高中英语 阶段检测一 北师大版必修5.doc

阶段检测一第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中,选出最佳选项。awill you be playing some music at work?music is particularly popular in the medical profession,especially among surgeons(外科医生).a recent survey shows that 90% of surgeons in the uk put music on the sound system in the theatre during operations.plastic surgeons(整形外科医生)play the most music,it appears;ear,nose,and throat specialists the least. but it isnt only in surgeries where music is popular.in another recent survey,one-third of the 1,613 people said they listen to music while working.and 79% of them said that humming(哼歌)along improves their job satisfaction or productivity.is listening to music at work a good idea?yes,say the experts.many surgeons say that music contributes to creating a “calm atmosphere”,and a third of them added that it avoids getting bored!also,listening to music raises the levels of a brain chemical that can help people focus.office workers say it improves job satisfaction.several studies suggest that its also good for hospital patients.those listening to music through headphones during surgery require less anaesthetic(麻醉剂),up to 50% less in some cases,and recover more quickly afterwards.“sure,music reduces anxiety before surgery,” says zeev kain,an anaesthetist at yale university.so,what type of music should we be listening to?surgeons from the previous survey favored rock,pop music and classical.and hip-hop is popular too.however,whatever the kind,it appears that self-selected music is the best choice.pennsylvania state university research showed that when people chose their own music there was more stress reduction.and other researchers found that when listening to self-selected music,surgeons did the maths faster and more accurately than when they were listening to music chosen for them.1.the underlined word “theatre” in paragraph 2 probably means .a.an operating roomb.a rest room for surgeonsc.a waiting room in a hospitald.a building where shows are performed提示:词义猜测题。由该词前后的surgeon和operation等词可以推断,theatre的意思是“手术室”。答案:a2.the surveys mentioned in the passage show .a.music is popular in many professionsb.most surgeons in the uk are music loversc.office workers learn a lot from listening to musicd.more than half the people listen to music at work提示:推理判断题。由第二、三段的两项调查可知,不只是医生喜欢在工作时听音乐,许多其他行业的人也都喜欢工作时听音乐,故a项正确。其余选项均答非所问。答案:a3.what are the advantages of listening to music at work?improving memorykeeping people relaxedimproving job satisfactionimproving eyesighta.b.c.d.提示:细节理解题。由第四段内容可知,办公室人员工作时听音乐有助于提升对工作的满意度;而病人手术前听音乐有助于缓解其紧张感,故正确,其余两项与文意不符,故选c项。答案:c4.how should you choose music for work time according to the passage?a.turn to the surgeons for help.b.make your selection by yourself.c.rock,pop music and classical are always good choices.d.the most popular music should be taken into consideration.提示:细节理解题。由最后一段第四句“however,whateverthekind,itappearsthatself-selectedmusicisthebestchoice.”可知,选择自己喜欢的音乐是最好的。答案:bbalthough the 1-year-old smartphone still works perfectly,many people already feel the need to replace it.there are many better ones available now and its time to upgrade the phone.shortly after the season when new gadgets are released,many consumers feel the urge to upgrade their electronic devices,even though the ones they have still work just fine.as consumers obsess(迷住)over apples newly released products and debate whether the google tablet is better than the new amazon kindle,it might be time to take a step back and ask,“do we really need the latest upgrades?”newpsychology:“planned obsolescence(计划报废)” is the trick behind the upgrading culture of todays consumer electronics industry.electronics manufactures strategically release new upgrades periodically,both for hardware and software,so that customers on every level feel the need to buy the newest version.this is an old-time tricktheyre not inventing anything new.this is a wasteful system through which companies release shoddy products simply because “in six months or a year,theyll put out a new one”.but the new psychology of consumers is part of this system,“people now want something new,something pretty,the next shiny thing.”hugeprofits:“its to the detriment of the consumer and the environment,but perhaps to the betterment of the stockholder.apples profit margin was more than 21 percent,hewlett-packard,the worlds biggest pc manufacturers profit was only 7 percent.apples annual upgrades of its products generate sales of millions of units as owners of one years macbook or iphone line up to buy the newest version,even when the changes are incremental.”peerpressure:the need for upgrading the smartphone comes mainly from friends and classmates.when the majority of friends are switching to the latest devices,people worry about feeling left out.some apps and games require better hardware to run.if you dont join in,you lose part of the connection to your friends.5.why do many people urge to buy better electronic products?a.because their old ones are too old to use.b.because they have no choice but to upgrade their old phones.c.because it can bring them huge profits for their life.d.because they are affected by their emotions and environment.提示:推理判断题。由第二段以及最后一段的内容可知,之所以很多人匆忙更换电子产品是由心理因素和周围环境因素造成的,因此选d项。答案:d6.which of the following is not true according to the text?a.most of the people feel no need to replace new electronic products.b.many consumers feel the urge to upgrade their electronic devices.c.many better ones are available waited to be upgraded.d.not all the people are willing to buy the new devices immediately.提示:细节理解题。由第一段第一句的后半部分“.manypeoplealreadyfeeltheneedtoreplaceit.”可知,面对电子产品的更新换代,许多人认为有必要去更换,故a项是错误的。答案:a7.what do electronics manufactures make use of about the “newest” version?a.the hardware and software.b.the huge profits.c.the new psychology.d.the peer pressure.提示:推理判断题。由第四段尤其是该段最后一句话中的“.peoplenowwantsomethingnew,somethingpretty,thenextshinything.”可知电子产品制造商是利用用户喜欢新鲜事物的心理来吸引消费者的,故选c项。答案:cca study by talent management expert ddi reveals that one in three employees dont consider their boss to be doing an effective job,while nearly half of workers think they could do their bosss job better than them.conducted as a way to determine what todays leaders are doing right and what they are doing wrong,the research also finds that fewer than 40 percent of employees are motivated by their supervisor to give their best effort.much of the dissatisfaction comes from supervisors unwillingness to listen to their employees.thirty-five percent of the surveyed workers say their boss never,or only sometimes,listens to their work-related concerns.additionally,only 54 percent of supervisors involve employees in making decisions that affect their work.the study also shows too many leaders arent delivering on the basic requirementscourtesy(好意),respect,honesty and tact in their interactionsof a healthy manager/employee relationship.sixty percent of those surveyed report their boss has damaged their self-esteem,while nearly one-third of employees say their supervisor doesnt remain calm when discussing problems.the lack of faith in their boss is forcing many to consider other employment.nearly 40 percent of those surveyed say they leave a job primarily because of their leader,while more than half say their negative perception of a boss has them contemplating finding a new employer.there are areas,however,where supervisors score high marks.the research shows 74 percent of workers understand their bosss expectations of them,while 66 percent say their manager provides the support they need.the research is based on surveys of more than 1,200 full-time employees from the united states,united kingdom,australia,canada,china,germany,india and southeast asia.8.whats the best title for the passage?a.the boss doesnt do an effective jobb.hate your boss?youre not alonec.whats your attitude towards your boss?d.is your boss satisfied with you?提示:主旨大意题。文章讲述了三分之一的雇员认为老板的工作没有成效,对老板心生怨恨等,故b项更符合全文内容。答案:b9.the aim of the study is to determine .a.what are the right things and wrong things the leaders are doingb.whether the employees are giving their best effectc.how the boss should motivate the employeesd.why some of the employees hate the bosses提示:细节理解题。由第二段中的“conductedasawaytodeterminewhattodaysleadersaredoingrightandwhattheyaredoingwrong”可知,a项与文意相符。答案:a10.what makes the employees unsatisfied is that .a.they are not paid regularlyb.the bosses dont pay them wellc.the working conditions are badd.the bosses are unwilling to listen to them提示:细节理解题。由第三段第一句可知,很多不满意都是老板不愿意听员工的意见造成的。答案:d11.some of the employees changed their job because .a.they lacked faith in their bossb.they wanted to get paid morec.their boss damaged their self-esteemd.their boss didnt remain calm提示:推理判断题。由“thelackoffaithintheirbossisforcingmanytoconsiderotheremployment”可知,许多人辞职是因为对老板缺乏信心。答案:adwhen debbie decided to pursue her dream of becoming a writer,she rented a typewriter,put it on the kitchen table,and began typing each morning after the kids went to school.when the kids came home,she moved the typewriter and made them dinner.when they went to bed,she moved it back and typed some more.for two years,debbie followed this routine.supermom had become a struggling writer and she was loving every minute of it.one night,however,her husband,wayne,sat her down and said,“honey,im sorry,but youre not bringing in any income.we cant do this anymore.we cant survive on just what i make.” that night,her heart was broken and her mind too busy to let her sleep.debbie knew that working 40 hours a week would leave her no time to write.seeing her despair,her husband woke up and asked,“whats wrong?”“i really think i could have made it as a writer,i really do.” wayne was silent for a long time,then sat up,turned on the light,and said,“all right,honey,go for it.” so debbie returned to her dream and her typewriter,pounding out page after page for another two years.her family went without vacations,pinched pennies,and wore hand-me-downs.but the sacrifice and the persistence finally paid off.after five years of struggling,debbie sold her first book.then another.and another.until finally,today,over 60 million copies of her books are in print,and she has millions of loyal fans.and wayne?all that sacrifice in support of his wife paid off handsomely.he got to retire at age 50 and now spends his time building an airplane in the basement of their 7,000 squarefoot mansion.debbies kids got a gift far more important than a few summer camps.as adults,they realize what debbie gave them was far more importantpermission and encouragement to pursue their own dreams.12.her husband asked her to give up writing because .a.he wanted her to do more housework rather than just writeb.she couldnt earn any money and it was hard for them to make ends meetc.he wanted her to find a betterpaid job that interested herd.he thought keeping up a house was a wifes responsibility提示:细节理解题。根据第二段可知她的丈夫感到自己一个人挣钱实在难以应付家庭的开支,希望她能放弃写作,去挣钱分担家庭的负担,故b项符合题意。答案:b13.which of the following statements is true according to the passage?a.debbie spent 40 hours in writing a week before she succeeded as a writer.b.debbies family often went out on vacations without her.c.debbies husband gave up his own job to support her writing.d.debbies success has brought her lots of money.提示:细节理解题。根据倒数第二、三段可知,debbie作为一个职业作家获得了巨大的成功,改善了家人的生活条件,故d项符合文意。答案:d14.we can infer from the last paragraph that .a.wayne doesnt benefit from her wifes successb.debbie has great influence on her childrens going after their dreamsc.debbies kids all realized their dreams as adultsd.debbie is a failure as a mother while she is a success as a writer提示:推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,debbie支持鼓励她的孩子追求梦想,给了孩子们比野营更重要的礼物,debbie对她的孩子追求梦想有着极大的影响,故b项正确。答案:b15.whats probably the best title for the passage?a.go for itb.a great motherc.union is strengthd.writing pays more提示:主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了debbie坚持不懈地追逐自己的梦想,并取得成功的故事,告诉我们要努力争取,坚持不懈。goforit表示“努力争取”,形象地表达了文章的主旨。答案:a第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。there is an english saying:“16” until recently,few people took the saying seriously.now,however,doctors have begun to look into laughter and the effects it has on the human body.17tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body.people watched funny films while doctors checked their hearts,blood pressure,breathing and muscles.it was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise.18if laughter exercises the body,it must be beneficial.other tests have shown that laughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on the body.in one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs.the group that tolerated(忍耐)the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny program.1920they have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing,making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter.a.laughter can prolong ones life.b.laughter is the best medicine.c.they have found that laughter really can improve peoples health.d.although laughter helps cure the disease,doctors still can not put this theory into clinic practice.e.it increases blood pressure,the heart beating and breathing;it also works several groups of muscles in the face,the stomach and even the feet.f.as a result of these discoveries,some doctors in the united states now hold laughter clinics in which they help to improve their patients condition by encouraging them to laugh.g.the reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce a kind of chemicals in the brain which diminish both stress and pain.答案:1620 bcegf第二部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。i was told just now in the hospital that i was having a bells palsy attack,a condition in which the face muscles tighten because of stress.during the long car ride home,all i could think about was my coming interview.but now i could not even 21 myself in the mirror and my lips was unable to open normally,surely all the other applicants would have the 22,i concluded.however,i wouldnt let my own self-consciousness 23 me.not now,not when i had 24 so hard for so long to be given this opportunity.this was the kind of position id dreamed of for all these years.“mom,25 me off on jacob street.im going to the 26.”“honey,i dont think you should.you look.27,”she said,ever so gently.i knew she was 28.but if i didnt,id always 29 if i could have gotten my dream job.“no,mom,take me there.”30,she took me where i wanted to go.“hello,”a gray-haired man sitting behind the large desk 31 me.“miss jenkins?”“yes.please excuse me.im having a bells palsy attack.my doctor explained to me that it would last a few days.i came right from the 32.”“youre very 33 to come when youre in such a state,”he 34,after a pause.he spent a few minutes looking through my 35.“is everything on here 36?”he asked.“yes,but i 37 to mention i type seventy-five words per minute.”“well,you have an impressive background with related experience,you are 38 qualified.when are you 39?”he asked.i took a deep breath and asked,“youre hiring me?”“not only have you got the skills im looking for,you also have the 40.”he gave me a big smile.21.a.recognizeb.forgivec.believed.control提示:由于面部肌肉扭曲,照镜子时我都认不出自己了。recognize“辨认出,辨别出”,符合语境。答案:a22.a.chanceb.advantagec.couraged.sympathy提示:面部肌肉变得僵硬,说话也受到影响,其他参加面试的人自然就比我有优势了。advantage优势,有利条件,符合语境。答案:b23.a.pardonb.helpc.stopd.transform提示:然而我不想让自己的意识阻碍自己(去参加面试)。答案:c24.a.drivenb.turnedc.preparedd.worked提示:从语境看,作者说这是她多年来梦想的职位,因此不是她为得到这个位置而准备了很长时间,而是经过多年刻苦工作,才终于有了这个机会。答案:d25.a.takeb.pullc.dropd.send提示:dropsb.off“(用车)顺路送(某人到某地),顺便把(某物/人)送至(某处)”,符合语境。答案:c26.a.interviewb.supermarketc.doctord.office提示:从语境可知,作者决定还是要去参加这次面试。答案:a27.a.weakb.stubbornc.stranged.angry提示:上文讲到此时的我照镜子都几乎认不出自己,妈妈心疼我,温柔地说,可是你看起来那么不正常。解题时要注意句中的省略号。文章没有提到作者身体虚弱(weak);妈妈说话温和,因此不是责怪作者固执或生气。答案:c28.a.kindb.rightc.wrongd.sensitive提示:妈妈说的没错,这一点我心里明白。答案:b29.a.regretb.believec.wonderd.quit提示:假如我不去参加面试,我会总是想我是否本来可以得到这个我梦寐以求的工作呢?答案:c30.a.hopefullyb.unwillinglyc.fortunatelyd.unexpectedly提示:结合上下文和所提供的选项可知,妈妈很不情愿地把我送到我要去的地方。答案:b31.a.doubtedb.examinedc.greetedd.discouraged提示:注意情景的跳跃与转换。“你好,你是jenkins小姐吗?”显然这里是面试的考官在和我打招呼,因此选c项。答案:c32.a.hospitalb.homec.officed.work提示:结合语境判断选a项,我刚从医院赶过来,医生说我患了面部神经麻痹,可能这种情况会持续几天才会恢复。答案:a33.a.crazyb.determinedc.disrespectfuld.funny提示:处于这样的状态,还能来参加面试,可见作者是真有毅力。答案:b34.a.stressedb.interruptedc.commentedd.complained提示:从四个动词选项看,本题应该选c项,comment“评论,评价”。这句话是他对我抱病参加面试的评价。答案:c35.a.faceb.healthc.situationd.application提示:从下文考官的话可知他是在看我的申请表。答案:d36.a.correctb.normalc.incredibled.contradictory提示:从下文作者的回答(是的)判断选a项,考官问道:你这份申请表上提供的信息都是准确的吧?其他选项normal“正常的”;incredible“难以置信的”;contradictory“相矛盾的”,均不符合语境。答案:a37.a.pretendedb.focusedc.failedd.demanded提示:结合语境,此处意为:不过在申请表中我忘了说,我的打字速度是每分钟75个。答案:c38.a.narrowlyb.certainlyc.possiblyd.impossibly提示:既然作者有给人印象深刻的相关工作经历和背景,那么作者“当然”符合条件了。答案:b39.a.accessibleb.convenientc.energeticd.available提示:你什么时候可以来报到上班呢?这里用available表示“可以得到的,可用的”。答案:d40.a.appearanceb.characterc.qualificationd.disadvantage提示:显然,作者的勇气与毅力也就是她坚毅的性格给考官留下了深刻的印象。答案:b第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?in 1969,the pollution was terrible alo