【优化方案】高考英语第二轮专题复习 专题十九 阅读补全提分训练.doc

专题十九阅读补全urbanization(2013高考北京卷)until relatively recently，the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city.the first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago._71_in fact，nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural (乡村的) villages.it was not until the 20th century that great britain became the first urban society in historya society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.britain was only the beginning._72_the process of urbanizationthe migration (迁徙) of people from the countryside to the citywas the result of modernization，which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live.in 1990，fewer than 40% of americans lived in urban areas.today，over 82% of americans live in cities.only about 2% live on farms._73_large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized.even in advanced agricultural societies，it took about ninetyfive people on farms to feed five people in cities._74_until modern times，those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精英) and the servants，laborers and professionals who served them.cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.over the past two centuries，the industrial revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country._75_today，instead of needing ninetyfive farmers to feed five city people，one american farmer is able to feed more than a hundred nonfarmers.athat kept cities very small.bthe rest live in small towns.cthe effects of urban living on people should be considered.dsoon many other industrial nations became urban societies.ebut even 200 years ago，only a few people could live in cities.fmodernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.gmodern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.【语篇解读】本文为说明文，介绍了urbanization(都市化)的形成与发展。71解析：选e。文章一开始就提到绝大多数的人没有看到城市就死了。第一座城市很可能建于5 500年以前；后一句又提到：几乎每个人都住在农场或者小乡村里。因此中间要填的是e项：甚至是在200年以前，也只有少数的人生活在城市里。72解析：选d。文章第一段说英国是第一个成为城市化社会的国家。第二段接着说英国仅仅是个开始，这是因为许多别的工业国家也开始效仿英国，成为城市化的社会，因此d项为正确答案。73解析：选b。现在有超过82%的美国人住在城市里，大约有2%的人住在农场；剩下大约16%的人住在别的地方，即b项所描述的：其余的住在小城镇里。74解析：选a。上一句提到：即使在先进的农业社会，也需要大约95个农民养活5个城市人，这只有一个结果：这使得城市很小。75解析：选f。前一句提到：在过去的两百年里，工业革命打破了城乡之间的平衡。后一句提到：现在的情况不是需要95个农民养活5个城市人，在美国1个农民就能养活100多个非农民。那中间只能填f项：现代化把更多的人吸引到城市里来，使得农民更加多产。forgiveness(2013高考辽宁卷)to forgive is a virtue，but no one has ever said it is easy.when someone has deeply hurt you，it can be extremely difficult to let go of your hate.however，forgiveness is possible，and it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical and mental health.people who forgive show less sadness，anger and stress and more hopefulness，according to a recent research._71_ try the following steps：calm yourself._72_ you can take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure：a beautiful scene in nature，or someone you love.dont wait for an apology.many times the person who hurt you does not intend to apologize.they may have wanted to hurt you or they just dont see things the same way._73_ keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset you.take the control away from your offender(冒犯者)rethinking about your hurt gives power to the person who caused you pain.instead of focusing on your wounded feelings，learn to look for the love，beauty and kindness around you._74_ if you understand your offender，you may realize that he or she was acting out of unawareness，fear，and even love.you may want to write a letter to yourself from your offenders point of view.dont forget to forgive yourself._75_ but it can rob you of your selfconfidence if you dont do it.awhy should you forgive?bhow should you start to forgive?crecognize the benefits of forgiveness.dtry to see things from your offenders angle.efor some people，forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.fto make your anger die away，try a simple stressmanagement technique.gif you wait for people to apologize，you could be waiting an awfully long time.【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。原谅冒犯你的人对你的身心健康大有裨益，但是该如何去原谅他们呢？可通过以下几个步骤：使自己冷静下来；不要等待他人道歉；摆脱冒犯者对你的控制；从冒犯者的角度看问题以及原谅自己。71解析：选b。本句起到承上启下的作用，根据“try the following steps.”可知答案，b项以问句的形式引出下文。72解析：选f。f项中的make your anger die away与calm yourself意思一致。73解析：选g。本段指出，不要等待他人道歉。因为许多时候伤害你的人就没打算道歉，他们也许故意想要伤害你或者和你看问题的方式不同，如果等待他人道歉，就会等相当长的时间。g项中的wait for people to apologize与本段标题一致。74解析：选d。根据if you understand your offender以及from your offenders point of view可看出，本段标题为d项，即“从冒犯者的角度看问题”。75解析：选e。本段标题为“不要忘记原谅你自己”与e项中的forgiving themselves一致，并且e项与后面的句子之间正好用but连接，有转折的语气。(2013高考四川卷)james，can i have some black tea?sure，_51_well，just a little，please.two teaspoons?_52_i have gained some weight these days.(minutes later.)how nice it is!_53_yes，please.do you mind me smoking here?_54_i dont want to have secondhand smoke.would you like some cookies，instead？eating more and smoking less will