上海大学中级翻译考试资料之散文翻译等.doc

篇章翻译（汉译英）1.幸福许多人认为当他们富有，取得成功时，幸福自然就会随之而来。我告诉你：事实并非如此。世界上有很多富人，但是他们却很痛苦，犹如生活在地狱中。在我看来，如果你是通过运气或是不诚实的手段而获得钱财，你会知道那并不是辛苦挣来的钱；如果通过利用别人或是伤害别人而获得钱财，你不会因此高兴。你会认为自己是个卑鄙的人。长期的幸福是建立在诚实，有成果的工作，贡献和自尊的基石上的。幸福并不是终点，而是种过程。那是一个持续地通过诚实，有成果的工作为他人奉献的过程，这样做也会让你感到自己是一个有用的且有价值的人。如果你等待某些事情的发生或依靠生活的外部环境来让你自己感到幸福，你总也不会感到满足。总会有些事与你失之交臂On Happiness1Many people think that when they become rich and successful，happiness will naturally follow.Let me tell you that nothing is further from the truth.The world is full of very rich people who are miserable as if they were living in hell.To my mind，If you obtain wealth through luck or dishonest means，you will know that it is ill earned money .If you get your money by taking advantage of others or by hurting others, you will not be happy with it.You will think you are a base person. Longterm happiness is based on honesty， productive work， contribution， and selfesteem.Happiness is not an end; it is a process.It is a continuous process of honest， productive work which makes a real contribution to others and makes you feel you are a useful, worthy person. If you wait for certain things to happen and depend on external circumstances of life to make you happy, you will always feel unfulfilled. There will always be something missing.。2. 行路难，但人生之路谁都要走。有的人在赶路，心急切切，步急匆匆。眼中只有目标却忽略了风景。可路迢迢不知哪儿是终点。有的人如游客，不急不慌，走走停停，看花开花落，看云卷云舒，有时也在风中走，雨中行，心却像张开的网，放过焦躁苦恼。人生之路谁不走？只是走路别忽略了一路的良辰美景。2. To go on a journey is often full of hardships, but so long as one lives he proceeds on his lifes journey. Different people go along differently. Some take hasty steps in anxiety. Obsessed with reaching the next goal in time, they spare no time for sightseeing along the way, nor do they have a clear view of where their long roads end. Others travel leisurely like tourists. They would take time off now and then for a look at blooming flowers or fallen petals. They would stop to admire clouds gathering and dispersing. Even when they go against the wind or are caught in the rain, they never get annoyed, for worries slip off their minds as from an open net.Everyone goes his way in life. What makes a difference is: does he have a pleasant trip enjoying the landscape along the way?3. 我最大的爱好是沉思默想。我可以一个人长时间地独处而感到愉快。独享欢乐是一种愉快，独自忧伤也是一种愉快。孤独的时候，精神不会是一片纯粹的空白，它仍然是一个丰富多彩的世界。情绪上的大欢乐和大悲痛往往都是在孤独中产生的。孤独中，思维可以不依照逻辑进行。孤独更多地产生人生的诗情激昂的和伤感的。孤独可以使人的思想向更遥远更深邃的地方伸展，也能使你对自己或环境作更透彻的认识和检讨。3. My greatest avocation is musing. I can stay by myself for a long time without feeling disconsolate in the least. Happiness enjoyed alone is a pleasure, so is sorrow tasted privately. In solitude, the mind is not a complete blank; it remains a rich and colorful world. Solitude often induces ecstasy or anguish, and allows thinking to wander in a random way. She inspires the mood for poems, passionate or pathetic. She also enables people to think further and deeper and to have a more thorough understanding and examination of themselves and their environment.4. 一个人的生命究竟有多大意义。这有什么标准可以衡量吗? 提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难；但是，大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待工作、生活的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。 古来一切有成就的人，都很严肃地对待自己的生命，当他活着一天，总要尽量多劳动、多工作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。我国历代的劳动人民及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。 4. What is the significance of life? Is there any criterion for its measurement? Difficult as it is to advance an absolute one., it will not be so (difficult) to judge the very meaning of ones existence generally from whether he is serious about life and what his attitudes are towards work and life Throughout the ages，all people of accomplishment take their lives seriouslyAs long as they are alive，they would rather devote themselves to more work and study than let a single minute slip by in vainAnd the same is true of the common laborers as well as the great statesmen and thinkers in our country5. 大自然对人的恩赐。无论贫富，一律平等。所以人们对于大自然，全都一致并深深地依赖着。尤其在乡间，上千年来人们一直以不变的方式生活着。种植庄稼和葡萄，酿酒和饮酒，喂牛和挤奶，锄草和栽花；在周末去教堂祈祷和做礼拜，在节日到广场拉琴、跳舞和唱歌；往日的田园依旧是今日的温馨家园。这样每个地方都有自己的传说。风俗也就衍传了下来。5. The gifts of nature are equally granted to all human beings, be they rich or poorHence human beings are all heavily dependent on nature for livelihoodThis is particularly true of rural communities where people have lived in the same way for thousands of yearsThey plant crops and grapes, brew and drink wine，feed and milk cows，weed gardens and grow flowersThey go to church for prayer on weekends, play the violinsing and dance on squares at festivalsThe ageold farmland remains the sweet home of todayThus, every part of the world has its own folklores that are handed down together with its customs晴天霹雳 like a bolt from the blue袖手旁观 standing by with folded arms以卵击石 to throw an egg against a rock史无前例 to be without precedent in history易如反掌 as easy as turning ones hands over调虎离山 to lure the tiger from the mountain井底之蛙 to be like a frog at the bottom of a well口蜜腹剑 to be honey-mouthed and dagger-hearted牢不可破 to be so strongly built as to be indestructible火上浇油 to add fuel to the fire画蛇添足to paint the lily空中楼阁a castle in the air胆小如鼠as timid as a hare健壮如牛as strong as a horse直言不讳to call a spade a spade如履薄冰to be on the thin ice打草惊蛇to wake a sleeping dog对牛弹琴to cast pearls before swine赴汤蹈火to go through fire and water骄兵必败Pride comes before a fall.挥金如土to spend money like water一贫如洗as poor as a church mouse一箭双雕to kill two birds with one stone孤注一掷to put all ones eggs in one basket爱屋及乌Love me,love my dog.泰然自若as cool as cucumber重整旗鼓Tomorrow is another day.噤若寒蝉as mute as a fish班门弄斧to show off ones proficiency with axe before Lu Ban,the master carpenter跳进黄河也洗不清Even if one jumped into the Yellow River,one cannot wash oneself clean-there is nothing one can do to clear ones name.三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮The wit of three cobblers combined surpasses that of Zhuge Liang,the master mind.孟母三迁the mother of Mencius moved their home three times(Note:Tradition has it that Mrs. Meng,mother of Mencius,moved her home three times for an ideal neighborhood for the education of her son Mencius.The allusion is now used to describe those who move their homes for the desired environment for the education of their children.)东施效颦Dong Shi imitating Xi Shi(Note:Xi Shi was a famous beauty in the ancient Chinese kingdom of Yue,Dong Shi was an ugly girl who tried to imitate her ways. )To go on a journey is often full of hardships,but so long as one lives,he proceeds on his lifes journey.Different people go along differently.Some take hasty steps in anciety.Obcessed with reaching the next goal in time,they spare no time for sightseeing along the way nor do they have a clear view of where their long roads end.Others travel leisurely like tourists.They would take time off now and then for a look at blooming flowers or fallen petals.They would stop to admire clouds gathering and dispersing.Even when they go against the wind or are caught in the rain,they never get annoyed,for worries slip off their minds as from an open wet.Everyone goes his way in life.What makes a difference is that:dose he have a pleasent trip enjoying the landscape along the way?Whas the significance of life?Is there any critrions for its measurement?Difficult as it is to advance an absolut