高考英语知识点复习教案8.doc

2014高考英语知识点复习教案知识清单重点单词1._adj.大方的；慷慨的_n.慷慨；大方_adv.慷慨地；大方地2_adj.暴力的_n.暴力3_vt.探险_n.探险者_n.探险；探测4_adj.平等的_adv.平等地5_adj.卓越的；辉煌的_adv.辉煌地_n.卓越；辉煌6_adj.灵巧的；熟练地_adv.灵巧地；熟练地_n.技巧；技能7_vt.比赛；竞争_n.比赛；竞争8_v.提升；促进_n.提升；推广_adj.推销的9_adj.自信的_n.自信10_n.伤害；损害_vi.受伤；损害重点短语1._达到某种状态2._在我看来3_放弃4._融洽相处；进展5_太；极为6._单独地；独自地7_自杀8._结束9_解脱；发出；泄露10._盼望；期盼；期待11_参加；参与12._恢复健康；渡过难关重点句式1.whatwerehelicoptersdoingasyangliweireturnedtothe_earths_atmosphere?2patwasinthebathroomwithahairdryerinherhandwhensheheardacrash.3i_have_a_dream_thatmyfourlittlechildrenwillone_dayliveinanationwheretheywillnotbejudgedbythecolouroftheirskin,butbythecontentoftheircharacter.4imfar_toobusywithlivingto_think_ofgivingup!5ithought21hourswastoo_short_to_stayinspace.核心语法1.一般过去时和过去进行时2现在完成时自我校对重点单词：1generous;generousness;generously2.violent;violence3.explore;explorer;exploration4.equal;equally5.brilliant;brilliantly;brilliantness6.skillful;skillfully;pete;mote;promotion;promotional9confident;confidence10.injury;injure重点短语：1etoanend9letout10.lookforwardto11.getinvolvedwith12.pullthrough重点词汇探究1strugglevt.努力；抗争；挣扎n.斗争；挣扎struggleagainst/with与抗争struggletoonesfeet挣扎着站起来strugglewithsb与某人搏斗strugglefor.为而斗争1)itwastheyearwhenbritaindeclared_ongermany.那是英国对德国宣战的一年。2)shewillnotgiveupherchildren_.她不会轻易放弃自己的孩子。【答案】1)war2)withoutstrugglestruggle,war,battle和fightstruggle指为了获得某物而努力奋斗或彼此打架，也指为了逃避攻击而与某人搏斗。war指国家间、民族间的战争的总称。battle指规模较小的战争。fight指具体的争夺，可以指人类之间的战斗也可以指动物间的战斗。(1)用struggle的适当形式填空1)the_forindependencewaslongandhard.2)theprisoners_theircaptorsbutcouldntescape.3)thetwoleadersare_power.【答案】1)struggle2)struggledagainst3)strugglingfor(2)名校押题(2010南昌模拟)inthepast,myparents_tobringmybrotherandmeupandaffordoureducation,theyhadahardlife.aworkedbhelpedccontributeddstruggled【答案与解析】d考查动词词义辨析。contribute“贡献；有助于”；struggle“挣扎；奋斗”。题意：在以前，父母为把我和哥哥养大并供我们读书而奋斗，度过了一段艰难的时光。2competevi.比赛；竞赛；抗争competein参加比赛competefor为争取而竞争competewith/againstsb同某人竞争(比赛)competitionn.比赛；竞争competitorn.竞争者competitiveadj.竞争的；有竞争力的1)chinahasto_othercountriesforworldmarket.中国必须与其他国家争夺国际市场。2)hetookpartinthe_forthegloryoftheschool.他为学校的荣誉参加了比赛。3)thetwofriendswere_forthepositionofmonitor.那两位朋友在竞争班长一事上是对手。【答案】1)competewith/against2)competition3)competitors(1)用compete的适当形式填空1)severalcompanies_thecontract.2)thehorse_thegrandnationalfourtimes.3)willyou_theswimmingrace?4)sometimestheresalotof_amongchildrenfortheirmothersattention.【答案】1)arecompetingfor2)hascompetedin3)competein4)competition(2)名校押题(2010山东东营一中二模)appleandmicrosoft_witheachotherfortheworldmarkettosellmorepcwiththeirownfreesoftware.acomparebcompetecfightddeal【答案与解析】b考查动词词义辨析。comparewith“与相比”；competewith“与竞争”；fightwith“和争辩；一起做斗争”；dealwith“处理；讨论”。题意：苹果公司和微软公司在世界市场上为了卖更多的带有自己免费软件的电脑而相互竞争。3commitvt.犯(错误)；干(坏事)；把交给；提交；答应责任commitmentn.承诺；义务；保证commitamurder犯谋杀罪commitanerror做错事commitsuicide自杀commitoneselfon对表态；向某人保证commitoneselfto委身于；专心致志于1)thepatient_thehospital.病人被托付给医院。2)hedidnt_himselftoanything.他没有做出任何承诺。3)thejudge_himtotenyearsimprisonment.法官判处他十年有期徒刑。4)i_anerrorinhandlingthebusiness.我承认在处理这一业务上犯了错误。【答案】1)wascommittedto2)commit3)committed4)committed(1)用commit的适当形式填空1)hewouldnot_himselfinanyway.2)inever_suchissue.3)hehas_himselftosupporthisbrotherschildren.【答案】1)commit2)commitmyselfto3)committed(2)名校押题(2010黄冈中学高三适应性考试)maryhasjustgotaninvitationtotheparty.sheisnowina_astowhethertogothereinherolddressortostayathome.abargainbpreferenceccommitmentddilemma【答案与解析】d考查名词词义。bargain“讨价还价”；preference“喜欢的事物”；commitment“承诺；义务；保证”；dilemma“左右为难；窘境”。题意：mary刚刚接到一份聚会邀请。但是她现在处在一个进退两难的境遇中，因为她在考虑是穿着自己的旧晚礼服去参加舞会还是待在家。4involvev使(某事物)成为必要条件或结果；需要；使卷入；涉及；包括involvedoingsth需要做某事involvesbindoingsth使某人加入/参加做某事beinvolvedin与有关系beinvolvedwithsb与某人关系密切1)severalofficials_thematter.几位官员被卷入这件事中。2)dont_yourownbusiness.别把我牵扯到你的事情中去。3)allthechildren_theschoolplay.所有的孩子都参加了学校排练的节目。4)beingaquietsortoffellow,ididntwantto_.作为一个喜欢清静的人，我不想介入。【答案】1)wereinvolvedin2)involvemein3)wereinvolvedin4)getinvolved(1)用involve的适当形式填空1)thefirstseries_severalbasicsteps.2)he_aheatedargument.3)thewitnesssstatement_you_therobbery.【答案】1)involves2)wasinvolvedin3)involves;in(2)名校押题(2010安徽省蚌埠市二联)hecamebackandsadlytoldhiswifethatmorethanonedefendant(被告)_inthecase.aisinvolvedbareinvolvedcwasinvolveddwereinvolved【答案与解析】c考查主谓一致。beinvolvedin“参与某事”；从主从一致的原则来看，应选用过去式；宾语从句的真正主语是morethanonedefendant应用单数形式。5servevt.&vi.为服务；接待；端(菜)；服役serveas担当；充任；作之用servefor作为用；担任；起作用servewith向提供；把交给serveon担任的职务；成为中的一员servesbsinterests符合的利益servetheneedsof适应的需要1)thesoldier_thearmyforthreeyears.这个士兵在部队服役三年了。2)letthosewhocan_teachers.能者为师。3)havealltheguestsbeen_foodanddrink?给所有的客人都上了饭菜饮品了吗？4)thetowniswell_publictransport.这个城镇公共交通设施很完善。【答案】1)hasservedin2)serveas3)servedwith4)servedwith(1)用serve的适当形式填空1)itcan_teachingmaterialbynegativeexamples.2)iamstillwaitingto_.3)mygardener_mewellfortenyears.4)thissuitcan_beingbeautiful.【答案】1)serveas2)beserved3)hasserved4)serveyourneedof(2)名校押题(2010福建质检)thissofausedto_abedwhenarelativecametostaywithus.aserveasbuseforcmakeintodstandfor【答案与解析】a考查动词短语辨析。serveas“担当；充任；作之用”；usefor“用作”，在此句中应用被动语态；makeinto“把转变成；使成为”；standfor“代表”。题意：这个沙发在有亲戚来时当做床用。重点短语探究1getalongwith与某人相处；(工作的)进展getalong/onwell/nicely/badlywith与相处得好/不好；进展顺利/不顺利getaway离开；逃离getdown下来；写下；取下getdownto(doing)开始认真干getover克服；摆脱getthrough通过；做完gettogether聚集getacross(使某事)传播或为人理解1)heisnoteasygoing.itsveryhardto_him.他不是个随和的人，很难相处。2)howareyou_yourwork？工作进展如何？3)i_alotofbusinesstoday.我今天已经做完了许多事情了。【答案】1)getalongwith2)gettingalongwith3)havegotthrough(1)用get的相关短语填空1)thievesrobbedthebankand_alotofmoney.2)hesnotverygoodat_hisideas_.3)itstimethati_someseriouswork.4)ithinktheproblemcanbe_withouttoomuchdifficulty.【答案】1)gotawaywith2)getting;across3)gotdownto4)gotover(2)名校押题(2010安庆市二模)mrjoe,principaloftheschool,advisedthatallthekids_theburdensiftheywantedtodobetter.acarryoutbputawaycbreakdowndgetoff【答案与解析】bcarryout“执行；进行”；putaway“把某物放到一边；把某人关起来”；breakdown“停止运转；失败；瓦解”；getoff“离开某地或出发；不在讨论(某事)”。题意：mrjoe校长建议如果孩子们想要表现得更好点的话就要放下负担。2pullthrough使从(受伤)中活过来；渡过难关pullin进站；靠岸；吸引pullout出站；拔出pullup制止；停住pulldown拆毁；推翻pullon对有吸引力1)thisnewlyliberatedcountryisgoingtohavearoughtime,butitwill_.这个新解放的国家将遇到艰难困苦，但是它必将渡过难关。2)heisstillquitesick,butthedoctorissurehewill_.他的病依然相当重，但医生相信他会痊愈。3)planshavebeenputforwardto_andrebuildthearea.要把这个地区的房屋推倒重建的计划已经提出。【答案】1)pullthrough2)pulthrough3)pulldown(1)用pull的相关短语填空1)assoonasthebus_，allthepassengersrushedtogetseats.2)forsomeweekswewonderedifshewould_herillness.3)halfthehousesinthestreet_tomakeroomforthenewpostoffice.【答案】1)pulledin2)pullthrough3)havebeenpulleddown(2)名校押题(2010浙江省台州市二模)iwasluckyenoughtogetonthetrainbeforeit_.apulledonbpulleddowncpulledindpulledout【答案与解析】d考查动词词组辨析。pullon“对有吸引力”；pulldown“拆毁；推翻”；pullin“进站；靠岸；吸引”；pullout“出站；拔出”。题意：我很幸运，在火车出站之前上车了。3ononesown单独地；独自地ofonesown属于某人自己的(常用作后置定语)foronesowngood/benefit/safety为某人自己好(安全)1)thepoetwantedtowanderthosecountries_.诗人想独自漫游那些国家。2)hehassetupafirm_.他开了一家自己的公司。3)_safety,pleasefastenyourseatbelts.为了安全起见，请系好安全带。【答案】1)onhisown2)ofhisown3)foryourown(1)用own的适当形式填空1)icantcarryit_，itsfartooheavy.2)ifyouareasensibleman,youwillworkhard_.3)iliveall_butineverfeellonely.【答案】1)onmyown2)foryourownbenefit3)onmyown(2)名校押题(2010大连质检)childrenneedfriends_theirownagetoplaywith.a.ofb.forcind.at【答案与解析】a考查介词辨析。题意：孩子需要同龄朋友一起玩。4agreewith赞成；同意；与一致；适合agreewith后面常接表示人或意见(看法)词作宾语。agreeto“同意；赞成”，后面跟表示“提议；办法；计划；安排”等名词或代词。agreeon表示经过协商，在方面取得一致意见，主语必须指协议的双方或多方。agree也可以用作及物动词，后接不定式或that从句作宾语。1)shenoddedtoshowthatshe_me.她点头表示同意我的意见。2)doesshe_oursuggestion?她赞成我们的提议吗？3)weve_spainforourholidaynextyear.我们一致同意明年去西班牙度假。【答案】1)agreedwith2)agreeto3)agreedon(1)用agree的相关短语填空1)iadmiredhimand_hisviews.2)muchtoourdisappointment,hedidnt_ourarrangement.3)uncleli_takecareofmychildfortheweekend.【答案】1)agreedwith2)agreeto3)hasagreedto(2)名校押题(2010湖南湘潭模拟)whendidyoulasthear_jay?hephonedmethismorning,andweagreed_atimeandplacetomeet.aof;tobabout;withcfrom;withdfrom;on【答案与解析】d考查介词。第1空hearfrom“接到某人来信”；第2空agreeon“在某方面意见达成一致”，都是固定搭配。5giveup放弃；戒掉giveaway赠送；泄露；免费给予givein屈服；投降；提交giveback归还；交回；送回giveoff散发出(光、热、气味等)giveout分发；分配；发表；散发出；用尽1)he_thebadnewsyesterday.他昨天宣布了这个坏消息。2)she_statesecretstotheenemy.她将国家机密泄露给敌人了。3)theauthoritiesshowednosignsof_tothekidnappersdemands.当局对绑架者的要求丝毫没有让步的迹象4)thisfiredoesntseemto_muchheat.这炉火好像不太热。【答案】1)gaveout2)gaveaway3)givingin4)giveoff(1)用give的相关短语填空1)hisboardliverpoolaccent_him_.2)shesatoughplayer,shenever_.3)theteacher_theexaminationpapers.【答案】1)gave;away2)givesin3)gaveout(2)名校押题(2010江苏盐城高三第三次调研)smithwascontinuallypressuredbyhisfatherto_hismusicanddosomethingworthwhile.atakeupbgiveupcpickupdbringup【答案与解析】b考查动词词组辨析。takeup“占据；开始从事”；giveup“放弃”；pickup“捡起；偶然获得”；bringup“培养；培育”。题意：smith不断受到来自父亲让他放弃音乐去做一些有意义的事情的压力。重点句型探究1.patwasinthebathroomwithahairdryerinherhandwhensheheardacrash.pat在浴室里手上拿着电吹风的时候听到了一声爆炸声。with复合结构：with宾语ving/ved/todo/adj./adv./prep.短语。由“介词with宾语宾语补足语”构成的复合结构在句中通常作为状语，表示背景情况，为方式，原因或条件等。另外，该结构也可以作为定语使用。下面简述几种情况：如果在该结构中的分词表示的动作是由前面的名词或代词发出的，构成主谓关系，该分词用现在分词形式。如果分词表示的动作与前面的名词或代词构成动宾关系，该分词用过去分词形式。宾语补足语也可以使用介词短语、形容词或副词来充当。【仿写所有的灯都亮着，广场看上去更漂亮了。_【答案】thesquarelooksmorebeautifulwithallthelightson.1)theymadeitthere_.他们没有浪费一点时间赶到了那里。2)thecoachcalledtimeout_ontheclock.教练在还有10秒钟剩余时喊了暂停。3)_，whoneedsenemies?有这样的朋友，谁还需要敌人？【答案】1)withnotimetospare2)withtensecondsleft3)withfriendslikethatwith宾语副词：withhisparentsaway(ashisparentsareaway),tombecomesmorenaughty.因为爸爸妈妈都走了，tom变得更为淘气了。with宾语介词短语：theteachercameinwithabookinhishand(whileabookwasinhishand).老师进来了，手里拿着一本书。with宾语现在分词：withtheteacherstandingbeside(astheteacherwasstandingbeside)，shefeltabituneasy.由于老师站在边上，她感觉到一点不安。with宾语过去分词：withhishaircut(ashishairhasbeencut),helooksmuchyounger.他理发之后看起来年轻多了。with宾语不定式：withhertogowithus(asshewillgowithus),weresuretohaveapleasantjourney.有她跟我们一起，我们肯定能有一个愉快的旅程。(1)完成句子1)thehousecaughtabigfirelastnight,_(里面的东西都没有了)2)_(下学期史密斯先生教他们英语),theywillbegreatlyimprovedinspokenenglish.3)_(随着冬天的到来),theweatherisbecomingcolderandcolder.【答案】1)withnothingleftinit2)withmrsmithtoteachthemenglishnextterm3)withwintercoming(2)名校押题(2010山东省六校五联)themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands_behindhisback.atobetiedbbeingtiedctieddhavingtied【答案与解析】c考查with的复合结构。将原句恢复：“withhands(whichwere)tiedbehindhisback”可得出答案。2.whatwerehelicoptersdoingasyangliweireturnedtotheearthsatmosphere?当杨利伟返回地球大气层时，直升机在干什么？这是一个复合句，asyangliweireturnedtotheearthsatmosphere是时间状语从句，whatwere.是主句，as引导时间状语从句。时间状语从句通常由after,as,before,since,till,when,while,assoonas等引导，还有一些词或词组也可以用来引导时间状语从句。themoment,theminute,theinstant,用作连词，引导时间状语从句，用法相当于assoonas。immediately,directly,instantly用作连词，引导时间状语从句，用法相当于assoonas。从属连词nosooner.than,hardly.when也能引导时间状语从句，如果把nosooner,hardly放在句首就要用倒装语序。词组everytime,nexttime,lasttime,也可用作连词，引导时间状语从句。【仿写】当电话铃响的时候，james正在看书。_【答案】jameswasreadingbooksasthephonerang.1)althoughwehadntmetformanyyears,irecognizedher_.尽管我们有很多年没见面了，但是第一眼看到她的时候我就认出了她。2)_iknewhewasmybrother.我一看到他就知道他是我的兄弟。3)_hewasaskedtoleaveagain.他刚到就被要求离开。4)_shestartedcryingtogohome.我们刚到她就哭着要回家。【答案】1)theminuteisawher2)theinstantisawhim3)hehadnosoonerarrivedthan4)hardlyhadwearrivedwhen(1)完成句子1)themachinewillstart_(一就)thebuttonispressed.2)_hadwesatdown