摘要
冲压加工是现代机械制造业中先进高效的加工方法之一。它是利用安装在压力机上的模具,在常温或加热的条件下对板材施加压力使其变形和分解,从而获得一定形状、尺寸的零件加工方法。采用普通的冲压的模具生产较率低,且费用较高,经估算占冲压件总成本的30%~40%,甚至更高一些。根据工件特点选择采用级进模冲压生产以提高生产效率、降低生产成本。本次设计采用级进模冲压生产。本文对采用级进模冲压生产弯角的分析,计算以及具体方案做了介绍。
关键词:弯角;级进模;冲压
Cylindrical Sensor Housing Stamping Die Design
Abstract
The stamping is one of the modern machinery manufacturing state-of-the-art and efficient processing methods. It is installed in the press mold, and applying pressure to deform and decomposition of the plate under the conditions of room temperature or heated to obtain a certain shape, the size of the parts processing method. The ordinary stamping mold production is relatively low, and the cost is higher, the estimate accounted for 30% to 40% of the total cost of stamping parts, and even higher. According to the work piece characteristics of progressive die stamping production in order to improve production efficiency, reduce production costs. The design uses a progressive die stamping production. Analysis of progressive die stamping corner, computing, and specific programs is introduced.
Key Words: Corners; Progressive die; Stamping
目 录
1 绪论.......................................................................................................................1
1.1全面推广CAD/CAM/CAE技术.............................................................................1
1.2高速铣削加工........................................................................................................1
1.3模具扫描及数字化系统..........................................................................................1
1.4电火花铣削加工.....................................................................................................2
1.5提高模具标准化程度..............................................................................................2
1.6优质材料及先进表面处理技术................................................................................2
1.7模具研磨抛光将自动化、智能化............................................................................2
1.8模具自动加工系统的发展.......................................................................................2
1.9级进模的优缺点.....................................................................................................2
2 设计初始资料.......................................................................................................4
2.1技术要求...............................................................................................................4
2.2工件生产批量........................................................................................................5
2.3原材料规格及毛坯情况..........................................................................................5
3 分析冲压零件(弯角)的工艺性.......................................................................6
3.1冲压件经济性分析.................................................................................................6
3.2冲压件工艺性分析.................................................................................................6
3.3冲模制造精度的选择..............................................................................................6
3.4其他方面...............................................................................................................7
4 确定工艺方案及模具形式...................................................................................8
4.1排样.....................................................................................................................8
4.2工序的确定...........................................................................................................8
4.3搭边类型的确定....................................................................................................8
4.4卸料板的选择........................................................................................................9
5 工艺计算.............................................................................................................10
5.1毛坯工艺计算......................................................................................................10
5.1.1排样及搭边值的计算........................................................................................10
5.1.2步距的计算.....................................................................................................10
5.1.3条料宽度的确定...............................................................................................11
5.1.4材料利用率的计算...........................................................................................11
5.1.5板料的裁剪.....................................................................................................12
5.2冲压力的计算......................................................................................................12
5.2.1冲裁力计算.....................................................................................................12
5.2.2卸料力、推件力和顶件力计算..........................................................................13
5.2.3计算总冲压力..................................................................................................14
5.3确定压力中心......................................................................................................14
5.3.1压力中心.........................................................................................................14
5.3.2压力中心的计算..............................................................................................15
5.4凸凹模工作部分尺寸计算.....................................................................................16
5.4.1尺寸计算原则..................................................................................................16
5.4.2冲裁间隙的选择..............................................................................................16
5.4.3凸凹模刃口尺寸..............................................................................................17
5.5确定各主要零件结构尺寸(凹凸模的设计)..........................................................20
5.5.1凹模的结构设计与标准化.................................................................................20
5.5.2凸模的结构设计与标准化.................................................................................22
5.6初选冲压设备......................................................................................................23
6 模具强度校核.....................................................................................................24
6.1模具失效形式......................................................................................................24
6.2对冲裁部分的模具零件进行校核计算....................................................................24
7 压力机的选用.....................................................................................................25
7.1压力机的校核......................................................................................................25
8 模具零部件设计.................................................................................................27
8.1模具标准件的选择...............................................................................................27
8.1.1模架的选用.....................................................................................................27
8.1.2导向装置的确定..............................................................................................27
8.1.3模柄的选择.....................................................................................................28
8.1.4冲压加工时定位部分的设计.............................................................................29
8.1.5卸料形式的确定..............................................................................................29
8.1.6导料装置的确定..............................................................................................29
8.2模具材料的选用...................................................................................................30
9 模具的装配.........................................................................................................31
10 技术经济性分析...............................................................................................32
10.1冲裁件的经济性分析..........................................................................................32
10.2模具的经济性分析..............................................................................................32
11 结论...................................................................................................................34
参考文献...............................................................................................................35
致谢.......................................................................................................................36
毕业设计(论文)知识产权声明.......................................................................37
毕业设计(论文)独创性声明...........................................................................38
附录.......................................................................................................................39
1 绪论
现代工业的发展要求各行各业产品更新换代快,对模具的需求量加大。我国设计生产的冲压模大多为简单模、单工序模和符合模等,精冲模,精密多工位级进模还为数不多,模具平均寿命不足100万次,模具最高寿命达到1亿次以上,精度达到3~5um,有50个以上的级进工位,与国际上最高模具寿命6亿次,平均模具寿命5000万次相比,处于80年代中期国际先进水平。一般模具国内可以自行制造,但很多大型复杂、精密和长寿命的多工位级进模大型精密塑料模复杂压铸模和汽车覆盖件模等仍需依靠进口,近年来模具进口量已超过国内生产的商品模具的总销售量。为了推进社会主义现代化建设,适应国民经济各部门发展的需要,模具工业面临着进一步技术结构调整和加速国产化的繁重任务。目前我国模具产品水平和生产工艺水平总体上比国际先进水平低许多,而模具生产周期却要比国际先进水平长许多。产品水平低主要表现在精度、型腔表面粗糙度、寿命及模具的复杂程度上;工艺水平低主要表现在设计、加工、工艺装备等方面。
模具技术的发展应该为适应模具产品“交货期短”、“精度高”、“质量好”、“价格低”的要求服务。达到这一要求急需发展如下几项:





