高考英语一轮 语法专题12 形容词和副词01 译林牛津版.doc

2014高考英语译林牛津一轮语法专题（12）（形容词和副词01）语法专题十二形容词和副词高考预练1、people have always been about exactly how life on earth began.a. curious b. excited c. anxious d. careful答案：a. 考点：考查形容词的意义和用法。句意：人们一直对于地球生命的起源感到好奇。解析：根据介词about后面宾语从句的意义，可以确定前面表示的是好奇，be curious about 是“对感到好奇”的意思。 2、 in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the palace museum.a. anything b. nothing c. everything d. something答案：b. 考点：考查复合不定代词的用法。句意：我一生中什么都没有我第一次参观故宫给我的印象更深刻。解析：nothing用于句中表示否定意义，而其他三个词则表示肯定意义。3、professor johnson, im afraid i cant finish the report within this week. how about next week?a. good for you b. it wont bother me c. not at all d. thats ok答案：d. 考点：考查交际用语。句意：约翰逊教授，恐怕我这周完不成报告。 好的，下周怎么样？解析：根据后面的how about next week，可以看出，johnson教授已经确认这周完不成报告没关系，所以，用thats ok。4、can you believe i had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?you should try the barbers i go. its only 15.a. as b. which c. where d. that答案：c. 考点：考查定语从句。句意：你能相信我理一次发得花20美元吗？你应该到我去的那家理发店试试，只需要15美元。解析：句中the barbers 是先行词，从句中go 是不及物动词，所选关系代词在从句中作状语，所以要用where。5、mark have hurried. after driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.a. neednt b. wouldnt c. mustnt d. couldnt 答案：a. 考点：考查情态动词。句意：迈克本来不必要那么忙的。这么高速驾驶之后，他早半个小时到达了。解析：根据后面的语境，提前半个小时到达，说明mark本来不必那么匆忙，所以用neednt have done 结构，表示“本来不必要做某事的而实际上做了”。 6、traditional folk arts of tianjin like paper cutting at the culture show of the 2010 shanghai world expo.a. are exhibiting b. is exhibiting c. are being exhibited d. is being exhibited答案：c. 考点：考查被动语态。句意：想剪纸一样的天津民间传统艺术品正在2010上海世博会的文化展览中展出。解析：因为2010年上海世博会现在还在进行着，所以像剪纸一样的天津传统民间艺术品也是“正在被展览”，所以用现在进行时态的的被动语态形式。7、joining the firm as a clerk, he got rapid promotion , and as a manager.a. ended up b. dropped out c. came back d. started off 答案：a 考点：考查短语动词的用法。句意：作为一名职员加入公司，他很快得到提升，最后当上了经理。解析：ended up as 作为而结束的意思；dropped out是“退出，退学”的意思；came back是“回来”的意思；started off是“动身，出发”的意思。只有a项符合题意。8、it rained heavily in the south， serious flooding in several provinces.a. caused b. having caused c. causing d. to cause 答案：c. 考点：考查非谓语动词。句意：南方下了大雨，在几个省区造成严重洪灾。解析：空格后serious flooding是rained heavily的后果，而且句子主语it和cause之间存在主动关系，所以此处要用动词的ing形式作结果状语。9、my father warned me going to the west coast because it was crowded with tourists.a. by b. on c. for d. against答案：d. 考点：考查介词用法。句意：我父亲警告我不要去西海岸，因为那里挤满了游客。解析：句中谓语动词warned和介词against搭配，构成warn sb. against doing sth.相当于warn sb. not to do sth， 意思是“警告某人不要干某事”。10、as a new graduate, he doesnt know it takes to start a business here.a. how b. what c. when d. which 答案： b. 考点：考查名词性从句。句意：作为一名新毕业生，他不知道需要什么才能在这里开始经营。解析：空格后的从句中takes是动词，其后缺少宾语，所以引导该宾语从句的连接词要用what。 形容词用来修饰名词，常放在名词前作定语，或者放在系动词后面作表语。而副词则用来修饰形容词、动词、其他副词或者整个句子，其位置比较灵活。高考经常考查形容词和副词的辨析，以及副词短语的辨析。考点一形容词作定语的排列顺序几个并列的形容词作定语，其语序通常为：限定语（a，the，these） 数量形容词（two，three）描绘性形容词（beautiful）大小、长短、高低等形体性形容词（large，long，high） 新旧或年龄（old）颜色（red）国籍（chinese）材料（wool，steel） 目的或用途 名词。an old brown woolen carpet 一件旧的棕色羊毛地毯考点二倍数表达法1a is倍数比较级thanb2a is倍数as原级asb3a is倍数the名词（size，length，height 等）ofb4a is倍数thatofb5a is倍数what 引导的名词性从句this building is three times higher than that one.this building is three times as high as that one.this building is three times the height of that one.这个建筑物是那个建筑物的三倍高。the output of this year is 3 times that of 2012.the output of this year is 3 times what it was in 2012.今年的产量是2012年的三倍。考点三形容词、副词的比较级1“as形容词（a/an）名词as”表示同级比较，注意中间的形容词和名词并列时各自所在的位置。it is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.人们普遍认为教学既是一门科学，也是一门艺术。2“as形容词/副词的原级as”与“not as/so形容词/副词的原级as”表示同级比较，即两个或两部分人或物在性质上或程度上相同（不同）。the work is not as/so difficult as you imagine.这工作没有你想象的那么难。3“the比较级of the two 名词”表示“两者中较的那个”。the taller of the two boys is my cousin.两个男孩中个子高的那个是我表哥。4a形容词比较级名词表示“一个更的”。if you study hard，you are sure to have a better future.如果你努力学习，你一定会有个更好的未来。5比较级的修饰语常见的有：rather，much，still，even，far，any（用于否定句或疑问句），a lot，a little，a great deal，by far，a bit 等。by far用于比较级时，一般放在比较级的后面，如在前面，应在二者中间加“the”。he is by far the taller of the two brothers.他目前是两兄弟中较高的。6表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时，用“the比较级（主语谓语），the比较级（主语谓语）”的结构（意为“越越”）。the more we do for the old people，the happier we feel.为老人做得越多，我们就越快乐。7不与其他事物相比，表示本身程度的改变时，用“比较级and比较级”的结构，表示“越来越”。the girl becomes more and more beautiful.那个女孩变得越来越漂亮。8no比较级than表示“和一样不”。he is no taller than his brother.他和他哥哥一样矮。9more.than.表示一个人两种品质的比较，意为“与其倒不如”。he is more shy than unfriendly.与其说他不友善，还不如说他腼腆。考点四形容词与副词的最高级1最高级的修饰语常见的有：序数词，by far，nearly，almost，by no means，not really， not quite等。the bridge being built now is by far the longest across the yellow river.正在修建的那座桥是目前横跨黄河的最长的桥。2否定词比较级最高级。i have never seen a better film.我从未看过更精彩的电影。（这是我看过的最精彩的）3“比较级than any other单数名词”表示最高级意义，意思为“比其他任何都”。he is taller than any other boy in his class.他比他班里其他男孩都高。考点五常用as.as.结构的词组1as long as 只要；有之久 i will work as long as i live.只要活着，我就要工作。2as far as 到地点；就而言as far as i know，he is reliable.就我所知，他是一个可靠的人。3as high as高达the average cost of one day in a hospital in that country can run as high as $400.在那个国家里一天的平均住院费用可高达400美元。4as soon as 一就i will call you up as soon as i get there.我一到那里就给你打电话。5as well as 既又；和一样好he who plays the piano as well as his father has experience as well as knowledge.他弹钢琴与他父亲一样好，既有知识又有经验。6as good as 与一样；几乎；简直；和一样好he is as good as dead.他如同死了一般。考点六兼有两种形式的副词其中一种形式与形容词相同，另一种形式是在形容词后加后缀ly。这两种形式的副词表示的意义不同。常见的有：close接近（指距离）closely仔细地，密切地free免费freely自由地，自如地deep深deeply深刻地，深入地hard努力地hardly几乎不wide宽阔widely广泛地high高highly高度地late晚、迟lately近来near邻近nearly几乎most最mostly主要地；绝大多数地pretty 相当地prettily 优美地just 正好justly 公正地i can hardly believe that he doesnt work hard.我几乎不能相信他工作不努力。考点七无比较意义的比较级句型归纳1no more than only 只有，仅仅，只不过there are no more than a hundred people in the hall.大厅里只有100人。2not more thanat the most 不超过，至多there are not more than a hundred people in the hall.大厅里至多100人。3no less than 多达，不少于he walks no less tha