【步步高】（江苏专用）高考英语一轮复习 Unit 3 Understanding each other同步导学 牛津译林版选修6(1).doc

【步步高】（江苏专用）2015届高考英语一轮复习 unit 3 understanding each other同步导学 牛津译林版选修6.重点单词识记1ensure /in(r)/ vt.保证，担保，确保2reception /risepn/ n招待会；接待；接受3throughout /ruat/ prep.& adv.自始至终；贯穿整个时期；各处，遍及4alike /laik/ adj.相像，十分相似；adv.十分相像地；同样地5gesture /dest(r)/ n手势；姿势；示意动作；v.做手势，用动作示意6feast /fist/ n盛宴，宴会；节日7account /kant/ n描述，叙述；账户；v.认为；解释，说明8greet /rit/ vt.和某人打招呼(或问好)greeting n问候；问候语9congratulate /knrtleit/ vt.向(某人)道贺，祝贺congratulation n祝贺，恭喜10prohibit /prhibit/ vt.(尤指以法令)禁止prohibition n禁止，阻止；禁令11offence /fens/ n冒犯；侮辱offend v冒犯；使生气；犯罪12adjust /dst/ vi.& vt.适应，习惯；调整，调节adjustment n调整，调节；适应adjustable adj.可调整的，可调节的13accustomed /kstmd/ adj.习惯于；惯常的accustom vt.使习惯于14familiar /fmili(r)/ adj.通晓；熟悉unfamiliar adj.陌生的，不熟悉的15celebration /selibrein/ n庆典；庆祝活动；庆祝celebrate vt. & vi.庆祝，庆贺16expectation /ekspektein/ n期望，盼望expect vt.期待，盼望；预料；猜想17bravery /breivri/ n勇敢brave adj.勇敢的18govern /vn/ vt.统治；控制，支配governor n统治者government n政府19musical /mjuzikl/ adj.音乐的；n.音乐剧musician n音乐家20mysterious /mistiris/ adj.神秘的，奇怪的mystery n神秘；神秘的事或人.重点短语识记1adjust to适应2get/be accustomed to习惯于3be familiar with对熟悉4after all毕竟，终究5do without没有也行；没有而设法对付过去6get into trouble陷入困境，遇到麻烦7dream of梦见；梦想8let alone更不用说9show sb.around带某人参观、游览10take up占据(时间或空间)；开始从事；拿起11be aware of知道；意识到12hunt for寻找，搜寻，搜索13believe in相信；信任；信仰14have power over控制，支配.经典原句默写与背诵1in thailand，people greet each other by putting their hands together and bowing.在泰国，人们双手合十并鞠躬来相互打招呼。2many foreigners have trouble getting accustomed to it.许多外国人很难适应这种做法。3one reason why there are so many french words in english is that the french ruled england for quite a number of years.英语里有如此多的法语词汇的原因是法国人曾统治英格兰很长时间。4had you told me earlier，i would not have got into trouble.你如果早告诉我，我就不会陷入困境了。5they dislike it when people do not look at the cards，so remember not to just put them in your pocket without looking.他们不喜欢人们不看名片，所以要记住，不要看都不看就把名片塞进口袋。1she won an award for outstanding bravery and was considered to be brave (brave)2her parents expected her to be a doctor after graduation but she didnt live up to their expectations (expect)3the desks and chairs are adjustable，and you can adjust(adjust) them to the height of the students.4they held a party in celebration (celebrate) of their success.5my eyes slowly grew accustomed (accustom) to the dark.6im writing to congratulate mo yan on his being awarded the nobel prize for literature.7weather permitting，well go camping this weekend.8most members of the committee were in favour of the suggestion；only a minority were against it.9citizens are prohibited(禁止) from smoking in public areas.10in order to ensure(确保) success we must have a complete and thorough plan.1congratulate sb.on (doing) sth.就向某人祝贺congratulation n祝贺；(复数)贺词congratulations (to sb.) on sth.就(向某人)祝贺congratulations！祝贺你！(口语)congratulations on your happy marriage!祝贺你喜结良缘！she was congratulated on what she had achieved.人们向她祝贺她所取得的成就。特别提醒(1)congratulation用作祝贺语时，通常用复数形式；作为“祝贺”这一抽象意义时，通常用单数形式。(2)congratulate后不接带不定式的复合结构或that从句。 夯实基础单句改错(1)i congratulated myself that i had escaped unhurt.i congratulated myself on having escaped unhurt.(2)we congratulated him to have passed the exam.we congratulated him on having passed the exam.2prohibit sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做某事prohibit ones doing sth.禁止某人做某事prohibition against.的禁令the price prohibited us from buying it.这东西价钱太高，我们买不起。visitors are prohibited from feeding the animals.禁止游客投喂动物。夯实基础用适当的介词填空(1)the environmental group is demanding a complete prohibition against the hunting of whales.(2)meanwhile，the dutch will prohibit tourists from buying marijuana(大麻) in their famous coffee shops.3adjust sth.to sth.调整以适应adjust (oneself) to.(使自己)适应于adjust to doing.适应做make an adjustment作出调整we have been preparing our fighters to adjust themselves to civil society.我们一直在培训我们的战士，以使他们适应普通的社会生活。to attract investors，panama has adjusted its tax and labor laws.为吸引投资者，巴拿马调整了税法和劳动法。夯实基础用所给词的适当形式填空(1)she found it hard to adjust to working (work) at night.(2)he will have to make major adjustments (adjust) to his thinking if he is to survive in office.(3)she soon adjusted herself (she) to his way of life.4be/get/become accustomed to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事accustom oneself to (doing) sth.使自己习惯于(做)某事i was accustomed to being the only child at a table full of adults.我已经习惯了作为唯一一个小不点坐在一桌大人中间。my eyes were becoming accustomed to the gloom.我的眼睛渐渐适应了黑暗。夯实基础同义句改写he was accustomed to the custom.(用accustom oneself to改写句子)he accustomed himself to the custom.5sb.be familiar with.某人对熟悉sth.be familiar to sb.某人熟悉be on familiar terms with熟悉；关系随便he is a familiar figure in the neighborhood.他在这个地区是大家熟悉的人物。the voice on the phone sounded familiar to me.电话里的声音我听起来很熟悉。夯实基础用适当的介词填空(1)broadband networking technology is familiar to him.(2)you certainly seem to be on familiar terms with him.6in celebration of为庆贺celebrate sth.庆祝congratulate sb./oneself on sth.因向某人/自己庆贺people celebrate earth day differently.人们有不同的方法庆祝地球日。(2013江苏书面表达)夯实基础用celebrate，congratulate的适当形式填空(1)the old couple celebrated their fiftieth wedding anniversary last week.(2)i want to congratulate you on your success with all my heart.7account for说明(原因等)；作出解释；占(比例)on account of由于，因为on no account绝不(置于句首时，句子部分倒装)take account of/o account (o consideration)考虑take no account of对不加考虑his illness accounts for his absence.他因病缺席。my wife keeps household accounts.我太太记家庭收支账。夯实基础选词填空(on no account，on account of)(1)at first he hesitated on account of the expense.(2)on no account should you tell him.单项填空1bill，i have just passed the toefl. .acongratulate bcongratulate to youccongratulations dcongratulating you答案c解析congratulations！祝贺你，为固定用法。2chinese customs regulations taking precious works of art out of china.aprohibit bforbidcavoid drespect答案a解析句意为：中国海关条例规定禁止将珍贵的文物带出中国。prohibit和forbid这两个词都有“禁止”的意思，但应用范围不同：prohibit用于上级部门的正式法令、规定或权威机构的法律、法令；forbid用于普通人之间如禁止某人做某事，或不让某人做某事。3when a child is studying abroad，he must learn to living on his own.aadjust to breturn toclook forward to dlead to答案a解析adjust to适应，符合句意。4the student writing down every data during his experiments.aused to bget use tocis fond of dis accustomed to答案d解析句意为：这个学生习惯于写下实验中的每一个数据。根据句意可知应选d项。5this magazine is very with young people，who like its content and style.afamiliar bpopularcsimilar dparticular答案b解析be popular with sb.受某人欢迎。如选a项，则改为be familiar to sb.。6eminent physicists from all over the world came to the us to the centennial of einsteins birth.acongratulate bobserveccelebrate dparticipate答案c解析celebrate庆祝，祝贺，符合题意。句意为：世界各地的知名物理学家赶往美国，庆祝爱因斯坦诞辰100周年。congratulate庆祝，祝贺，与on连用；observe庆祝，纪念，实指“过”某个节日等；participate分享，参与，与in连用。7id his credit rating and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.atake into account baccount forcmake up for dmake out答案a解析句意为：我想在考虑了他的信用状况后，再决定是否同意贷款。8smoking is strictly in the process of handling explosive materials.aprohibited bforbiddingcprohibiting dprevented答案a解析句意为：在处理易爆物品时，严禁吸烟。smoking和prohibit之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态。.汉译英1通常不管我们多么远，多么忙，我们都努力回家来庆祝这一节日。(celebration)(2013辽宁，书面表达)usually，no matter how far away or how busy we are，we will try to return home for the celebration.2图片向我们展示了一个当小姑娘去问候她工作的母亲时的动人的时刻。(greet)(2011江苏，书面表达)the picture shows us a touching moment when a little girl comes to greet her working mom.3整节课老师都在说英语，这和我以前上的课完全不一样。(throughout)(2010湖北，书面表达)the teacher spoke english throughout the class，which was totally different from the lessons i had taken before.1ill try not to take up too much of your time.2im so sick today that i couldnt walk as far as the kitchen，let alone go to the zoo with you.3having been shown around the water cube，we were then taken to see the birds nest for the 2008 olympic games.4he is always willing to help others，so everyone here is familiar with him.5his idea that men should have power over women was strongly criticized.1show.in带或领进来show.out领出去show off炫耀show up出席；到场on show在展出we were shown around the school by one of the students.我们由一名学生领着参观了学校。夯实基础poor as she was，she was eager for attention.thus，she had to think of borrowing some jewels to at the party.ashow up bshow outcshow in dshow off答案d解析第二句句意为：因此，她想借一些珠宝在晚会上炫耀。show off炫耀，符合句意。2 take up拿起(pick up，lift)；接受(accept)；开始；继续(continue)；占用(fill or use space or time)；从事take in吸收；接纳；欺骗；领会take down拆除；写下take on呈现；雇用；承担take over接管；承袭take off脱掉；起飞；成功；开始流行o consideration/account把考虑进去he did not particularly want to take up a competitive sport.他并不特别想从事竞技体育运动。夯实基础用take短语的适当形式填空(1)i put the telephone down and took up my work again.(2)i know i was a naive fool to trust him but he is a real charmer who totally took me in.(3)it successfully took over sky news，a popular news channel running in the uk since 1989.(4)shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced to ruins，the city took on a new look.单项填空1when he didnt know how to get out of the building，a boy him .ashowed；out bshowed；incshowed；around dshowed；off答案a解析句意为：当他不知道怎么走出该建筑的时候，一个男孩领他出去。show sb.out领某人出去，符合语境。2you should take exercise in your spare time.i want to，but the little time i have outside of school is by parttime job.ataken away btaken inctaken out dtaken up答案d解析考查take的短语辨析。句意为：你在业余时间应该参加锻炼。我想，但是课外只有一点时间又被兼职工作占用了。take away拿走；take in理解；take out拿出；take up占用。3we all believe that itd be hard for him to extra responsibilities now.atake apart btake upctake on dtake back答案c.汉译英1请你把参观者领进来，好吗？(show.in)show the visitors in，will you?2这架钢琴太占地方了。(take up)the piano takes up too much room.用所给词的适当形式填空1if the ball had crossed(cross) the line，that would have been the end of the game.2if everyone worked(work) an extra hour a day，it would greatly increase production.3if id seen anything suspicious，i would have called(call) the police.4if i slipped quietly out of the room in a few minutes time，no one would notice(notice)5if i drove(drive)，i would hire a car to drive round the island.1 roosters are supposed to drive bad spirits away from the wedding ceremony.人们认为公鸡能把鬼魂从婚礼仪式上赶走be supposed to.应该；被认为是suppose sb./sth.to be.认为某人(物)be supposed to have done.本该做(但实际上未做)be not supposed to do.不允许做suppose/supposing引导条件状语从句，相当于if，表示“如果，假设”。youre supposed to buy a ticket，but not many people do.按说你应当买票，不过买的人不多。you look well.the air and the sea foods in sanya must agree with you，i suppose.你看起来气色很好。我想三亚的空气和海鲜一定适合你。夯实基础用所给词的适当形式填空(1)supposing(suppose) she doesnt come，what shall we do?(2)the message is very important，so it is supposed to be sent(send) as soon as possible.(3)community organizers are supposed(suppose) to speak truth to power.2 they dislike it when people do not look at the cards，so remember not to just put them in your pocket without looking.他们不喜欢人们不看名片，所以要记住，不要看都不看就把名片塞进口袋。在it作形式宾语的句子中，真正的宾语可以是动词不定式、动名词或从句。i have made it clear that im against the plan.我已经表明我反对这个计划。特别提醒逻辑宾语是从句的四种类型：(1)某些用作介词宾语的that从句要放在形式宾语it之后作逻辑宾语。如depend on，rely on，see to等短语的介词后。(介词but，except，in除外)you may rely on it that he will come in time.你放心好了，他会准时来的。(2)当用作动词宾语的that从句后边有宾语补足语时，常在宾语位置上用一个形式宾语it，而把真正的宾语that从句放到宾补之后作逻辑宾语。i consider it a pity that he cant swim.我很遗憾，他不会游泳。(3)在某些习惯用法中，作动词宾语的从句要放在形式宾语it之后作逻辑宾语。这种情况不仅见于that从句，也可见于其他从句中。可用于这种句型的动词常见的有：enjoy，hate，have，hide，like，love，take，appreciate等。i dont like it when you shout at me.我不喜欢你对我大喊大叫。(4)某些动词之后的宾语从句太长，状语较短，也可以在宾语位置上用一个形式宾语it，而把真正的宾语从句放到状语之后作逻辑宾语。这种情况不仅见于that从句，也可见于其他从句。he owes it to his first teacher that he has good pronunciation.他把自己的发音正确归功于第一个老师。夯实基础as the busiest woman in norton，she made her duty to look after all the other peoples affairs in that town.athis bthat cone dit答案d解析本题考查it作形式宾语的用法。当不定式作宾语，同时又有自己的补足语时，常常用形式宾语it代替不定式，而把真正的宾语不定式后移。常用结构为：make/feel/find.it宾补(n./adj.)to do sth.。.单项填空1if you the chat room ten minutes ago，you would have known what we were talking about.ashould join bjoinscjoined dhad joined答案d解析考查虚拟语气。句意为：如果你早十分钟进入聊天室的话，就知道我们在谈论什么了。本句为虚拟条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设，此时条件状语从句的谓语动词一般用“had过去分词”。故选d项。2did you easily find his house?yes.everyone in this city knew him，so we had his house.ano difficulties findingbnot trouble in findingcno difficulty to finddno difficulty finding答案d解析have no difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.做某事没有困难。3 fired，your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.awould you be bshould you beccould you be dmight you be答案b解析考查虚拟条件句的倒装。虚拟条件句的从句部分含有were，should或had时，可省略if，再把were，should或had移到从句的句首，实行倒装。句意为：即使你被解雇了，医疗保险和其他福利也不会马上中断。4this printer is of good quality.if it break down within the first year，we would repair it at our expense.awould bshouldccould dmight答案b解析句意为：这台打印机质量很好。如果第一年坏了，我们免费保修。虚拟语气中表示将来时间的条件句有三种，以此句为例，则应为：if it broke down/if it were to break down/if it should break down。.汉译英他们发现很难和她相处。(it作形式宾语)they found it difficult to get along with her.1sarah made to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.(2012大纲全国，9)aherself bthiscthat dit答案d解析句意为：今天早上，萨拉及时抵达机场并赶上了飞机。make it是固定短语，意为“成功，达到预定目标”。解答本题的关键是句中的副词just，表示刚好赶上了飞机，说明萨拉“成功地达到了目的”。2new technologies have made possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.(2012四川，2)athat bthiscone dit答案d解析考查代词。题干为固定句型：makeitadj.to do。其中it作形式宾语，替代动词不定式to turn out new products f