高考英语阅读理解全程巩固训练（5）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解全程巩固训练（5）及答案阅读理解-d(2013兰州市诊断，b)“i like your smile, but unlike you put your shoes on my face”. a charming way of saying “keep off the grass”. but could you figure it out? or this: “wash clothing store” for laundry.they are both typical chinglish, a combination of english vocabulary and chinese grammar. expressions such as “people mountain people sea”， means extremely crowded, and “give you some color to see”， meaning a punishment, are widely known and recognized.chinglish has been attracting global attention in recent years as china grows rapidly in stature on the world stage, attracting both fans and detractors.the beijing speaks foreign languages programme and english first china company, a language trainer known as ef education, jointly launched a campaign to root out poor grammar and misused vocabulary in downtown beijing. they argue chinglish is an embarrassment that we should let it die out at all costs.“it is meaningful, to allow the capital show its most beautiful historical and cultural heritage to the world.” michael lu, vicepresident of ef education said, “since the launching of the campaign, foreign teachers and students had been very keen to volunteer participation.” he believed signs were very important in public services. “the signs in some old buildings confused foreign visitors.”chinglish, although the target of much criticism, has also won supporters who regard it as an interesting way for foreigners to learn how chinese people think and express themselves.“many chinglish logos carry chinese elements and they will enrich the english language，” 32yearold oliver radtke said. he had even published a book “chinglish: found in translation，” on the subject. about 50 000 copies of the book have been sold since it was published in 2007.some chinese university experts also side with chinglish. “english has absorbed elements from other languages such as french and spanish in its growth, and the emergence of chinglish again testifies to the languages vitality and inclusiveness，” said shi anbin, an associate professor of tsinghua university.文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了中国式英语在中国的发展及应用，并列举了人们对其不同的看法和理解。13how did chinglish come into being?achinese people misunderstood the meaning of the new words.bchinese people combined english vocabulary with chinese grammar.cchinese people based their english on the native english speakers.dchinese people make wide use of english vocabulary with bad spelling.答案：b细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“they are both typical chinglish, a combination of english vocabulary and chinese grammar.”可知，答案选b。14what shi anbin said means _.athere are many french and spanish words in englishbenglish is the language with vitality and inclusivenesscchinglish enriches english and shouldnt be got rid ofdchinglish has greater effect on english than french and spanish答案：c推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知，shi anbin支持中国式英语。由“english has absorbed elements from other languages such as french and spanish in its growth, and the emergence of chinglish again testifies to the languages vitality and inclusiveness”可推知，shi anbin认为中国式英语的存在证明了英语是一种包容性很强的语言，中国式英语能像法语和西班牙语一样使英语变得丰富。故答案选c。15according to oliver radtke, chinglish _.ashows how chinese people thinkbdoes damage to the english languagecshows the great humor of chinese peopledshould be sold to all over the world答案：a推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段第一句可知，中国式英语带有中国元素。由此可推知，中国式英语体现了中国人的思维。故答案选a。阅读理解-e(2013深圳市二模，d)since the beginning of the year, smog has covered parts of north china. in january, beijing saw only five days without smog. the rising pm2.5 readings terrified many people, and some health experts said that whenever the smog gets serious, hospitals receive more patients suffering acute respiratory (呼吸系统) and heart diseases.later, news of polluted underground water in some provinces scared people who wondered whether the water they drink is safe.so the need to emphasize environmental protection while developing the economy is heard everywhere.smog is especially a common concern. as a popular online post said, air may be the only thing that is equal for everyone, despite your income or profession. people with higher incomes are able to drink only bottled spring water and eat only organic food by paying higher prices, but they breathe the same air as everyone else.at a meeting on monday, many representatives have expressed their concerns about the air quality, too. one talked about his experience in beijing. “after taking a taxi from the capital airport to my hotel, which took about an hour, i washed my nose and found the inside of my nose was black. we should ask ourselves this question: why do we want to develop? its for living a better life. dirty air is definitely not a better life，” he said.china needs to develop its economy and invest (投资) in hightech. every chinese has a dream to make china stronger. but without blue sky, clean water and safe food, the achievements in the economy will become meaningless. space technologies are not to be developed for building a base on mars so that one day all human beings can move to the red planet because they have destroyed earth.what the public wants is a strong and beautiful china. the great efforts must be made to promote ecological progress and build a beautiful china. the words have shown the central governments determination to address the environment issue.文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。今年北京的雾霾天气引起了许多人对环保重要性的重视，我们不能只关注经济而忽视了我们赖以生存的环境，因为发展是为了生活得更好。16the effect of smog doesnt include _.athe rising of pm2. 5 readings bmore people suffering diseasescthe increase of peoples income dpatients increased in hospital答案：c细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“the rising pm2.5. more patients suffering acute respiratory (呼吸系统) and heart diseases.”可知，雾霾导致pm2.5值升高，许多人因呼吸疾病、心脏病突发而住院。故答案选c。17why has smog become a common concern?abecause people have to pay higher prices.bbecause nobody can avoid it.cbecause we have to develop industry.dbecause a popular onlinepost discussed it.答案：b推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容可知，空气面前人人平等，不管你的职业是什么，都呼吸一样的空气。因此空气一旦被污染，谁都没有办法不受影响，所以大家都特别关注空气质量。故答案选b。18to make china stronger we have to develop economy, but _.awe have to sacrifice air as the pricebthe dirty air is not what we wantcecological progress can be ignoreddthe smog is the only byproduct答案：b推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二、三段可知，固然我们要发展经济使国家强大，但发展经济不能以牺牲环境为代价，否则发展就变得没有任何意义了。故答案选b。19the underlined word “they” in paragraph 6 refers to _.ahuman beings bother planetscspace technologies dindustrial development答案：a指代判断题。they是代词，用来代替前面出现的复数名词。根据句意可知，此处they代替上文中的human beings。故答案选a。20from the last two paragraphs we can infer that _.ahightech can completely solve the problem of pollutionbspace technologies should be developed in a large scalecwe can move to mars after the earth has been destroyeddwe must protect the environment while developing economy答案：d推理判断题。文章最后两段强调了我们既要发展经济、科技，建设一个强大的国家，但同时也要保护生态环境，创造一个美丽的国度。故答案选d。阅读理解-cabraham lincoln was born into poverty 200 years ago. at any other time and place, this lowly origin would have dictated his future, but in lincolns case, his self-determination and force of will made it possible for him to secure his seat in his countrys history. he has become a role model in the self-made america.if you want to learn about somebody who didnt quit, look no further. abraham lincoln had two business ventures failed, and the second one made him bankrupt, so he had to spend the next 17 years of his life paying for the debt. he also lost 8 different elections. it seemed that he had never done things right at the first time: the first time he ran for state legislature for congress, for land officer, for senate, all of these failed, and the first time he sought the vice-presidential nomination, he got less than 100 votes nationally. but he never found it too shameful to carry on his mission. then later in 1860, on such a rough road, he made it to the white house. he lived up to his famous saying, “always bear in mind that your own determination to success is more important than any other.”he could have quit many times-but he didnt and because he didnt quit ，he became one of the greatest presidents in the history of america. one important way lincoln influences present society is that we look back on his life as a role model for future generations. lincolns high character influences us because we compare present-day politicians to the example lincoln set. a major influence lincoln has on the united states today is simply through the good example he set when it came to honesty, persistence and leadership.36.according to the first paragraph, which of the following statements is true?a.lincoln was born with a silver spoon in his mouth.b.like lincoln, a poor origin leads to a bright future.c.america is considered self-made because of lincoln.d.self-determination and will contributed to lincolns success.【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。根据but in lincolns case, his self-determination and force of will made it possible for him to secure his seat in his countrys history.可知是林肯的决心和意志导致他的成功。故选d。37.what is paragraph two mainly about?a.how lincoln made his way to the white house.b.lincoln suffered various failures.c.lincoln was a man who never quit.d.lincoln once lost two business ventures.【答案】c【解析】段落大意题。根据if you want to learn about somebody who didnt quit, look no further.可知林肯是个不放弃的人。故选c。38.which is the correct order of what happened to lincoln?a. he was paying off his debt.b. he failed in the run for land officer,c. he got less than 100 votes nationally. d. he stuck to his mission, e. he went bankrupt.a. b-c-c-d-ab. c-3.-b-c-dc. 6-c-s-b-dd. d-c-s-b-c【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段的内容可知顺序是：e. he went bankrupt.-a. he was paying off his debt.-b. he failed in the run for land officer,-c. he got less than 100 votes nationally.-d. he stuck to his mission,故选b。39. what is the function of lincolns famous saying in paragraph two?a.to tell us that determination is the most important to success.b.to attract readers1 attention.c.to show why lincoln was able to carry on in hard times.d.to summarize lincolns story.【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。根据then later in 1860, on such a rough road, he made it to the white house. he lived up to his famous saying, 可知这句话是为了表明为什么他能度过难关。故选c。40.why does the writer consider lincoln as one of the greatest presidents in america?a.because he still influences america as a role model.b.because he set a good example to the present politicians.c.because of his great personalities.d.because he went through diverse difficulties.【答案】a【解析】推理判断题。根据lincolns high character influences us because we compare present-day politicians to the example lincoln set.可知林肯还是一个榜样并影响了美国人，故选a。(十一)-a(2013皖南八校第三次联考，a)handball is a hugely popular sport in europe and asia, and it is one of the fastest and most exciting sports in the world. it combines basketball and soccer with the attracting saves of water polo.handball is played on an indoor court ( the size of two basketball courts ) and there are goals at each end. there are twelve players on each team, two goal keepers and ten field players, but there is a maximum of one goalkeeper and six field players from each team allowed on the court at any one time. the_idea_is_simple:_score more goals than the other team. the ball is made of leather or a synthetic material and it must be round. the surface must not be shiny or slippery. the size and weight of the ball varies for male and female teams, and adult and junior team. handball has the same freeranging play as basketball, with all players except the goalkeeper constantly moving from attack to defence. the goalkeeper uses hands, feet, head and body to keep out the other teams shots. the origins of handball are unclear. many people believe that it developed as a training game for soccer, to be played in the off season, or when it was snowing. now, in countries where handball is popular, p