高考英语 阅读理解抓分练习精品题（4）.docVIP

2014高考英语阅读理解抓分练习精品（4）及答案nowadays, there is a heated debate on whether pollutants should be cleaned in the air. cleaning up the air, while good for our lungs, could make global warming worse. and the pollutants still go up around the air, along with carbon dioxide.these pollutants are called aerosols (气溶粒) and they include soot as well as mixtures of nitrogen(氮) and sulfur(硫) and other stuff into the air. natalie mahowald, a climate researcher at cornell university, says so far, scientists have mostly tried to understand what those aerosols do while theyre actually in the air.there are so many different kinds of aerosols, she says. some warm and some cool. but in fact, humans are giving out a lot of extra aerosols, and they tend to cool for the most part.the aerosols reflect sunlight back into space, or keep us cool. but it turns out thats not all they do. these aerosols also influence how much carbon dioxide gets drawn out of the air by plants on land and in the sea.they can add nutrients, for example, to the oceans or to the land, mahowald says. but also while theyre in the atmosphere they can change the climate, and thus that also can influence the amount of carbon, the land or the ocean can take up. so there are quite a few different ways that aerosols can act on each other.mahowalds results suggest that reducing those pollutants could be an even bigger problem than realized, when you consider that aerosols help remove carbon dioxide from the air by encouraging plant growth. hard numbers on this effect are highly uncertain at the moment, but this could turn out to be quite significant.and studying it is not easy because the effects arent well understood. for example, nitrogen can be a fertilizer (肥料), but it can stop plant growing when nitrogen comes out of the air in acid form. right now it seems like were much more likely to clean up aerosol pollution, while increasing the amount of carbon dioxide in the air. so scientists, unfortunately, may have a chance to see whether this experiment on our planet should continue or not.36. from paragraph 2, we know that .a. scientists have been aware of how aerosols workb. natalie mahowald is an expert in climatec. cleaning up the air is so populard. pollutants are under control so far【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。由第二段第二句natalie mahowald的同位语a climate researcher at cornell university可知natalie mahowald是一个气候专家，故选b。37. what is natalie mahowalds opinion on those aerosols?a. aerosols can influence each other in various ways.b. all the aerosols will cool the earth.c. aerosols can add nutrients to human beings. d. any kind of aerosols will warm the earth.【答案】a【解析】细节理解题。由第三段some warm and some cool得知，bd选项错误, 与some不符。从第五段的to the oceans，得知c也不对。由第五段最后一句aerosols can act on each other气溶粒可以以不同的方式相互影响，故选a。38. why is it important for scientists to get accurate numbers according to the passage? a. scientists have a chance to research them.b. they can bring scientists much more benefit.c. scientists can protect the earth from being pollutedd. they can help scientists understand the effects better. 【答案】d【解析】推理判断题。从第六段最后一句和第七段开头句可推出d正确。其他选项与题目没有直接的因果关系。它们能帮科学家更好地理解影响，故选d。39. what does the last sentence of the passage imply?a. scientists will be in a dilemma.b. the experiment will be successful.c. scientists will carry out the experiment.d. scientists have difficulty in the experiment. 【答案】a【解析】词义猜测题。从第七段开头句和第八段最后一句should continue or not应不应该进行。说明研究的左右为难。故a最合适。而d选项属于事实题，不是暗示推理题。科学家左右为难，故选a。40. which of the following can be the best title of this passage?a. pollutants in the air.b. the experiment on the planetc. the reason for global warming d. the influence of aerosols 【答案】d【解析】标题归纳题。全文以aerosols为中心，说明它的影响。故d正确。其他选项要么范围太大要么太小，不够全面。气溶粒的影响，故选d。 eat a variety of foods，especially fruits and vegetables.you may have a favorite food，but the best choice is to eat a variety.if you eat different foods，youre more likely to get the nutrients your body needs.some foods，such as green veggies，are more pleasing the older you get.shoot for five servings of fruits and vegetables a daytwo fruits and three vegetables.drink water and milk most often.when youre really thirsty，cold water is the no.1 thirstquencher.and theres a reason your school cafeteria offers cartons of milk.kids need calcium to grow strong bones，and milk is a great source of this mineral.how much do kids need？about 800 milligrams each day if youre 6 to 8 and 1,300 milligrams if youre 9 or older.but try to limit sugary drinks，like sodas，juice cocktails，and fruit punches.they contain a lot of added sugar.sugar just adds calories，not important nutrients.limit screen time.whats screen time？its the amount of time you spend watching tv，dvds，and videos，playing handheld computer games，and using the computer.the more time you spend on these sittingdown activities，the less time available for active stuff，like basketball，bike riding，and swimming.try to spend no more than 2 hours a day on screen time.be active.find ways to be active every day.not everyone loves baseball or soccer.maybe your passion is karate，or kicking ball，or dancing.ask your parents to help you do your favorite activities regularly.you might even write down a list of fun stuff to do，so you can refer to it when your mom or dad says its time to stop watching tv or playing computer games!1every day youd better eat a variety of foods to .asatisfy all kinds of needsbget enough vegetablescget enough nutrientsdget enough fruits2which of the following is true according to this passage?aif you spend more time watching dvds youll have less time for active stuff.byou can live on two fruits and three vegetables each day.ca tenyearold boy needs 800 milligrams of calcium each day.dyou must spend two hours watching tv each day.3you should try your best to have less juice cocktails because .athey contain too much calciumbthey contain too much sugarcthey dont contain any nutrientsdthey just contain nothing useful4the main idea of the passage is .asome rules for you to live by if you want to be keep healthybmilk is the most important if you want to keep strongcsome advice for you to follow if you want to keep happydyou should eat a variety of foods if you want to keep fit1there was no way he wanted his worst player in this close playoff game. (完形填空第一段)他不想在比分接近的决赛时刻让最差的队员上场。(1)im sorry but theres no way we can help you.很遗憾我们帮不了你。(2)go on，lend me your bike.快点，把你的自行车借给我。 no way!决不！2.the coach noticed that the young man was sitting quietly in the corner all alone. (完形填空第三段)教练注意到这位年轻的队员默默地坐在角落里，一副很孤独的样子。(1)the princess lived all by herself in the middle of the forest.公主一个人孤零零地住在森林里。(2)dont let her get you all upset.不要因为她的缘故你们都伤心烦恼。3if you eat different foods，you are more likely to get the nutrients your body needs. (阅读理解第一段)如果你吃不同的食物，你就更可能获得身体所需要的营养。(1)do remind me because im likely to forget.一定要提醒我，因为我可能会忘记。(2)its quite likely that well be in spain this time next year.明年的这个时候我们很可能会在西班牙。4some foods，such as green veggies，are more pleasing the older you get.(阅读理解第一段)年龄越大，吃绿色蔬菜这样的食物越好。(1)a compound is considered the more stable，the smaller its potential energy.势能越小，化合物就被认为越稳定。(2)the more i practice，the better i play.答案. c2a3b4a if youre someone who is eager to do something beyond the ordinary, you must have figured out by now that there will always be those who are jealous or resentful(怨恨) of your success. it doesnt matter that youve worked long and hard to get where you are, nor that youve made great sacrifices in achieving your goals. the haters will always find a reason to speak ill of you and even condemn you. theyre spiteful (恨的) people who envy you the pride you have in yourself and the recognition youre receiving from others. they cant stand it that youre happy, fulfilled and achieving your goals. these hateful individuals are unwilling to do the work that youve done. they hate your success but are too lazy to invest real time or energy in achieving their own goals. the thing you need to know about these haters is that the only reason they behave this way is that you have something they want, but they arent willing to work for it. the haters are convinced that youve been lucky or that youve had some unfair advantage, but the truth is that your success is born of your untiring efforts, and its these efforts that have brought about your luck. the best way to deal with haters is what i call the one-two punch. first, dont let them hurt you. be happy about your success and proud of your accomplishments. company with those who approve you, recognize you and support you, and never doubt that you deserve all the success. the haters are angry, jealous people. what they think or say is meaningless. next, the more the haters annoy you, the more you should be motivated to succeed. they want to ruin you, but your response should be to work that much harder in order to increase your level of success. when your reaction to their bad behavior has inspired you to achieve further success, youve transformed the haters negativity (消极) into fuel for your creative fires. not only can they not hurt you but theyve inspired you onto even greater heights by chance.41. why will the haters always find a reason to speak ill of you? a. they care more about you.b. you always work too hard.c. you are lazy but proud.d. they envy you the success. 【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。题目在第二段命题，答案在第三四段出现，d选项为直接的因果关系。他们嫉妒你的成功，故选d。42. in haters opinion, one reason why they dont hate is that_.a. you achieve your goalsb. they cant bear your delightc. they deserve what you own d. you make unlimited efforts 【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。c选项与第五段that you have something they want but they arent willing to work for it相符，不是他们所恨的。故选c。43. according to the passage, one of the best ways to deal with haters is _.a. to get rid of themb. to work even harderc. to share the happinessd. to motivate them 【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。根据they want to ruin you, but your response should be to work that much harder in order to increase your level of success.处理恨最好的方式是更加努力地工作，故选b。44. what s the authors attitude to the haters?a. supportive. b. sympathetic.c. angry. d. critical. 【答案】d【解析】态度推理题。从全文作者的语气和最后一段可推出，d选项正确。critical批评的。故选d。45. what is the main purpose of the last paragraph?a. to encourage those who are envied. b. to present an active opinion.c. to teach haters a lesson.d. to give information about success. 【答案】a【解析】主旨大意题。从最后一段的关键词“inspired”可推断a正确。这从该段开头句和后一句的大意：你对待敌意的方式会激励你取得更大的成就，这些欺负你的人再也伤不了你，反而会鞭策你更上一层楼。故选a。what will life be like in the future?here are a few possibilities，according to the boston globe：in a few years，city centers will be entirely wireless.so，cars will be constantly updated on traffic problems.parking meters will also let you know where to find an open parking space，so you wont have to drive blindly around anymore.researchers are also working on a toothdecay vaccine that targets the bacteria that causes holes in your teeth.and by 2015，they hope to be able to vaccinate toddlers，and keep them from ever having a hole.another futuristic thing thats right around the corner is，nonlethal(致命的) weapons of war.the active denial system is currently being tested by the american military.its basically an invisible energy beam that heats up the water molecules in your skin.within seconds it causes excruciating(难耐的) pain.but the instant you back off，the pain stops.also，clothing companies are getting closer and closer to seamless fashions that can be heated and formed out of a single piece of cloth.and clothes will soon be madetoorder on the spot，with the help of bodyscan software.and finally，not too far into the future are smart homes that can keep track of your behavior.for example，if you turn on your kitchen lights every morning between 7 and 710，your house will start doing it for you.and because your spouse usually forgets to take their pills，the medicine cabinet will remind them while theyre flossing.smart houses will also be able to monitor medical conditions and call for help，which means older folks could stay in their houses longer.as always，well keep tabs on all these developments，and definitely keep you informed.1in the writers opinion， .aparking meters can solve all the traffic problemsbthere will be no more wars in the worldcold people can stay at home safe by themselvesdyou only need to turn on the lights in the kitchen and your kitchen can cook for you2which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?apeople will be free of toothaches in the future.bclothes wont need washing in the future.cpeople wont have difficulty finding a place to park their cars.dpeople wont have to worry about forgetting to take pills.3the writer wrote the passage in order to .ainform us of the latest de