高考英语 321精品系列 专题29新题型 任务型读写.doc

3年高考2年模拟1年原创专题29新题型任务型读写（教师版）【考点定位】 2013考纲解读和近几年考点分布安徽2009年高考英语命题最大的变化就是取消了短文改错，增加任务型阅读，词汇要求提高至3000个左右。任务型阅读的题型结构为一篇300词左右的短文和表格，要求考生对文中的有效信息进行筛选、整合和综合概括，然后准确、有序地完成表格的空缺(根据说明，一空只填一词)。这不仅要求考生有较好的语篇理解能力，同时还必须具有获取有效信息、把握文章整体结构的能力。而且在填写过程中，考生还必须具备较扎实的词法和句法知识，因为所填写的单词不仅要准确表达意思，还必须在词性和词形上与上下文的句子结构保持一致或匹配。根据图表的呈现形式分为：1组织结构式；2网络式；3射线式。任务型阅读的出现不仅有利于考查学生把握文章的篇章结构、综合处理信息的能力，体现出了新课改增加客观表达题的努力，同时对英语教学和高考复习提出了极高的要求。【考点pk】 名师考点透析3体裁多样，结构典型任务型阅读的文章可能涉及记叙文、议论文、说明文和应用文等各种体裁，结构也是比较明显的三段式，如记叙文是按照开端经过结果;人物传记一般是按照生平成就评价;说明文的结构分为引引言正文一结束语;议论文是通过论点论据结论展开，文章脉络都比较清晰尽管话题很广泛，但考虑到任务型阅读的命题特点，其所关注的题材多集中在文化教育、科学技术、饮食健康和生活哲理上。以议论文、说明文形式出现的概率较大。解题规律跟思路第一步：读懂短文主要意思了解文章大意是解题的第一环，也是关键的一步。只有读懂了文章，才能顺利地在表格中填出相关的信息。值得注意的是：如果表格前提供了小标题，要特别注意小标题，它通常是段落和表格的主题句。读懂了标题有助于理解短文和表格的大意和结构。第二步：理清短文主体结构了解短文的写作思路和线索结构，有助于加深对篇章内容的理解，同时短文的结构往往也是很重要的命题线索表格项目基本上就是根据篇章结构而设计的。第三步：分析完表格后细读文章，确定答案。仔细阅读文章，寻找相关信息及关键词。学会推理判断，力争返回原文，找出文章哪一部分与题目相关，抓住关键词语，以此为线索，在文中找出词、句、句群来满足问题要求。1）掌握归纳技巧。有时表格中（尤其最上栏、最左栏）需要学生概括相应栏内的内容，这就要求学生学会使用一些概括性词语。常用归纳概括性词汇有：aims，purposes，reasons，causes，results，effects，advice，suggestions，opinions，topics，background，introduction，advantages，disadvantages，attitudes，features，phenomena(phenomenon)，tips，characteristics(character)，personality，data，name，sex，conclusion等。有时不仅需要记清楚这些概括性词汇，还要熟练掌握该词汇的常用搭配，以便迅速锁定最佳词语。如比较an introduction of something，instructions for something，measures to something和knowledge about something 后，考生们可以根据不同的介词的使用，快速辨清到底应使用这几个相近名词中的哪一个。2）巧妙运用转换。有时原文中的词汇不能直接用来填入空格，要求学生用相应词组替代转换。这就需要考生们平时多积累英语词汇，学会用英语解释英语，多查英英词典，巧用同义词、反义词、前缀、后缀、常用句型、词语搭配等。4检查答案。主要检查字数是否符合要求，所填内容与原文意思是否保持通顺一致，句意是否连贯，是否符合语法规则等。总之，只要考生注意平时多做任务型阅读的题目，多总结各种表格的特点，注意常用词汇的积累，做题时细心并适时随机应变，完全可以游刃有余地应对任务型阅读这种新题型。【三年高考】 10、11 、12高考试题及其解析2012高考英语试题2012安徽卷 阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。traveling to all corners of the world gets easier and easier. we live in a global village, but this doesnt mean that we all behave in the same way.how should you behave when you meet someone for the first time? an american shakes your hand firmly while looking you straight in the eye. in many parts of asia, there is no physical contact(接触)at all. in japan, you should bow, and the more respect you want to show, the deeper you should bow. in thailand, people greet each other by pressing both hands together at the chest. in both countries, eye contact is avoided as a sign of respect.many countries have rules about what you should and shouldnt wear. in muslim countries, you shouldnt reveal (显露)the body, especially women, who should wear long blouses and skirts. in korea, you should take off your shoes when entering a house. remember to place them neatly together where you came in.in spain, lunch is often the biggest meal of the day, and can last two or three hours. for this reason many people eat a light breakfast and a late dinner. in mexico, lunch is a time to relax, and many people prefer not to discuss business as they eat. in britain, its not unusual to have a business meeting over breakfast. in most countries, an exchange of business cards is necessary for all introductions. you should include your company name and your position. if you are going to a country where your language is not widely spoken, you can get the back side of your card printed in the local language. in china ，you may present your card with the writing facing the person you are giving it to. title: good 76. _aspectcountrycustom77. _americajapanthailandshaking hands firmly78. _ to show respectpressing both hands together at the chestdressing79. _ countrieskoreawearing long blouses and skirtstaking off your shoes at the 80. _eatingspainmexico82. _having a light breakfast and a late dinnerrelaxing while having 81. _holding a business meeting over breakfastdoing businessmost countrieschinaexchanging business cards when 83. _ yourselfpresenting a card to a person 84. _ its front facing himconclusion: when traveling 85. _， we should follow local customs.【要点综述】本文讲述不同的国家或文化中有不同的礼节，比如第一次见面时，着装、就餐、递送名片等注意事项和恰当的礼节。76. manners/ manners/behavior/ behavior信息转换题。文章大意讲在不同国家或场合恰当的礼节或行为方式。77. greeting信息综合概括题。根据第二段中how should you behave when you meet someone for the first time？可判断是第一次见面，如何问候，所以填greeting。82. britain/england/uk信息查找题。根据第四段中in britain, its not unusual to have a business meeting over breakfast.可知填britain/england/uk。83. introducing信息转换题。根据最后一段中in most countries, an exchange of business cards is necessary for all introductions.可推断当介绍时相互交换名片。84. with信息查找题。根据最后一段中with the writing facing the person you are giving it to和固定结构“with名词非谓语动词”可判断用with。85. abroad/about/around/worldwide信息综合概括题。根据第一段中traveling to all corners of the world和but this doesnt mean that we all behave in the same way可判断到国外旅游时要入乡随俗，所以填abroad/about/around/worldwide。2011高考英语试题（2011安徽卷）第一节 任务型读写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。if we agree that the function of education is to prepare us for life, then there is very little time to waste. so, while we can, we ought to concentrate on teaching children something really useful. here is what our schools should teach.politeness is a mark of civilization. the sooner children learn this, the better. in any case, a lot can be accomplished by a smile and good manners.like it or not, our adult lives will be consumed by the struggle for money, but we dont make an effort to teach children how to manage it. so our schools have a duty to teach them this ability from the beginning.were likely to accept something we are told, but thats not what educated people do. educated people are reasonable and they look at facts. if our schools teach nothing else, they should at least teach critical (批判性的) thinking.children should learn to take care of their health. they should know that if they eat junk food (垃圾食品), they will become fat and unhealthy. they should be very clear about what happens to their bodies when they drink or smoke.all of us are part of society. we have rights and responsibilities. we ought to understand what they are. we have to know a little bit of our history and geography, because we need to have an environment in which to relate to the people around us.how will we test students on these? we cant. but thats not a reason to avoid teaching what is important. our schools should spend every moment they have telling this to our children: “this is life, this is what you are going to face, and this is how you deal with it.”titlevery useful(76)teaching/education/schoolingintroductioneducation should be a (77) preparation for life.adviceimportant things should be taught in (78)school(s)teaching(79)contents/contents/subjects/subjects/topics/topicshow to behave(80)politely/properly/wellthe basic skill of(81)managing moneyhow to(82)think in a critical wayhow to keep(83)healthy/fitthe rights and responsibilities one has in (84)societyconclusionchildren should be taught what (85) life is and how to deal with it.【文章大意】本文意在说明教育的功能，及我们在教育过程中应该注意的方面。76. teaching/education/schooling【解析】捕捉信息题。由文章第一段可知答案。本空只要和“教育”含义有关的词汇皆可。【解析】捕捉信息题。由句子all of us are part of society. we have rights and responsibilities可知答案。85. life【解析】捕捉信息题。由句子this is life, this is what you are going to face, and this is how you deal with it可知答案。2010高考英语试题（2010高考安徽卷）任务型读写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。when difficult people express themselves orally, they generally want at least two things: theyve been heard and theyve been understand. as a good communicator should be a good listener, five steps are advocated toward good listening.the first step is cooperating（合作）. how does a difficult person know that youre listening and understanding? in fact, its through the way you look and should while he is talking. you may help him to fully express his thoughts and feelings. you do this by nodding your head in agreement, making certain sounds of understanding.when the person begins to repeat whats been said, its signal of step two: turning back. it means that you repeat back some words he is using, sending a clear signal that youre listening carefully and that you think what he is saying is important.having heard what he has to say, the next step is clarifying. at this point, you start to gather information about what is being communicated. ask some open-ended questions, which will allow you to figure out what intention he is hoping to satisfy.the fourth step is to summarize（概括）what youve heard. this allows you to make sure that both you and the difficult person are on the same page. when you do this, two things happen. first, if youve shown that youre making an effort to understand completely. this increases the possibility of gaining cooperation from him.having listened carefully, youve now arrived at the point of confirming with the person that he feels that his thoughts have been fully voiced. ask if he feels understood.when enough sincere listening, questioning, and remembering are brought together, understanding is usually achieved and a difficult person becomes less difficult and more cooperative.topic(76) to understandreasondifficult people hope they have been heard and(77) when they express themselves.(78)on listening(79) in agreement and make some sounds of understanding while a difficult person is speaking.repeat some(80) that you have heard.collect information about the persons expressions and find his(81) .give a(82) of what the person has said.confirm that the person gains(83) from speaking his thoughts.resulta difficult person will be(84) to cooperate with if understanding is achieved.commentyou may unlock the doors to difficult peoples(85) after you listen and understand【文章大意】怎样才能成为一个好的倾听者？本文做了一些总结。2009高考英语试题（09安徽卷）第一节任务型读写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。many people need guidance in choosing a career （职业）. fortunately, there is much information on the web about job opportunities （机会）. with all the information available, its not surprising that people can feel confused. so if youre ready to start your first job or change careers, where do you begin?the occupation handbook is a good resource. regularly updated, the handbook is available as a book and on-line. not only is information provided about the united states as a whole, but readers can easily search for information about their particular state. you can read about the fastest-growing occupations in the area where you live and find out what they are like. you can also learn how to apply for jobs. take, for example, nadias situation. nadia was a doctors assistant in iran, and her goal in the united states is to become a nurse. however, she needs to work while she is studying nursing. she is interested in becoming a medical assistant to help work her way through college. when going on-line to the handbook and searching under medical assistant, nadia is happy to read that this is expected to be one of the fastest-growing careers through 2010. besides, job opportunities are even better for people with experience. she discovers that medical assistants not only have to do some office work, but have medical responsibilities as well. nadia decides this job will be interesting and will also provide excellent experience for her nursing career. the occupation handbook is just an example of websites that can help you plan a new career. when you have found information about some different careers, you will be ready to talk to career advisers. choosing your future career is an extremely important decision. its worth taking the time and finding as much information as you can. 76、【答案】web/net/internet/website【解析】根据第一段的fortunately, there is much information on the web about job opportunities （机会）.【考点定位】考查捕捉信息的能力。77、【答案】confusing【解析】根据第一段的its not surprising that people can feel confused.，可获得信息【考点定位】考查组织信息的能力。78、【答案】regular【解析】根据regularly updated可获得信息【考点定位】考查组织信息的能力。79、【答案】application【解析】根据you can also learn how to apply for jobs. 可获得信息【考点定位】考查组织信息的能力。80、【答案】situation【解析】根据take, for example, nadias situation可获得信息【考点定位】考查捕捉信息的能力。81、【答案】money【解析】根据第三段的内容和整篇文章的特点可以得出答案【考点定位】综合信息题。84、【答案】asking/consulting【解析】根据第四段you will be ready to talk to career advisers. 转变而来。【考点定位】考查组织信息的能力。85、【答案】worthwhile【解析】根据第四段“its worth taking the time and finding as much information as you can. ”转变而来。【考点定位】考查组织信息的能力。【两年模拟】 10、11、12名校模拟题及其答案2012名校模拟一、 【2012安徽师大附中摸底】任务型读写（每小题1分，共10分）some people believe that greed and selfishness has become the basis of modern society, and we should return to the old traditions of family and community then we will have a better life. to what extent do you agree or disagree with the above opinion?in this fast-paced world, many values are undergoing major changes. while people traditionally prioritize caring, sharing and generosity in life and work, modern people seem to be more self-absorbed and self-concerned.modern people act selfishly to survive the harsh competition of life. they say that it is a jungle out there. to survive, you have to fight with whatever means that come handy. obviously greedy and selfishness go perfectly well with such ideas. in a company, employees do everything they can to get better pay and higher position, even at the cost of colleagues. we are in any way advocating any selfish conduct. it is just that people are pressured to act in a certain way due to outside influences.in spite of common practice, it is hard to conclude that modern society is built on greed and selfishness, both of which are not newly invented vocabulary. in ancient times people also did greedy and selfish things though such behaviors were more condemned then. but we can not ignore the fact that people in the past lived a relatively more isolated life and faced less pressure compared with their modern counterparts.are we happier to share with others and be generous to them? there is no fixed answer either. some people take great pleasure helping and giving to others while others feel happy doing the opposite. but i personally think that people should not be too selfish. caring for others can actually encourage the development of a mutually beneficial relationship.in conclusion, modern people appear to be more self-centered than those in the past due to strong outside pressure. however, we should encourage people to know the importance of being caring and generous and to build a mutually beneficial relationship with others.are modern people becoming more selfish? main comparisonscontexts _76_ are changingin the past people put caring, sharing and generosity in the first _77_.nowadays, people seem to be more _78_about themselves._79_are changing too.people in the past appeared to be modest and self-effacing(谦让的).people may strive to achieve their own _80_ at the price of their coworkers.the authors understanding_81_ for the changes in authors eyesfierce _82_ and great _83_on modern people may be responsible for the changes.the authors _84_towards topica relationship which can _85_ two sides should be established.76.【答案】values【解析】根据in this fast-paced world, many values are undergoing major changes.可知人们的价值观在变化。77.【答案】place【解析】根据文章的prioritize可知：prioritize和put。in the first place是同义表达，都是优先和置于首位的意思。78.【答案】concerned【解析】根据modern people seem to be more self-absorbed and self-concerned.可知其与nowadays, people seem to be more concerned about themselves.为同义句表达。【2012届安徽省示范高中第二次大联考英语】任务型读写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填人最恰当的单词。注意：每空格一个单词。are you worried about your teachers making too many red marks on your homework paper? don t feel bad. sooner or later, those red marks may become a thing of the past.in australia, teachers have been asked to stop using a red pen to mark students work. education experts say that it can harm students mental health.the state government in queensland, australia distributed a kit to about 30 schools this month. thegood mental health rocks kit was devised to help teachers to focus on the mental well - being of their students.lt offers a list of tips by experts. one of them points out: dont mark in a red pen( which can be seen as aggressive)- use a different color.other tips include structuring time for peer tutoring every day; apologizing to students when necessary, and asking students to make a personal skills audit in which they focus on their strengths rather than their weaknesses.the kit suggests that social and emotional well - being is linked to young people s schooling, among other things.the education aid has caused some discussions in the government. some people think it is not necessary.but health minister stephen robertson, whose department devised the kit, said youth suicide was a serious issue.if mental health experts determine that teachers should consider those strategies, then l 11 support them. he said. it is not a matter for ridicule, this is serious. according to some australian mental health groups, the largest number of people with mental illness are aged between 18 and 24 years. fourteen percent of australian young people suffer from some sort of mental illness.答案解析：76. mental 根据文章中的education experts say that it can harm students mental health. 可知；【2012届皖南八校高三第一次联考】任务型读写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）注意：每个空格只填一个单词。we all need physical exercise. exercise uses up food we eat and keeps the body full of energy. it works your muscles and makes your heart work hard so as to send blood to your muscles. so, exercise makes your heart an