高考英语阅读理解抓分练习题（38）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解抓分练习题（38）及答案科普知识型阅读理解(二)(一)plants have family values, too, it seems, with new research suggesting they can recognize close relatives in order to work together.an ability to tell family from strangers is well known in animals, allowing them to cooperate and share resources, but plants may possess similar social skills, scientists believe.susan dudley and amanda file of mcmaster university in ontario, canada, report they have demonstrated for the first time that plants can recognize their kin.this suggests that plants, though lacking recognition and memory, are capable of complex social interactions.“plants have this kind of hidden but complicated social life，” dudley said.the study found plants from the same species of beachdwelling wildflower grew aggressively alongside unrelated neighbors but were less competitive when they shared soil with their families.sea rocket, a north american species, showed stronger and healthier root growth when planted in pots with strangers than when raised with relatives from the same maternal(母系的) family, the study found.this is an example of kin selection, a behavior common in animals in which closely related individuals take a group approach to succeeding in their environment, the researchers said.kin selection also applies to competition, because if family members compete less with each other, the group will do better overall. “everywhere you look, plants are growing right up next to other plants，” dudley said，“ usually its a case of each plant for itself. but sometimes those plants are related, and there are benefits to not wasting resources on being competitive, and there is not really a cost to not being competitive as long as your neighbor is also not being competitive.”learning and memory appear to be important for kin recognition in animals, but this isnt an option for plants, she noted.some researchers speculate(猜测) that plants communicate through their roots, identifying themselves using tiny chemical signatures specific to each plants family.()6.whats the main idea of the message?astudies find plants can recognize, communicate with relatives.bkin selection is important for plants.canimals can recognize and memorize their relatives.dcompetition asks plants to recognize their relatives.()7.which of the following is not right about animals social skill?aanimals can recognize and memorize their relatives.banimals social skill is to cooperate and share resources.canimals social skill can recognize close relatives in order to work together.danimals social skill is no use at all.()8.plants kin selection is to _. agrow well bcompete with other kinds of plants cstrengthen the relationship among siblings dfind which one is the best()9.from the passage，we learn that _.asea rocket is a south american species bsea rocket grows aggressively alongside unrelated neighborscsea rocket grows aggressively alongside its siblingsdsea rocket is a kind of bush without flowers ()10.how can the plants communicate with each other according to experts suppose?aplants communicate by using tiny chemical signatures specific to each plants family.bplants communicate with each other through their roots.cplants communicate with each other by their leaves.dplants communicate with each other with their flowers.(一)本文是科普说明文。科学家经过研究发现：和动物一样，植物也有亲属选择的习性，同时排挤其他种类植物。同时介绍了同系植物之间不竞争的原因、作用以及交流方式。6a 主旨大意题。全文说明研究发现：植物也可以辨别亲属，和亲属交流共生而和其他植物生长在一起时则疯狂排挤竞争。7d 细节理解题。从第二段可以判断出动物的社会能力非常有用，是为了合作，为了共享资源，而不是没用。8b 细节理解题。从倒数第三段看出，植物的亲属判断力是为了竞争。9b 推理判断题。倒数第五段提到sea rocket和其他种类的植物长在一起时根系发达，具有侵略性，这是为了和其他植物竞争，夺取更多的资源。10b 细节理解题。最后一段说明科学家猜测植物之间的交流可能是用根进行的，用微小的化学成分去验明是否是亲属。parents are among the worlds most passionate art collectors，saving their childrens artwork until every nook and corner is filled.but when space runs out，how do you decide what to keep，what to recycle and how to display all of those precious things?its essential to periodically sort through your childrens artwork.jenn wilson，an art teacher at torontos mabin school，suggests parents involve their children in the process and use it as an opportunity for discussion.you can limit yourself to three or four pieces that sum up your childs recent artistic development.or you can be guided by size：store the smaller items and make digital copies of the larger ones.the rest can be recycled.wilson advises parents to note down as much information as they can on the artwork to be saved，including the childs name，title，materials，date and grade.“if possible，include details about what the child was thinking when doing the art，collected from your conversation.that will be enormously valuable years later，when the motivation behind the work has faded from memory.”internet art galleries offer a great way to share your childs artistic accomplishments with friends and relatives.kids space is an international site where kids can submit audio files of their music or digitized drawings.global childrens art gallery is a nonprofit site with more than 1,000 pictures currently on display.if youre up for a challenge，design a childrens art website for your childs school.sherri osborn，the minnesotabased guide to the family crafts area on a，found a hightech way to recycle some of her daughters old school work.“i scanned it into my computer，printed it out onto fabric(织物) and then combined it into a graduation quilt for her.i not only scanned some of her artwork，but i also scanned poems，reports and certificates.this quilt was a big hit with everyoneespecially my daughter.”1jenn wilson advocates children participating in sorting through the artwork to .adecide which artwork should be storedbhelp their parents to do houseworkcuse it as an opportunity to talk about artddevelop the ability of selfhelp2parents should note down as much details on the artwork as they can in order to .arecall the motivation behind the work years laterbdisplay the precious work of their childrencteach their children reading and writingddecide which one to be recycled3we can learn from the passage that kids space，global childrens art gallery and a are websites .awhich are designed specially for childrenbwhich help parents teach their childrencwhose bases are in minnesotadwith areas for childrens artwork exhibition4we can infer from the last paragraph that .asherri osborn is an art teacherbsherri osborn printed her daughters work on her beddingcsherri osborns daughter is a primary studentdsherri osborns daughter likes the souvenir very much1never look down upon the power of passion. (完形填空第五段)不要小瞧了激情的力量。(1)she thinks they look down on her because she didnt go to university.她觉得他们瞧不起她是因为她没有上过大学。(2)he was looked down on because of his humble background.他因家世寒微而被人看不起。2your passion will help you face the challenges as you start your journey. (完形填空第五段) 当你开始你的旅程时，你的激情会帮助你面对挑战。(1)i watched her as she combed her hair.她梳头时我一直看着她。(2)as he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening.他年纪越来越大，除了喜欢园艺以外，对一切都失去了兴趣。3parents are among the worlds most passionate art collectors.(阅读理解第一段)父母是世界上最有激情的艺术收藏家之一(1)china is among the largest countries in the world. 中国是世界上最大的国家之一。(2)i was among the last to leave.我是最后离去者之一。4jenn wilson，an art teacher at torontos mabin school，suggests parents involve their children in the process and use it as an opportunity for discussion. (阅读理解第二段) 珍威尔逊是多伦多马宾学校的一名艺术教师，她建议父母应该让孩子参与到这个过程中来，并借此机会和孩子讨论艺术话题。(1)dont involve me in solving your problems.你解决你的问题，不要把我拉进去。(2)the witnesss statement involves you in the robbery.证人的证词表明你与劫案有关。答案. 1c2a3d4d ellen parker was worried about her health. she couldnt walk very quickly and it was difficult for her to climb stairs,she was soon out of breath. “i suppose i had better go to the doctor,” she thought. she went to the doctor and told him her problem. “im not at all surprised,” he said. “its clear what your problem is.” he examined her and then gave her some advice. “if you dont do what i say,mrs parker,” he said,”then you will have a heart attack. it could kill you. “ ellen was very worried as she left the doctors. she knew that she had to take his advice but that it would not be easy and that it would take time. the next day she went shopping.the first shop she went into was a butchers shop. “id like ten pounds of steak,please,” she said. “certainly,madam,” the butcher replied and went into the cold storage room and found a large piece of steak. he brought the huge piece of meat back into the shop and placed it on the scale（秤）. “thats just under ten pounds,” he said. the butcher worked out the price. “at 4.99 a pound that will be 45.50 please. shall i cut it up into small pieces for you？” “oh,i dont want to buy the meat,” mrs parker said. “if you dont want to buy it,” the butcher replied,”why did you ask me to get it for you？” “i just wanted to see what 10 pounds of meat looked like. “56. mrs ellen parker visited her doctor because _.a. she had had a heart attack b. she was unhappy about her weightc. she had a problem with her health d. she couldnt sleep well【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。根据ellen parker was worried about her health.她有健康问题所以去看医生，故选c。57. after the doctor examined mrs ellen parker,he advised her to _. a. eat more meat b. lose weightc. come and see him again d. look after her heart【答案】b【解析】推理判断题。根据文章的最后一句“i wanted to see what ten pounds of meat looked like.” “i wanted to see what ten pounds of meat looked like.”道出了她称肉的目的。可以推出医生让她减肥，故选b。58. mrs ellen parker asked for ten pounds of steak because _. a. she wanted to buy some for dinnerb. she wanted to lose weightc. her doctor asked her to do sod. she wanted to know the size of 10pound meat【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。根据“i wanted to see what ten pounds of meat looked like.”道出了她称肉的目的。她想看看十斤肉到底有多大，故选d。59. mrs ellen parkers real problem was that _. a. she ate too much steak b. she couldnt walk quicklyc. she weighed too much d. she couldnt climb stairs【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。根据短文可知她的体重严重超重，所以医生建议她减肥，故选c。60. we can infer that at the end of the story the butcher was very _. a. angry b. excited c. surprised d. proud【答案】a【解析】推理判断题。根据屠夫说的why did you ask me to get it for you？话可以推出他很生气，故选a in the early days of the united states，children were not required by law to attend school.school calendars depended on local needs.students in rural areas went to school for no more than six months of the yearhalf in the summer，half in the winter.they worked on family farms during the other months.city schools were often open much longer，some for eleven months of the year.parents were happy to have a place for their children to go while they worked.national leaders took a fresh look at schools after the civil war in the 1860s.they saw a free public education as a way to help support a strong democracy(民主政治) and prepare workers for new industries.immigration was increasing and so was the student population.more and more people saw the need for a system of required education.but they had different ideas for the calendar.many city schools wanted a shorter year and a longer summer break.the schools were often crowded.there was no modern air conditioning，and air pollution from factories was a problem.hot days would make it difficult to learn.a long summer break would also give teachers time for other jobs to add to their low pay.many rural educators，however，pushed for a longer school year.they thought it would keep children safe from industrial dangers at a time when there were few childlabor laws.they also thought it would lead to a better prepared workforce.so the traditional school calendar was a compromise，with roots that now go back about a century and a half.the average school year used to be 170 days.times have not changed much.today the common average is 180 days.but some experts think the traditional school calendar needs to change because the needs of the nation have changed.this thinking has led some schools to keep students in class longer.1why were city schools often open much longer than the schools in rural areas in the early days?abecause children in rural areas were not required by law to attend school.bbecause children in city schools often had more subjects to study.cbecause parents in cities preferred their children to stay at schools while they worked.dbecause hot days would make it difficult to learn in rural schools.2the underlined phrase “pushed for” in the seventh paragraph probably means .astruggled forbwent againstcagreed ondcalled off3from the last paragraph we can infer that .aexperts have reached an agreement on the traditional school calendarbsome rural schools have already kept students in class longercnational leaders of the united states will change the traditional school calendardwith the needs of the nation changing，the school year will get longer4which of the following statements is not true according to the passage?athe system of required education was carried out after the 1860s.bshort school year would give teachers time for other jobs to earn more money.clong school year would also protect children from industrial dangers at the time.dtoday the common average school year has changed much than before.1as we got there，the family was in front of us，with one person in between. (完形填空第二段)当我们到那儿(收款处)时，那家人已经在我们前面了，中间只隔了一个人。(1)the teacher came into the classroom with a book in his hand.老师走进教室，手里拿着一本书。(2)he lay on the grass，with his eyes fixed on the sky.他躺在草地上，眼睛看着天空。2i have given selflessly before，and there is not a better feeling in the whole world! (完形填空最后一段)我曾经无私地付出过，世界上没有比这更好的感觉了！(1)your story is perfect; ive never heard a better one before.你的故事很精彩，我以前从没听过比这更好的故事了。(2)did you enjoy yourself at the party?晚会上玩得高兴吗？yes，ive never been to a more exciting one before.是的，我以前从来没有参加过这么令人激动的晚会。3immigration was increasing and so was the student population.(阅读理解第四段)移民数量在增加，学生数量也在增加。(1)you have helped her，and so has she.你帮助过她，她也帮助过你。(2) she respected me and so did i.她尊重我，我也尊重她。4hot days would make it difficult to learn. (阅读理解第六段)炎热的天气使得学习很难进行。(1)i find it quite necessary to make some changes.我认为作出一些改变是非常必要的。(2)i consider it advisable to tell her beforehand.我认为提前告诉她是明智的。答案. 1c2a3d4d english is an important global language, but that doesnt mean its easy to learn. many experts have tried to make english easier for students to learn but they werent always successful.in 1930, professor ck ogden of cambridge university invented basic english. it had only 850 words (and just eighteen verbs) and ogden said most people could learn it in just thirty hours. the problem was that people who learned basic english could write and say simple messages, but they couldnt understand the answers in real english! it was also impossible to explain a word if it wasnt in the basic english word list. for example, if you wanted a watermelon, you asked for a large green fruit with the form of an egg, which has a sweet red inside and a good taste! re zachrisson, a university professor in sweden, decided that the biggest problem for learners of english was spelling, so he invented a language called anglic. anglic was similar to english, but with much simpler spelling. father became faadher, new became nue and years became yeerz. unfortunately for some students of english, anglic never became popular.even easier is the language which ships captains use: its called seaspeak. seaspeak uses a few simple phrases for every possible situation. in seaspeak, for example you dont say, im sorry what did you say? or i didnt understand, can you repeat that? . its just, say again. no more grammar!in the ag