高中历史 Module 3 The violence of nature教案 外研版必修3(1).doc

module 3the violence of natureteaching aims:1. get the general information about the violence of nature.2. using the attributive clause to explain words.3. improve the students ability to give definitions of words.4. know the common enemies of our human being natural disasters and the ways of surviving.5. to grasp the usage of the past perfect passive and indirect speech.6. fully realize the characteristics of different natural disasters and the danger they caused, improve the confidence of overcoming them, and try to make contributions to the development of the whole society.7. to encourage the ss to be active and cooperative in the class8. understand the natural disasters of different area and multi-form intensity of all parts of the world 9. to strengthen their confidence of learning well in order to make a better world for our next generation.10. to let them know the ways of keeping them safe when some natural disasters occur.difficulties and importance:1. learn how to definite words, using the attributive clause2. how to change the direct speech into the indirect ones.3. improve the students ability of grasping the general idea of the passage. teaching method:1. task-based methodology 2. communicative approachteaching time:five periods:period 1 vocabulary and speaking, function giving a definitionperiod 2 reading and vocabularyperiod 3 grammar 1 the past perfect passive, listening and vocabularyperiod 4 grammar 2 indirect speech, speakingperiod 5 cultural corner, everyday english and writingteaching procedures:period onestep 1 warming uplook at the picture and answer the following questions. q1. have you ever heard of the tsunami in 2004 or experienced the wenchuan earthquake in 2008?q2. when and where did it happen?q3. what kind of damage did it cause?q4. can you list some of other natural disasters?q5. tsunamis are natural occurrences. can human beings stop them?suggested answers:q1. yes.q2. at the end of 2004, a massive earthquake sent tsunamiinto indian ocean coastline. many countries, regions, villages and people suffered from it. on may 12th, 2008, a devastating/massive earthquake struck/fell on the area of wenchuan in sichuan province.q3. sri lanka, indonesia, thailand, india, malaysia and east africa were destroyed by the monster waves, causing millions of deaths.it caused over 70,000 people dead, more than 400,000 people injured or missing, and lay waste to large areas. it took the lives of more than 69,000, caused extensive damage in dozens of towns and cities, and displaced millions from their homes.q4. volcano, flood, fire, drought, landslide/snowslide, earthquake, tornado(龙卷风), hurricane and so on.q5. no. tsunamis are a natural occurrence related to the processes that shape the earths surface earthquakes, volcanoes, and landslides. these processes are driven by the heat escaping from the earth and gravity, and people cannot control these underlying forces.step 2 vocabulary learningmatch the words in the box with their definitions. flood hurricane lightning thunderstorm tornado1. a lot of water in an area which is usually dry 2. a very strong wind or storm3. a lot of rain falling quickly, with loud noises and flashes of light4. the flash of light which happens during a thunderstorm5. a column of air that turns very quickly.keys: a flood is a lot of water in an area which is usually dry. a hurricane is a very strong wind and storm. lightning is the flash of light which occurs during a thunderstorm. a thunderstorm is a lot of rain falling quickly, with loud noises and flashes of light. a tornado is a column of air that turns very quickly.step 3 functiontry to find the common characteristic of the sentences above.suggested answers: each sentences gives a definition of a word. the attributive clause appears in each sentence. when we give a definition of a word, the attributive clause is usually necessary and hopeful. wed better learn to use the structure “a is b that/which”step 4 practicegive definitions of the words following the pattern “a is b that/which”.an earthquake a volcanic eruption a plane crashsuggested answers:1. an earthquake happens when the earth shakes because of movement underground.2. a volcanic eruption is that lava and ash coming out of a volcano.3. a plane crash is that a plane stopping flying and crashing into the earth.step 5 discussions1. which kind of these natural disasters have ever experienced? can you describe it?2. have you ever read a news story about one of the events? can you describe it?3. do you know anything about the events? for example, what causes them?step 6 homework1. surf the internet in order to have a better understanding of natural disasters. 2. preview the passage in reading and vocabulary.period twostep 1 pre-readingread about the gulf steam and check the meaning of the words:1. what is a current? (a) a kind of electricity (b) a movement of water (c) a kind of wind 2. what kind of things flow? (a) water (b) time (c) money3. if two places are on the same latitude, they are on the same line _ (a) east/west (b) north/southsuggested answers: b. a . a step 2 while-readinga. skimming read the passage quickly and silently. find the words and expressions in the passages and match them with the definition. bury disaster feather fur occur tropical 1. you can see this on an animal _ 2. describing the hottest parts of the earth, north and south of the equator _ 3. a terrible event _ 4. you can see these on a bird _ 5. to place in the ground or tomb _6. to happen _suggested answers: 1. fur 2. tropical 3. disaster 4. feather 5. bury 6. occurb. detailed-readingread the passage carefully and answer the following questions. 1. how strong are tornado winds? more than 400 km/h.2. what can happen to furniture when a house is destroyed by a tornado? it stays where it was.3. how many tornadoes are there in the us every year? about 800.4. how many people died in the worst tornado of all time? more than 700.5. what happens at sea during a hurricane? it has huge waves.6. when was the worst hurricane of all time? 8th september, 1900.7. was the actor charles coghland killed in it? no, he wasnt.8. what happened to him after the hurricane? his coffin was dropped in the sea by a hurricane and carried to canada by the gulf stream.step 3 post-readingread the passage again and fill in the form with suitable words.tornadohurricanedefinitiona rotating column of air from a thunderstorm to the ground.strong tropical storm.times800 in the us each year6 atlantic hurricanes each year placefrom texas in the southeast to south dakota in the northoccur in the southern atlantic ocean, the caribbean sea and the gulf of mexicophenomenahave winds of more than 400 kilometers per hourviolent winds of 120 kilometers per hour or more, bad resultspick up cars, trains and even houses and put them down in the next street; take the fur and feathers off; destroy houses but leave the furniture where it wascause huge waves, heavy rain and floodsthe worst example occurred in 1925occurred on the 8th september 1900 in galveston, texas.step 4 language explanations1almost all of them occur in the us, in the area from texas in the southeast to south dakota in the north.occur: 此处意为“发生”，不及物动词，没有被动语态。如：about 400 earthquakes occur worldwide every day, and more than a hundred thousand in a year.【辨析】：happen, occur, take place happen：多用于偶发事情。happen to do sth 意为“碰巧/恰巧”；happen to sb意为“发生在某人身上” 。do you happen to know his telephone number? if anything happens to you, tell me at once.occur：多指意外事故、自然灾害的发生，指“偶然性”时比happen弱。 sth occur to sb“突然想到”。the terrible traffic accident occurred on the no 318 highway in the morning.this idea suddenly occurred to me.take place：不带有“偶然”之意，常指经过安排的事情的发生。the may 4th movement took place in 1919.2there are violent winds of 120 kms per hour or more, which cause huge waves, heavy rain and floods.cause：vt. 此处意为“导致、引起”，后接名词、代词作宾语，也可接不定式作复合宾语，还可接双宾语。what caused his illness? the old car has caused me a lot of trouble.cause：n. “原因，起因”，后可接of 短语或不定式。 the cause of the accident was carelessness.【辨析】：cause: 强调导致某种结果的原因，即指事物发生的直接原因。the heavy rain was the cause of the flood.reason: 作名词，意为“理由，原因”，着重指在逻辑推理上引出的结论的原因，其后介词多用for。如：he has no good reason for doing that.注意：cause 后不接why 引导的定语从句，而reason 后则可。如：the reason why he died young was that he didnt pay attention to his health.3they can destroy houses, but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was. (page 23)* destroy： vt. 在此处意为“破坏, 毁坏”。 the building was completely destroyed by the big fire.【辨析】：destroy：指通过某种有力的或粗暴的手段使之毁灭或无用，一般很难修复。如：all his hopes were destroyed by her letter of refusal.damage：指“损害，损失”，损坏后价值或效率降低，一般是部分性的，还能修复，多用于无生命名词。the earthquake damaged several buildings.injure：多指意外的伤害，在事故中受伤，大多造成容颜、功能的损害等。如：one of the players injured his knees and was carried off.* leave：此处作“使处于某状态”讲，宾补可以是介词短语、形容词、分词等。如：leave the door open, please. dont leave her waiting outside in the rain.leave sb. to do sth.：意为“交给（委托）某人干某事”，如：she will leave me to look after her baby. 他要委托我照看她的孩子。4tornadoes can pick up cars, trains and even houses and put them down in the next streetor even in the next town. (page 23)* pick up：在此意为“卷起、掀起”。the wind from northwest picked up dust and leaves on the ground.【拓展】： pick up的常见意思还有：1. 用车去接某人。如： ill pick you up on the corner of the street at three oclock.2. 偶然获得，学会（知识、语言等）。如： i picked up french when i lived in france.3. 振作起精神；恢复健康。如： pick up our courage and we will succeed at last.* put down 在此意为“放下”。 the pla men ordered the enemies to put down their arms.【拓展】：put down还有“记下，写下”之意。如：we should listen to our teacher carefully and put down the notes well in class.5on average, there are 800 tornadoes in the us each year, causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.on average = on an / the average 此处意为“平均”，是一个副词短语。如：how many classes do you have every day on average?step 5 homework1. retell the extraordinary event after class.2. finish the exercises 10-12 on page period threestep 1 presentationlook at these sentences and answer the questions.by the time the tornado ended, more than 700 people had been killed.coghlan traveled back to canada after he had been buried in texas.1. which event happened first? b da. the tornado ending b. 700 people dying c. traveling back to canada d. being buried in texas2. how can you show that one event happened before another?by using a tense which is further in the past (in this case the past perfect passive)step 2 explanation1. 被动语态 the passive voice 构成：be + 及物动词的过去分词 主动语态：workers make cars. 被动语态：cars are made by workers. 结 论：谓语动词的执行者作主语，谓语动词为主动语态；承受者作主语，谓语动词为被动语态。 主要用法： （1）当我们不知道动词的执行者是谁，或者动作的执行者是谁并不重要时，需要用被动语态。 rice is grown in north china. silk is produced in hangzhou. （2）当我们需要强调动词的承受者时，常用被动语态。 this knife is used for cutting paper. the key is used for looking and opening the door. 注意：a. 不及物动词通常不能构成被动语态。b. 情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词be及物动词的过去分词”。如：may + be + p.p be随着人称和时态而变化。2. 过去完成时态的被动语态过去完成时表示过去某个时间之前已经发完成的动作，即过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”。使用过去完成时，句子中通常要有明显的参照动作或时间状语，这种时态一般不孤立使用。其构成形式是had been / done被动形式是had been done。they said that their work had been finished. 他们说他们的工作已经完成了。he said that when to leave had been decided. 他说已经决定了什么时候离开。by the time i arrived at the bus station, my friend had been picked up.我到达车站时，我的朋友已经被人接走了。the work was done earlier than it had been planned. 工作比我原先计划的要早my computer had been all right until last monday. 我的计算机直到上星期一才恢复正常。step 3 practice read and finish the activities 2 and 3 with the right tenses and the voices. step 4 listeninga. pre-listening. before you listen to a conversation, answer the following questions.ash and lava poured down the mountain, setting fire to hundreds of houses.does this mean that a. a fire started or b. a fire ended? ahundreds of houses caught fire when the lava reached them.does this mean that the fire started because of (a) a person or (b) a natural event? bwe managed to get half the population to another island.does this mean it was (a) an easy thing to do or (b) a difficult thing to do? bwe put all the fires out.does this mean the fires(a) are still burning or (b) have finished? bb. while-listening listen and answer the following questions.1. where are they? in the center of plymouth, capital of monserrat2. who are the two people in the conversation? a reporter and frank savage, governor of the island3. is a volcanic eruption taking place now? no, it isnt4. how many people have already left the island? about 6,0005. how many people were killed by the eruption? none6. when will people be able to return to their homes? they dont knowc. post-listening.fill in the blanks with suitable words according to what you hear.r: im standing in the center of plymouth, the capital of montserrat, where just one week ago, a volcanic eruption took place. with me is frank savage, the governor of the island. mr. savage, thank you for talking to us.s: youre welcome.r: what exactly happened last week?s: well, the volcano erupted , and ash and lava poured down the mountain towards the sea. unfortunately, there are several villages in its path.r: that s terrible. was anybody hurt?s: no. luckily, we had plenty of warning and i told people who lived in the path of the ash and lava to lean the island. we managed to get half the population to another island before the eruption took place.r: why are you still here?s: well, im still working because theres a lot to do.r: how many people live on the island?s: eleven thousand people live here and about six thousand people have left?r: which areas are the most dangerous?s: well, the most dangerous places are between the volcano and the sea. there are a lot of villages there. and it was very dangerous. sadly, hundreds of houses caught fire when the lava reached them.r: oh, im very sorry to hear that.s: thankfully, no one was killed.r: are the houses still on fire?s: no. fortunately, we put all the fires out quite.r: thats very good news . well, its a beautiful sunny day here in plymouth. does this mean that the danger is over?s: no! the volcano could erupt again! people must understand that it is still very dangerous and they cant go back to their houses .r: ok-so thats the message from the governor-dont go back to our houses. when will people be able to return home?s: we dont know at the moment. hopefully, it wont be too long.r: thank you for your time, mr. savage.s: thank you.step 5 homework:1. review the grammar point we have learned. finish the exercises 1, 2 on page 79.period fourstep 1 presentationread these sentences and answer the following questions. im still working because there is a lot to do. eleven thousand people live here and six thousand left last week. does this mean that the danger is over? they cant go back to their houses. when will people be able to return home? he said that he was still working because there was a lot to do. he said that eleven thousand people lived there and six thousand had left. he asked if this meant that the danger was over. he said that they couldnt go back to their houses. the reporter asked when people would be able to return home.1. what are the tense changes in indirect speech?present simple becomes past simple; past simple remains past simple or becomes past perfect;present continuous become past continuous; present perfect becomes past perfect;2. which other words change? time phrases change3. what word is added when a yes/no question is reported? ifstep 2 explanations1. 陈述句变为以that引导的宾语从句。that在口语中常省略she said, “our train will arrive in five minutes.” she said (that) their train would arrive in five minutes.he said, “im very busy.” he said (that) he was very busy.2. 一般疑问句变成if/whether引导的宾语从句。he said, “can you swim, john?” he asked john if he could swim.the teacher said, “have you all understood me?” the teacher asked if we had all understood him.3. 特殊疑问句变为由who/what/when等疑问词引导的宾语从句。george said, “when will you get back from shanghai, mike?”george asked mike when he would get back from shanghai.he said, “where are you going?” he asked where i was going.直接引语变间接引语的时态变化：直接引语中所用时态间接引语所用的时态一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时现在进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时a) linda said, “i am not the girl you are looking for.” linda said (that) she was not the girl i was looking for.b) he said, “your younger brother broke it yesterday.” he said that my brother had broken it the day before.指示代词和时间状语、地点状语的变化类型直接引语间接引语指示代词thisthesethatthose时间状语now todaythis weeklast weektwo days agonext weekthenthat daythat weekthe week beforetwo days beforethe next week地点状语heretherestep 3 practicesa. change the following sentences into indirect speech.1. “you should be more careful next time,” his father said to him.his father told him that he should be more careful the next time.2. mr. wang said, “i will leave for shanghai on business next month, children”mr. wang told the children that he would leave for shanghai on business the next month.3. “i havent heard from