高考英语 热门考点强化专练 阅读理解（三十二）（含解析）.doc

2013高考英语热门考点强化专练：阅读理解（三十二）（含解析）（1）when several different people look at the same person, it is not unusual for each of them to see different things; when you alone observe one behavior or one person at two different times, you may see different things. the following are but some of the factors that lead to these varying perceptions:each persons perceptions of others are formed by his or her own cultural conditioning, education, and personal experience.sometimes perceptions differ because of what we choose to observe and how we deal with what weve observed. it is not necessarily true that persons perception is based on observations of a particular person. your observations may be totally controlled by some. your observations may be totally controlled by what others have told you about this person; or you may focus primarily on the situation or role relationship. most people do not use the same yardstick to measure their parents, their friends, and strangers.sometimes we see only what we want to see what may be obverse to others because of our own needs, desires, or temporary emotional states. this is a process known as selective perception. selective perception is obviously more difficult when contradictory information is particularly obvious, but it can be done. we can ignore the stimulus“hes basically a good boy, so what i saw was not shoplifting.” we can reduce the importance of the contradictory information“all kids get into mischief(顽皮). taking a book from the bookstore isnt such a big deal.” we call change the meaning of the contradictory information“it wasnt shoplifting because he was going to pay for it later.”.1.while observing a particular person, .a.one is likely to take all aspects into considerationb.one pays more attention to his or her advantagesc.children often differ from gownups in perceptiond.one tends to choose certain cues to look for2.observation of the same person by two people at the same time may differ because .a.their yardsticks are not the sameb.either of them may be slow to catch informationc.the time for observations is not long enough d.each of them uses different language to express his or her impressions3.the underlined word “ignore” in paragraph 4 means to .a.understand something b.try to do somethingc.pay no attention to something d.know something better4.the worst thing in selective perception is that .a.perceived information runs against your desireb.facts can be totally ignored and distorted c.importance of contradictory information can be overrated d.the same information may not be dealt with in the same way（2）washingtonlaura straub is a very worried woman. her job is to find families for french teenagers who expect to live with american families in the summer.its not easy, even desperate. “we have many children left to place: 40 out of 75,” said straub, who works for a paris based foreign exchange programme called lec. when exchange programmes started 50 years ago, more families were willing to help others. for one thing, more mothers stayed home. but now, increasing numbers of women work outside the home. exchange student programmes have struggled in recent years to sign up host families for the 30,000 teenagers who come from abroad every year to have some courses for one year in the united states. as well as the thousands more who take part in summer programmes.school systems in many parts of the us,unhappy about accepting nontaxpaying students, have also strictly limited the number of exchange students they accept. at the same time, the idea of hosting foreign students is becoming less exotic (异国情调的).in searching for host families, who usually receive no pay, exchange programmes are increasingly broadening their requests to include everyone from young couples to the retired.“we are open to many different types of families.” said vickie weiner, eastern regional director for asse, a 25-year-old programme that sends about 30,000 teenagers on one-year exchange programmes worldwide.for elderly people,exchange students “keep up youngthey really do,” said jean foster,who is hosting 16-year-old nina porst from denmark.5.foreign teenagers come to american families wilh the purpose of . a.finding thier parents in america b.finding good jobs in americac.learning the culture of america d.enjoying the life of america6.in the past, straubs job was easy, because american families . a.needed more money to live b.had fewer children to support c.had spare rooms to rent d.were not as busy as now7.to deal with the problem in recent years, straub and her workmates have to .a.ask different kinds of families for help b.limit the number of the exchange studentsc.borrow much money to pay for the costs d.force some families to accept students8.from the last paragraph we can conclude that .a.exchange students are welcome in americab.exchange students must pay much money to the host familiesc.american students dont want to join the exchange programmesd.old americans can benefit from hosting exchange students答案与解析1.a 见第3段最后一句及最后一段，尤其是第1句。对同一件事的看法完全相反，影响的因素包括“个人的需要；情感因素”等。2.c 根据该词后面所举的例子（对“shoplifting”的截然相反的看法），可知ignore的含义。3.d 采用排除法。a项指的是“被感知的信息与自己的愿望相反”评价的标准是个人的主观意识，文中亦未谈到；b项和c项在文中