牛津英汉双解大辞典 B(A至Z).doc

B(AZ).txt B, b/ bi:; bi/ n (pl Bs, bs/ bi:z; biz/) 1 the second letter of the English alphabet : There are three bs in bubble. bubbleb.2 (music ) the seventh note in the scale of C majorC. 3 academic mark of second highest standard : get (a) B/B in English B.B-road n (in Britain) less important road than a motorway or an A-road, often narrow and winding BA, .B/ bi:; bi/ abbr = (of lead used in pencils) black,because soft : a B/BB/2B pencil BB/2B . Cf H, HB.B/ bi:; bi/ symb (Brit) (of roads) secondary B: the B1224 to York B1224 * a B-road B. Cf A.babbr = born: Emily Jane Clifton b 1800. , 1800. Cf d 2.B and B (also b and b)/ 9bi: En 5bi:; 9bi En bi/ abbr = (Brit infml ) bed and breakfast.B Ed/ 9bi: 5ed; 9bi Zd/ abbr = Bachelor of Education : have/be a B Ed * Dilip Patel B Ed .B Eng/ 9bi:5endV; 9biZndV/ abbr = Bachelor of Engineering : have/be a B Eng * Greg James B Eng .B Litt/ 9bi: 5lIt; 9bi lIt/ abbr = Bachelor of Letters : have/be a B Litt in English * Sue Hill B Litt İ.BA/ 9bi: 5eI; 9bi e/ abbr = 1 (US AB) Bachelor of Arts : have/be a BA in history * Jim Fox BA (Hons) . 2 British Airways : flight BA430 to Rome 430.B Mus/ 9bi: 5mQs; 9bi mQs/ abbr = Bachelor of Music : have/be a B Mus * John Scott B Mus .B Phil/ 9bi: 5fIl; 9bi fIl/ abbr = Bachelor of Philosophy : have/be a B Phil * Jill Green B Phil .LL B, LL D, LL Mabbrs = Bachelor, Doctor, Master of Laws : have/be an LL B * David Grafton LL B .BA/ 9bi: 5eI; 9bi e/ abbr = 1 (US AB) Bachelor of Arts : have/be a BA in history * Jim Fox BA (Hons) . 2 British Airways : flight BA430 to Rome 430.baa/ bB:; bB/ n cry of a sheep or lamb .baa v (pres p baaing, pt baaed or baad/ bB:d; bBd/) I make this cry; bleat ; .babble/ 5bAbl; bAbl/ v 1 I, Ipr, Ip (a) talk in a way that is difficult or impossible to understand ; : Stop babbling and speak more slowly. , . * tourists babbling (away) in a foreign language . (b) chatter in a thoughtless or confused way ; İ; ; : What is he babbling (on) about? ? 2 I (of streams, etc) make a continuous murmuring sound : a babbling brook .babble n U 1 (a) talk that is difficult or impossible to understand : hear the babble of many voices . (b) foolish talk ; . 2 gentle sound of water flowing over stones, etc .babbler/ 5bAblE(r); bAblL/ n person who babbles ; .babe/ beIb; beb/ n 1 (arch ) baby . 2 (US sl ) young woman ; ; . 3 (idm ) a ,babe in arms (a) very young baby not able to walk or crawl . (b) innocent or helpless person . out of the mouths of babes and sucklings = mouth1.babel/ 5beIbl; bebl/ n sing scene of noisy talking and confusion : a babel of voices in the busy market .baboon/ bE5bu:n; ? bA-; bAbun/ n large African or Arabian monkey with a dog-like face . =illus at monkey monkey.baby/ 5beIbI; bebI/ n 1 (a) very young child or animal ; : Both mother and baby are doing well. . * attrib a ,baby boy/girl * a baby thrush, monkey, crocodile . (b) (infml ) youngest member of a family or group : Hes the baby of the team. . (c) childish or timid person ; : Stop crying and dont be such a baby. , . 2 (a) (sl esp US) young woman, esp a mans girl-friend ; . (b) (US sl ) person . 3 attrib very small of its kind : a baby car . 4 (idm ) be ,ones baby (infml ) be sth that one has created or has in ones care ; : Its your baby, ie You must deal with it. leave sb holding the baby = leave1. smooth as a babys bottom = smooth1. start a baby = start2. throw the baby out with the bath water foolishly discard a valuable idea, plan, etc at the same time as one is getting rid of sth unpleasant or undesirable , ; , .baby v (pt, pp babied) Tn treat (sb) like a baby; pamper ; İİ: Dont baby him. İİ.babyhood n sing (a) state of being a baby . (b) time when one is a baby .babyish adj of, like or suitable for a baby ; ; : Now that Ned can read he finds his early picture books too babyish. , .baby carriage (US) = pram.baby-faced adj having a smooth round babyish face .baby grand small grand piano .baby-minder n person paid to look after a baby for long periods (eg while the parents are working) ; .baby-sit v (-tt-; pt -sat)I be a baby-sitter : She regularly baby-sits for us. . baby-sitter n (infml ) (also sitter) person who looks after a child for a short time while the parents are out ; . baby-sitting n U.baby-snatcher n woman who steals a baby, esp from its pram .baby-talk n unnatural or simplified language used by or to babies before they can speak properly .baby tooth (esp US) = milk tooth (milk).baccalaureate/ 9bAkE5lR:rIEt; 9bAkElRrIIt/ n last secondary school examination in France and in many international schools : sit, take, pass, fail, etc ones baccalaureate .baccarat/ 5bAkErB:; 9bAkErB/ n U card-game played by gamblers .bacchanal/ 5bAkEnl; bAkEnl/ n (pl s or ia/ 9bAk-E5neIlIE; 9bAkEnelIE/) (dated or fml ) bout of noisy, drunken merrymaking . bacchana-lian/ 9bAkE5neIlIEn; 9bAkEnelIEn/ adj: bacchanalian revels .baccy/ 5bAkI; bAkI/ n U (Brit infml ) tobacco İ.bachelor/ 5bAtFElE(r); bAtFElL/ n 1 (a) unmarried man ; : He remained a bachelor all his life. . * a confirmed bachelor, ie one who has decided never to marry * attrib a bachelor girl, ie an unmarried woman who lives independently . Cf spinster. (b) attrib of or suitable for an unmarried person ; : a bachelor flat . 2 person who holds a first university degree : a bachelors degree * Bachelor of Arts/Science .bacillus/ bE5sIlEs; bEsIlEs/ n (pl -cilli/ bE5sIlaI; bEsIlaI/) rod-like bacterium, esp one of the types that cause disease .back/ bAk; bAk/ n 1 part or surface of an object that is furthest from the front; part that is less used, less visible or less important ; ; ; : If you use mirrors you can see the back of your head. . * The index is at the back (of the book). . * The child sat in the back (of the car) behind the driver. , . * I was at the back (of the cinema) and couldnt see well. , . * Write your address on the back (of the cheque). . * a room at the back of the house İ * a house with a garden at the back İ * You cant cut with the back of the knife. . * the back of ones hand, ie the side with the nails and the knuckles . Cf front 1. 2 (a) rear part of the human body from the neck to the buttocks; spine ; : He lay on his back and looked up at the sky. . * She broke her back in a climbing accident. . (b) part of an animals body that corresponds to this : Fasten the saddle on the horses back. . =illus at horse horse. 3 part of a garment covering the back . 4 part of a chair against which a seated persons back rests ; . =illus at App 1 1, page xvi. 5 (in football, etc) defensive player whose position is near the goal . 6 (idm ) at the back of ones mind in ones thoughts, but without being of immediate or central concern : At the back of his mind was the vague idea that he had met her before. . the ,back of beyond an isolated place, far from a centre of social and cultural activity ; : They live somewhere at the back of beyond. . ,back to back with back against back : Stand back to back and lets see whos taller. , . ,backless adj (of dress) cut low at the back1(2a) .backache n U, C ache or pain in the back1(2a) ; .backbone n 1 C line of bones down the middle of the back from the skull to the hips; spine; spinal column ; ; . =illus at skeleton skeleton. 2 sing (fig ) chief support ; : Such people are the backbone of the country. . 3 U (fig ) strength; firmness ; : He has no backbone, ie lacks stamina, perseverance, strength of character, etc. . 4 (idm ) to the backbone thoroughly .back-breaking adj exhausting : back-breaking work, effort, etc .backpack n (esp US) = rucksack. backpacker n. backpacking n U.backrest n support for the back1(2a) .backscratcher n device with claws on a long handle for scratching ones own back1(2a) , , .backstroke n U swimming stroke done on ones back in the water .back/ bAk; bAk/ adj (esp attrib and in compounds; no comparative or superlative ; ) 1 situated behind : a back garden * the back door * back teeth * back streets, ie usu narrow streets in a poor part of a town . 2 (a) of or for a past time ; : back issues of a magazine . (b) owed for a time in the past; overdue ; : back pay/taxes/rent /. 3 (phonetics ) (of a vowel) formed at the back of the mouth . 4 (idm ) put sth on the back burner (infml ) put work, etc aside to be dealt with later İ. by/through the back door in an unfair illegal way : He used his influential friends to help him get into the civil service by the back door. , .back-bench n (usu pl ) (Brit) seat in the House of Commons for a back-bencher : sit on the back-benches * attrib ,back-bench MPs . back-bencher n (Brit) member of Parliament who does not hold an important position in the government or opposition .backcloth n (Brit) printed cloth hung at the back of a stage in a theatre, as part of the scenery .backdrop n = backcloth.backhand n sing (in tennis, etc) stroke or blow made with the back of the hand turned towards the opponent : He has a good backhand, ie can make good backhand shots. . * attrib a backhand stroke, shot, drive, etc. Cf forehand.backhanded adj usu attrib 1 played as a backhand . 2 indirect ; : a ,backhanded compliment, ie one made in a sarcastic way so that it is not a compliment at all , .backhander n (sl ) bribe .backlist n publishers list of books still in print .backlog n (usu sing ) accumulation of work or business not yet attended to ; : a backlog of work, unanswered letters * After the postal strike there was a huge backlog of undelivered mail. , .back number issue of a periodical of an earlier date, not now on sale .back road (esp US) = by-road.back room n 1 (esp unimportant) room at the back of a building , . 2 (idm ) ,back-room boys (infml esp Brit) scientists, engineers, research workers, etc who receive little public attention .back seat 1 seat at the back of a car, etc . 2 (idm ) a ,back-seat driver (derog ) passenger in a car who gives unwanted advice to the driver . take a back seat (fig ) behave as if one were unimportant; take a less prominent part in sth ; .backside n (infml ) buttocks : Get off your backside and do some work! , !backstage adv 1 behind the stage in a theatre ; : I was taken backstage to meet the actors. İ. 2 (fig ) unseen by the public : Id like to know what really goes on backstage in government. .backwater n (usu sing ) 1 part of a river not reached by the current, where the water does not flow . 2 (fig ) place that remains unaffected by events, progress, new ideas, etc ; : I find this town too much of a backwater. .backwoods n pl 1 uncleared forest land . 2 remote or sparsely inhabited region . 3 culturally backward area . backwoodsman/ -mEn; -mEn/ n (pl -men/-mEn; -mEn/) person who lives in the backwoods /.backyard n (also yard) 1 (a) (Brit) (esp of terraced houses) usu paved area at the back of a house İİ. (b) (US) whole area behind and belonging to a house, including the lawn, garden, etc İİ, İ. 2 (fig ) area that is very close (used esp in the expression shown) : in ones own backyard, ie within ones own organization .back/ bAk; bAk/ adv part 1 (a) towards or at the rear; away from the front or centre ; ; : Stand back to allow the procession to pass. , . * Sit well back in your chair. . * Youve combed your hair back. . * The house stands back (ie at some distance) from the road. İ. * We passed a garage, about a mile back. , . Cf forward1 1. (b) under control ; : He could no longer hold back his tears. . * The barriers failed to hold/keep the crowds back. . 2 (a) in(to) an earlier position, condition or stage : Put the book back on the shelf. . * Please give me my ball back. . * My aunt is just back (ie has just returned) from Paris. . * It takes me an hour to walk there and back. . * We shall be back (ie home again) by six oclock. . * The party expects to be back in power after the election. . (b) (of time) ago; into the past , İ: (way) back in the Middle Ages İ * That was a few years back. . 3 in return : If he kicks me, Ill kick him back. , . * Jane wrote him a long letter, but he never wrote back. , . * She smiled at him, and he smiled back. , . 4 (idm ) ,back and forth from one place to another and back again repeatedly : ferries sailing back and forth between Dover and Calais . (in) back of sth (US infml ) behind sth : the houses back of the church İ.backbite v (pt, pp backbitten) I (esp in the continuous tenses ) slander the reputation of sb who is not present . backbiter n person who bac