remember his relatives clearly because_.a. he didnt live very long with themb. the family was extremely largec. he was too young when he lived with themd. he was fully busy with observing nature27. it can be inferred from the passage that the author was_.a. a scientist as well as a naturalistb. a naturalist as well as a scientistc. no more than a born naturalistd. first of all a scientist28. the author says that he is a naturalist rather than a scientist probably because he thinks hea. has a great deal of trouble doing mental arithmeticb. lacks some of the qualities required of a scientistc. just reads about other peoples observations and discoveriesd. comes up with answers in a most natural waycdr. harvey gates, the noted scientist, might never have discovered the kamron lizard in blovia, if it had not been for a childhood accident. as a youngster he was determined to become a baseball player, but when he broke his arm in practice at the age of fourteen and was forced to stay off the playing field for a while. he took notice of the natural world around him and liked what he saw.after the cast had been taken off his arm, he caught a squirrel and raised it as a pet . soon he was bringing home snakes and other creatures from the woods near his school.in 1962, he entered blakeford college and majored in biology. by 1966 he had received his bachelor of science degree and two years later at drysdale university, he received his doctor of science degree.it was while he was doing field research for his doctoral dissertation in south america in 1967 that he discovered and named the kamron lizard. this reptile was distinguished from others of its kind by the fact that it had only four toes on its front feet . in other respects, it was similar to others of the same family. it could change its color and go for long periods without food.dr. gates received his appointment as a professor at the university of huntsford in 1970.29. before breaking his arm, dr. gates_.a. had little interest in biologyb. began to lose interest in biologyc. enjoyed both baseball and biologyd. had a growing interest in biology30. dr. gates received_.a. his first degree in 1962b. his second degree in 1966c. his highest degree in 1968d. his doctors degree in 197031. dr. gates discovered the kamron lizard_.a. just after he received his doctors degreeb. while he was preparing his doctoral dissertationc. at the time he was studying at blakeford colleged. after he graduated from drysdale university32. which of the following is not listed as characteristic of the kamron lizard?a. it possesses four toes on its front feet.b. it can live a long while without eating.c. it may go for weeks without drinking.d. it is capable of altering its color.延伸探究题i.完形填空dear editor,one day last month after i received my salary, i went shopping with my little son. 1 in the补缺crowded store, i had my wallet stolen. and my whole salary was 2 with it .i was so angry that i almost lost 3 of myself. what 4 i do? we were not very rich. the money was really not a 5 sum 6 my family, it would affect our life greatly. how could i tell my wife?i felt very sad and even 7 for losing the money when i got back home. to make 8 for my unforgivable mistake, i 9 all my strength to give our house a thorough cleaning and then prepared a wonderful meal and cooked a special dish my wife loved to please her.when she came home, i 10 a smile to 11 her. she was surprised to see the neat house and delicious meat we sat 12 the table and began to eat. i told my story 13 . she did not respond. it was as if she had not heard my words.ive lost my salary, i murmured to her againi 14 . she did not shout at me as i had expected. she did not lose her 15 . 16 i was afraid she was trying hard to 17 her anger.a moment later, my wife was still silent and seemed to be 18 her favourite dish. at last i could not help asking, ive lost the money. why not shout at me?she raised her eyes, looking at me and 19 , oh, on the contrary, im thinking about 20 to comfort you. its the thief who is to blame. 1. a. fortunately b. unfortunately c. however d. surprisingly2. a. missing b. away c. lost d. gone3. a. control b. temper c. interest d. patience4. a. need b. might c. would d. could5. a. large b. littlec. small d. tiny 6. a. to b. forc. with d. against7. a. worried b. upsetc. guilty d. ashamed8. a. up b. into c. clear d. sure9. a. collected b. gathered c. carried d. encouraged10. a. made b. pretended c. forced d. gave11. a. meet b. receive c. greet d. accepted12. a. by b. at c. on d. near13. a. nervously b. gladly c. worriedly d. calmly14. a. listen b. comfort c. think d. see15. a. way b. temper c. interest d. control16. a. and b. but c. so d. or17. a. hide b. express c. take d. show18. a. having b. enjoying c. using d. preparing19. a. said b. saying c. say d. to say20. a. what b. whether c. why d. how阅读理解athe french writer honore de balzac is known around the world for the novels and shorter works of fiction that he collected under the general title the human comedy. his ambition (eagerness) in this great work was to describe all of french society.balzac was born on may 20,1799, in tours, where his father was a civil servant. at the age of 8, he was sent to a boarding school. he was an undisciplined child, and he was often sent to detention, or kept in. he looked on this punishment as a blessing in disguise (因祸得福) because it gave him all the time he wanted to read. when his family moved to paris in 1814, he went to school there.for a while balzac studied law, but he had no taste for legal work. he wanted to write plays, but his first play, gromwell (1819), was a failure. he turned to writing sensational (神圣地) novels under various pen names. realizing that he would never make his fortune this way, he went into business as a publisher and later as a printer. but he earned only debts.in 1829, balzac started the novels that made him famous. some were fantastic, like the wild asss skin (1831). this novel tells how a young man acquires a magic piece of leather that grants (允许) his every wish but shrinks a little every time he uses it. he knows he will die when the leather has shrunk to nothing. others were realistic, like eugenie (garnet) (1833) , the story of a miser who loves his gold more than his daughter.balzac lived extravagantly (奢侈地) , and he was always in debt. his many women friends inspired the sensitive portraits of women in his novels. just before his death , he married a polish countess(女伯爵) .eveline hanska.balzac worked as intensely (紧张的) as he lived . by writing as much as 16 hours a day , he published over 80 titles between 1829 and 1847. this great labor brought on a serious illness before he was able to complete the human comedy. but when he died in paris on august 18,1850, he left a vivid record of his time.21. the world knows balzac because of_.a. his great work the human comedy.b. his collection of novels and short storiesc. his description of the french societyd. his hard work22. when balzac was at school, _.a. he was often praised by his teachersb. he often broke the school rulesc. he did some reading in his spare timed. his family moved to paris23. the word detention in the second paragraph suggests_.a. preventing from leaving after schoolb. headmasters or teachers officec. being stopped going to classesd. a room used for punishing students24. before balzac was thirty, _.a. he had come to be famousb. he had some interest in lawsc. he never made his fortuned. he was in great debtbwhen you are working at a job, it is important to be a team player. a team player is one who works well with the other people on the job. employers look for people who can get along with other employees and still get the job done.there are many things you can do