现代建筑与建筑材料(1).doc

Industrial revolution has brought the productivity development and economic prosperity, the rise of the population concentrated to the big industry city, straining urban land, land prices rose, continuously expand to the surrounding city, urban space still cramped. In order to build more smaller land scope to use area, building had to high altitude. Also is the fundamental cause of high-rise buildings. And the generation of high-rise building is the inevitable outcome of social development, both are interdependent and influence each other.High-rise building has great effect on the city blocks. Only for its absolute size and population, to the centralization of the city blocks, and pedestrians on the street and the street itself has obvious importance. Because of its relative size and height, high-rise buildings around the city of the existing environment and scales. Either independently or in urban environment, with the size of the building, the greater the effect. An unprecedented surge in increasing scale of high-rise building has caused the deterioration of environmental conditions, thus become the scourge of urban quality of life. High-rise buildings inserted into the urban environment, most of these deep canyons deprived urban residents in the city of light, sunshine, and natural ventilation, on city streets and its microclimate surroundings caused great influence, and this energy consumption is too large, large construction projects, such as air conditioning, heating and lighting needs large power supply, resulting in a large amount of heat, change the relationship between the city the original thermal balance, contributed to the urban heat island phenomenon, worsen the living conditions of the citizens.In short, in the whole city environment, high-rise building plays a decisive role.高层建筑对其所在的城市街区具有重要的影响。仅以它绝对的规模和人口总量，就对城市街区的集中化、对街上的行人以及街景本身都具有明显的重要性。由于其相对体量和高度，高层建筑对城市已有的周围环境及尺度影响甚大。不论是独立的或是混入在城市环境里，建筑物的体量越大，影响也就越大。不断增大尺度的高层建筑的空前激增已引起环境条件不断的恶化，因而变成城市生活质量的祸害。高层建筑插入到城市环境中，这些大都市里深谷剥夺了城市居民的光线、日照、和自然