高考英语阅读理解抓分精品练习（36）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解抓分精品练习（36）及答案 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项.achildrens books:hawkings fact and fictiongeorge frellis & rubybook reviewed-georges secret key to the universeby lucy & stephen hawkingstephen hawkings book a brief history of time was a huge commercial successits achievements in bringing difficult scientific ideas to a wide audience are not so clearnow the distinguished physicist has teamed up with his daughter lucy to produce a childrens book designed to communicate contemporary physicswill it capture the attention of young minds and teach them some real science? or will it be boring and over the heads of the prospective readers?georges secret key to the universe is an adventure story complete with villains and hero and is illustrated with enjoyable line-drawingsit involves a lost pig, a humorously portrayed intelligent computer, school bullies and a trip through the solar systemdidactic discussions on aspects of modern physics, such as supernova explosions and black-hole physics are hung on this set-upthere are also fact boxes on physics and astronomy, and some photographs of astronomical phenomena: planets, comets, galaxies and so onoverall, the book is a serious effort to convey facts and ideas in present day astronomy and astrophysics, within a science-fiction adventure storythe mixture is greatchildren love facts and adventure storiesthe combination will catch their interest and keep them occupied for hoursafter ten minutes of leafing through the book, my granddaughter ruby was deeply absorbed and i had to promise to bring it back for her to read after i had completed my reviewlike any educational tool, it will succeed for some and not for othersi suppose there should be more of the former1where do you think this passage is taken?afrom a news storybfrom a textbookcfrom a book reviewdfrom an advertisment2which of the following books is mainly reviewed in this passage?ageorges secret key to the universeba brief history of timecthe nature of space and timedhawkings fact and fiction3what is the authors attitude towards the book being reviewed?ait will be less successfulbit will be more successfulcit will be a complete failuredit all depends on ruby4the underlined word “leafing” （in the last paragrph） probably means _aadding leaves to a bookbthrowing away a bookctearing up a bookdturning pages of a book 参考答案1-4 cabd c52013安徽卷 eargentina in the late nineteenth century was an exciting place.around 1870，it was experiencing an economic(经济的)boom，and the capital，buenos aires，attracted many people.farmers，as well as a flood of foreigners from spain and italy，came to buenos aires seeking jobs.these jobs didnt pay well，and the people felt lonely and disappointed with their new life in the city.as the unhappy newcomers mixed together in the poor parts of the city，the dance known as the tango(探戈舞) came into being. at the beginning the tango was a dance of the lower classes.it was danced in the bars and streets.at that time there were many fewer women than men，so if a man didnt want to be left out，his only choice was to dance with another man so that he could attract the attention of the few available women.gradually，the dance spread into the upper classes of argentinean society and became more respectable. in europe at this time，strong interest in dance from around the world was beginning. the interest in international dance was especially evident in paris.every kind of dance from ballet(芭蕾舞) to belly dancing could be found on the stages of the paris theaters. after tango dancers from argentina arrived in europe，they began to draw the interest of the public as they performed their exciting dance in cafes. though not everyone approved of the new dance，saying it was a little too shocking，the dance did find enough supporters to make it popular.the popularity(流行)of the tango continued to grow in many other parts of the world.soldiers who returned to the united states from world war brought the tango to north america.it reached japan in 1926，and in 2003 the argentinean embassy in seoul hired a local tango dancer to act as a kind of dance ambassador，and promote tango dancing throughout south korea.72the origin of the tango is associated with_abelly dancers bamerican soldiersca spanish city dthe capital of argentina73which of the following is true about the tango?ait was created by foreigners from spain and italy.bpeople of the upper classes loved the tango most.cit was often danced by two males in the beginning.da dancer in seoul became the argentinean ambassador.74before world war ，the tango spread to_aamerica bjapancfrance dsouth korea75what can be the best title for the text?ahow to dance the tangobthe history of the tangochow to promote the tangodthe modern tango boom【要点综述】 你知道探戈舞的历史吗？它是如何诞生的？又如何传播到世界各地？且看本文一一道来。72d细节理解题。根据题干中“the origin of the tango”定位到第一段的内容，可知探戈起源于阿根廷首都，故选d。73c推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词“tango”定位到文章第二段第三句“at that time, there were many fewer women than men, so if a man didnt want to be left out, his only choice was to dance with another man so that he could attract the attention of the few available women.”，因此可知c项正确。74c细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“before world war”定位到最后一段。探戈传到美国是第一次世界大战结束后，传到日本是1926年，传到韩国更晚。由此可知，答案a、b、d均不对。而从文章第三段可知，探戈传到法国应该是在第一次世界大战之前。故选c。75b主旨大意题。根据题干中的关键词“best title”定位到文章的内容。由文章内容可知，文章首段讲述了探戈的诞生，接着讲述了探戈的传播，也就是说，全文讲述的是探戈的历史。故选b。exercise, such as walking, can reduce the risk of diabetes （糖尿病） in people whose blood sugar is starting to risethat outcome was shown in a large studydespite trying hard, those who dieted and worked out lost very little weightbut they did manage to maintain a regular walking program, and fewer of them went on to develop diabetesexercise also may reduce the risk of heart diseasethere seems to be some effect: most of the heart protection appears to be realized by walking regularlymore intense exercise has been shown to provide only slightly greater benefitsactive people are much less likely to smoke; theyre thinner and they eat differently than people who are less activethey also tend to be more educated, and education is one of the strongest predictors of good health in general and a longer lifeas a result, it is impossible to know with confidence whether exercise prevents heart disease or whether people who are less likely to get heart disease are also more likely to be exercisingstill, in rigorous studies in which elderly people were assigned either to exercise or maintain their normal routine, the exercisers were less likely to fall, perhaps because they got stronger or developed better balanceexercise may prevent broken bonesbut only indirectlyand what about weight loss? lifting weights builds muscles but will not make you burn more caloriesjack wilmore, an exercise physiologist at texas a & m university, calculated that the average amount of muscle that men gained after a serious 12-week weight-lifting program was 2 kilograms, or 44 poundsthat added muscle would increase the metabolic rate （代谢率） by only 24 calories a dayexercise alone, in the absence of weight loss, has not been shown to reduce blood pressurenor does it make much difference in cholesterol （胆固醇） levelsweight loss can lower blood pressure and cholesterol levels, but if you want to lose weight, you have to diet as well as exerciseexercise alone has not been shown to bring sustained weight lossjust ask steven blair, an exercise researcher at the university of south carolinahe runs every day and even runs marathonsbut, he adds, “i was short, fat and bald when i started running, and im still short, fat and baldweight control is difficult for mei fight the losing battle”the difficulty, drblair says, is that its much easier to eat 1,000 calories than to burn off 1,000 calories with exerciseas he relates, “an old football coach used to say, i have all my assistants running five miles a day, but they eat 10 miles a day”5in the case of steven blair, running does _ to his weight controlalittlebmuchcgooddharm6the last paragraph of the text tells us that the problem is that people tend to _?aburn off 1,000 calories in a daybuse more energy than they getcget more energy than they usedrun five miles in a football game7which of the following is true according to the text?aexercise can certainly prevent heart diseasebexercise alone can not reduce blood pressureclifting weight can directly prevent broken bonesdwalking can not reduce blood sugar in people8according to the text, the more educated one is, the _aless exercise one will takebstronger and thinner one will becmore cigarettes one will smokedhealthier one will generally be参考答案5-8 acbd c52013福建卷 dpride and prejudice for the modern womanlet us imagine how pride and prejudice, jane austens most famous work, might be updated, 200 years on.austens popularity is rooted in her intelligence. but today she would certainly have had a very different life, as would her characters. heres my own suggestionit is a truth finally and universally acknowledged that a single woman with brains deserves to have equal opportunities to men, however disadvantaged she may feel by sexism.“my dear husband，” said his hopeful wife one day, “have you heard that the local store, standing empty for so long, is taken over by a bright young businesswoman？”her dull and indifferent (漠不关心的) husband replied that he had not. “but it is, it is，” she replied excitedly. mr dullhusband made no reply.“dont you want to know her plans？” she cried with some impatience.“well, clearly you think it matters to your silly little headso id better listen.”“well, my dear, the rumour (传言) is that she has already set up a string of successful businesses in northern england, though how_a_woman_can_know_anything_about_that_is_beyond_me. she will move in herself next month.” “what is her name？” “bingley.”“is she married or single？”“what a question! and none of your business. but her coming will be a fine thing for our five boys.” “how so? how can it possibly affect them？”“my dear love: those lazy boys need something to wake them up. there are bound to be jobs going.”“is that her point in settling here? surely as a woman she has simply taken a fancy to the place.”“nonsense, my love, how little youve noticed the world has changed. shes got a firstrate degree and some sort of business qualification, im told. she surely needs one of our boys! perhaps you might give her a call.”“me? no. perhaps you can take an interest. you still have your looks, after all. she may even offer you a job.” “oh, thats not likely. these new chances belong to the younger generation. but now you mention it, i think ill go along all the same.”and mrs bennet went along. that was 10 years ago. she is now managing director of a ftselisted company. it would remain the case, of course, that mrs bennet would be one of very few women on the company board, that her salary would be lower than her male colleagues, her bonus of a more “female” dimension and her lifespan (年限) among the citys business leaders shorter than theirs. still, shed no doubt have enjoyed davosand might even have hobnobbed (攀谈) with influential figures.67which of the following is true according to the passage?aausten was born 200 years ago.bausten rewrote pride and prejudice.caustens success lies in her wisdom.daustens updated work gains popularity.68the underlined part in the passage suggests that mrs bennet _ahad mixed feelings of admiration and surprise about bingleybfelt kind of worried and doubtful about bingleycwas extremely anxious to meet bingleydhad a great curiosity about bingley69in the eyes of mrs bennet, bingley surely needed one of their boys to _a. get married to b. work for herc. help her move in d. take over her store70what does the writer intend to tell us?awomen with brains can also be as successful as men.bwomen have to pay a high price for success.ca judgment must be made free from prejudice.dsex discrimination still exists nowadays.【要点综述】 文章选自改编版名著傲慢与偏见章节，独辟蹊径，夹叙夹议，通过讲述mrs bennet对bingley从事商业活动的态度及她本人的经历，深刻揭示了性别歧视依然存在这一社会现实。文章将古典文学的欣赏性与现实的批判性有机地结合起来。67c细节理解题。根据文章开头“austens popularity is rooted in her intelligence.” 可知。intelligence“智力”相当于wisdom。68a句意理解题。画线句子意为：我完全不懂得一个女人是怎样懂得做生意的。结合上文她告诉丈夫时说的话及说话的语气可知，mrs bennet对bingley既崇敬又惊讶。69b细节理解题。从原文句子“those lazy boys need something to wake them up.” 及“she surely needs one of our boys！” 可知答案。70d推理判断题。 根据原文最后一段，作者说十年后的今天，mrs bennet 虽然已是一名老员工了，但她的工资及福利均比不上男同事，说明现在社会仍然存在性别歧视。he came into the room to shut the windows while we were still in bed and i saw he looked ill. he was shivering, his face was white, and he walked slowly as though it ached to move.whats the matter, schatz?ive got a headache.you better go back to bed.no. im all right.you go to bed. ill see you when im dressed.but when i came downstairs he was dressed, sitting by the fire, looking a very sick and miserable boy of nine years. when i put my hand on his forehead i knew he had a fever.you go up to bed, i said, youre sick.im all right, he said.when the doctor came he took the boys temperature.whats is it? i asked him.one hundred and two.downstairs, the doctor left three different medicines in different colored capsules with instructions for giving them. one was to bring down the fever, another a purgative(泻药), the third to overcome an acid condition. the germs of influenza（流感）can only exist in an acid condition, he explained. he seemed to know all about influenza and said there was nothing to worry about if the fever did not go above one hundred and four degrees. this was a light epidemic(传染病；传染性的) of flu and there was no danger if you avoided pneumonia（肺炎）.back in the room i wrote the boys temperature down and made a note of the time to give the various capsules.do you want me to read to you?all right. if you want to, said the boy. his face was very white and there were dark areas under his eyes. he lay still in the bed and seemed very detached（超然的；冷漠的）from what was going on.i read aloud from howard pyles book of pirates（海盗）;but i could see he was not following what i was reading.how do you feel, schatz? i asked him.just the same, so far, he said.i sat at the foot of the bed and read to myself while i waited for it to be time to give another capsule. it would have been natural for him to go to sleep, but when i looked up he was looking at the foot of the bed, looking very strangely.why dont you try to sleep? ill wake you up for the medicine.id rather stay awake.after a while he said to me, you dont have to stay in here with me, papa, if it bothers you.it doesnt bother me.no, i mean you dont have to stay if its going to bother you.i thought perhaps he was a little lightheaded and after giving him the prescribed capsules at eleven oclock i went out with my gun and the young hunting dog.i killed two quail(鹌鹑), and missed five, and started back pleased to have found a covey of quail close to the house and happy there were so many left to find on another day. at the house they said the boy had refused to let anyone come into the room.you cant come in, he said. you mustnt get what i have.i went up to him and found him in exactly the position i had left him, white-faced, but with the tops of his cheeks flushed（发红）by the fever, staring still, as he had stared, at the foot of the bed.i took his temperature.what is it?something like a hundred, i said. it was one hundred and two and four tenths.it was a hundred and two, he said.who said so?the doctor.your temperature is all right, i said. its nothing to worry about.i dont worry, he said, but i cant keep from thinking.dont think, i said. just take it easy.im taking it easy, he said and looked straight ahead, he was evidently holding tight onto himself about something.take this with water.do you think it will do any good?of course it will.i sat down and opened the pirate book and began to read, but i could see he was not following, so i stopped.about what time do you think im going to die? he asked.what?about how long will it be before i die?you arent going to die. whats the matter with you? oh, yes, i am, i heard him say a hundred and two.people dont die with a fever of one hundred and two. thats a silly way to talk.i know they do. at school in france the boys told me you cant live with forty-four degrees. ive got a hundred and two.he had been waiting to die all day, ever since nine oclock in the morning.you poor schatz, i said. poor old schatz. its like miles and kilometers. you arent going to die. thats different thermometer. on that thermometer thirty-seven is normal. on this kind its ninety-eight.are you sure?absolutely, i said, its like miles and kilometers. you know, like how many kilometers we make when we do seventy miles in the car?oh, he said.but his gaze at the foot of the bed relaxed slowly. the hold over himself relaxed too, finally, and the next day it was very slack(松驰的) and he cried very easily at little things that were of no importance.1、. the author writes about the doctors visit in order to _. a. show the doctors knowledge about influenza and its treatment b. show the boys illness was quite serious c. create a situation of misunderstanding around which to bu