九年级专项复习-单项选择之动词.doc

单项选择之动词一、系动词系动词be系动词不能独立作谓语，必须与表语一起构成谓语，称作“系表结构”，说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份。I am a teacher. 我是一名老师。There be结构,易出错例：There_ a basketball match this afternoon.A is going to be B is going to have C are going to be D are going to have 答案：A感官系动词 感官系动词主要有 feel, smell, sound, taste, This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布手感很软。 This flower smells very sweet. 这朵花闻起来很香。变化系动词这些系动词表示主语变成什么样.变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, get,例如：He became mad after that. 自那之后，他疯了。 She grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就富了。 持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay等例如： He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。 This matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一个谜。 表像系动词 用来表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look, 例如： He looks tired. 他看起来很累。 He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起来很伤心。二、情态动词I. 情态动词基本用法：情态动词用法否定式疑问式与简答can能力（体力，智力，技能）允许或许可（口语中常用）可能性（表猜测，用于否定句或疑问句中）can not / cannot /cant doCan you swim?Yes, I can.No, I cant.couldcouldnt domay可以（问句中表示请求）可能，或许（表推测）祝愿（用于倒装句中）may not do May I go now? Yes,you may.No,you mustnt/cant.mightmight not do/must必须，应该（表主观要求）肯定，想必（肯定句中表推测）must not/mustnt do 禁止，不准Must I finish the work now? Yes,you must.No,you neednt/You dont have to.have to只好，不得不（客观的必须，有时态人称变化）dont have to doDo you have to go?Yes,I do. No,I dont.used to过去常常（现在已不再）didnt use to doDiduse to do?Yes,did. No,didnt.II. 情态动词must, may, might, could, can表示推测：以must为例。must + do(be)是推测现在存在的一般状态进行；must + be doing 推测可能正在进行的事情 1. must“肯定，一定”语气强，只用于肯定句中。He must be a man from America. / He must be talking with his friend. 2. can/may /might/could/“也许”， He may not be at home. It might/could be Jims hat. He often wears a blue hat.The weather in that city could be cold now. III. 情态动词注意点： can和be able to: 都可以表示能力。但be able to可以表达“某事终于成功”，而can无法表达此意。Be able to有更多的时态。另外，两者不能重叠使用。三、 （非）延续性动词延续性动词：how long，since，for，等所在肯定句中的主句谓语要用延续性动词(以下划线部分)： We have been in Jinan for ten years. How long may I keep this book? Ive lived here since 2002. 但否定句中可用短暂性动词，如下面的see与leave： I havent seen you for a long time. 另外，请观察以下短暂性动词转换成延续性动词的常见表达： lose be lost. start / begin to dodo go offbe off join be instart, beginbe on turn onbe on move tolive in put onwearendbe over get, buyhave, own borrowkeepdiebe dead go outbe out fall asleepbe asleepfinishbe over get upbe up marrybe married comebe here returnbe back sleepbe asleeparrive in, get to, reachbe in, stay in leave, go away (from)be away (from)get / become + adj be + adj. open(动词，“打开”) be open(形容词，表状态)close(动词，“关闭”)be closed(过去分词，表状态) 如以下例子的划线部分(并注意黑体部分的变化)：The dog died five hours ago. The dog has been dead for five hours.I lost my dictionary two weeks ago. My dictionary has been lost since two weeks ago.He began to teach English last year. .He has taught English for one year.Lucy arrived in Beijing the day before yesterday. Lucy has been in Beijing for two days.I bought this bike six months ago. I have had this book since six months ago.My friend borrowed the book last month. My friend has kept the book for a month.He left Beijing in 1990. He has been away from Beijing since 1990.走进中考：(2011 济南) 54. How long have you _ the job? For only a week. A. find B. lost C. had D. start （2012 济南）41. Do you know Tom? Sure, we have _in the same village for many years. A. left B. lived C. come D. gone（2013 济南）54. How long has Robert _? Since 2004.A. been to Beijing B. become a policeman C. joined the art club D. studied in this school（2014 济南）48. How long have your parents _? For about 15 years.A. left their hometown B. got to JinanC. joined the pingpong club D. worked in this city四、常用跟不定式的动词表动词不定式（短语）的句法功能非常广泛,在句中可作主语、宾语、补足语、表语、定语及状语等成分.一、作主语 （1）动词不定式作主语时,谓语动词常常用单数.例如： To do morning exercises is useful for our health. 做早操有利于我们的健康. To sweep the floor is my duty every day. 每天打扫地板是我的责任.（2）如果动词不定式太长,常常用 it 作形式主语,而将真正的主语动词不定式后置.例如： It took me half an hour to walk there我走到那儿花了半小时的时间.Its important for us to learn English well对我们来说,学好英语是重要的.二、作宾语 （1）能够接动词不定式作宾语的有 want, need, expect, decide, , fail, hope, manage, offer, plan, promise, refuse, wish,seem 及 would like/love 等动词, I hope to visit this place again. 我希望能再度访问此地. The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车.（2）动词不定式与名等词构成复合宾语时,通常要用 it 作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语动词不定式后置.例如： I think it our duty to obey the laws. 我认为遵守法律是我们的义务. I found it difficult to see him here. 我发现在这里见到他是很难的.三、作补足语 （1）某些动词在主动式中后接动词不定式作宾语补足语；在被动式中,由于原来的宾语变成了主语,故原来的宾语补足语变成了主语补足语.这类动词常用的有 want,ask, expect, tell, encourage,allow,warn, wish,invite等.例如：They told him not to be late again.他们告诉他不要再迟到了.He was told not to be late again. She invited me to have dinner with her yesterday昨天她请我一起进餐.四、和疑问词连用：不定式前可用what,who,which,where,when,how,why等疑问词构成不定式短语He told me where to find the book. 他告诉我了在哪找到这本书的.Do you know how to play football? 你知道怎样踢足球吗?五、可省略to的动词表（1）不定式在感观动词（feel, listen to, hear, see, notice, look at, watch）、使役动词（let, make, have）后作宾语补足语时，通常省去to。如：Let me help you.（2）不定式在help后作宾补时，可带to，也可省略to。如：I helped him（to）find his lost watch.(注意：以上两种情况变成被动语态时要加上to) 如：She was seen to go into the classroom.（3）如果两个或多个不定式并列使用时，常在第一个不定式前面加to，后面一般都省略.如：To try and fail is better than not to try at all.动词-ing形式做宾语的情况（1）有些动词和动词短语后接作宾语的是动词-ing，常见的这类动词有： avoid， dislike， enjoy， finish， imagine，mind， miss， pardon，practise， suggest等。 He avioded meeting his teacher last night.（2）大部分“动词+介词”短语动词，只能后接动词-ing作宾语。这些动词短语有：think of， give up， put off， be good at， do well in， cant help， keep on， feel like， be tired（afraid， fond）of等。 Dont put off making plans again.（3）以下为to作介词的短语有：be used to， look forward to， prefer to，pay attention to,等。Do you feel like having a drink？I prefer swimming to playing basketball.六、动词短语七年级上册动词短语过关检测1.劳驾;请原谅excuse me2.为而感谢thank you for3.请求;给予askfor4.快点儿come on5.让我们(一起)lets=let us6.看电视watch TV7.思考;思索think about8.再见!See you!9.过得愉快!Have a good time! 七年级下册动词短语过关检测1.下国际象棋play chess2.说英语speak English3.擅长于be good at 4 跟。说talk to5 弹钢琴play the piano6 拉小提琴play the violin7 善于应付。的be good with8 结交朋友make friends9 在某方面帮助help(sb)with sth10 在周末on the weekend11 起床；站起get up12 穿上衣服get dressed13 淋浴take a shower14 做作业do(ones)homework15 散步；走一走take a walk16 乘地铁take the subway17 骑自行车ride a bike18 认为thing of19 实现；成为现实come true20 准时(be)on time21 听listen to22 外出（娱乐）go out 23 清洗餐具do the dishes24 铺床make(ones)bed25（对某人）要求严格be strict(with sb)26 遵守纪律follow the rules27 迷路get lost28处于（极大）危险之中be in(great)danger29 砍倒cut down30 由。制成的(be)made of31 看报纸read a newspaper32 做汤make soup33 看电影go to the movies34 出去吃饭eat out35 喝茶drink tea36 捎个口信；传话take a message37 (给某人）回电话call(sb)back38 沿着（这条街）走go along(the street)39 向右/左转turn right/left40 花时间spend time41 喜欢阅读enjoy resding42 中等身高(be)of medium height43 中等身材(be)of medium build44 愿意；喜欢would like45 点菜take ones order46 许愿make a wish47 受流行；流行get popular48 给。带来好运bring good luck to.49 给奶牛挤牛奶milk a cow50 骑马ride a horse51 喂鸡feed chickens52 对。感兴趣be interested in53 深夜不睡；熬夜stay up late54 跑开run away55 冲。大声叫嚷shout at.56 放风筝fly a kite 57 抬起；举起put up 58 吃惊get a surprise59 对。大声叫喊shout to.60 把。弄醒wakeup. 八年级上册动词短语过关检测1 给。的感觉；感受到feel like2 关心；在意care about3 与。不同be different from4 使显出；使表现出bring out5 与。相像的be similar to.6 有相同特征have .in common7 是。的责任；由。决定be up to.8 发挥作用；有影响play a role9 编造（故事。谎言）make up10 认真对待take.seriously11 查明；弄清find out12 愿意迅速做某事be ready to13 装扮；乔装打扮dress up14 替代；代替take sbs place15 干得好do a dood job16 长大；成长grow up17 确信；对。有把握be sure about18 确保；查明make sure19 能够做某事be able to20 写下；记录下write down21 关于；与。有关系have to do with22 学着做；开始做take up23 同意；赞成agree with24 参与（某事）play a part25 突然倒下；跌倒fall down26 寻找；寻求look for27 接通；打开turn on28 为。做准备prepare for29 闲逛；常去某处hang out30 照料；照顾look after31 拒绝turn down32 去旅行take a trip33 期望；期待look forward to34 接到信/电话等hear from35 保守秘密keep.to oneself 八年级下册动词短语过关检测1.感冒have a cold2.胃疼have a stomachache3.躺下lie down4.量体温take ones temperature5.发烧have a fever6.休息take breaks/have a rest7.下车get off8.陷入；参与get into9.习惯于be used to 10.冒险take risks11.用尽；耗尽run out of12.切除cut off13.离开；从中出来get out of14.掌管；管理be in control of15.放弃give up16.打扫clean up17.（使）变得高兴； cheer up18.分发；散发give out19.想出；提出come up with20.推迟put off21.分发hand out22.打电话给某人；call up23.照顾；非常喜欢care for24.参加的选拔try out25.修理；装饰fix up26.赠送；捐赠give away27.（外貌或行为）像take after28.建起；设立set up29.影响；有作用make a difference30.倒垃圾take out the rubbish31.依靠；信赖depend on32.照顾；处理take care of33.快速查看；浏览look through34.成功地发展；解决work out35.和睦相处； get on with36.删除；删去cut out37.比较；对比compare with38.（闹钟）发出响声go off39.接电话pick up40.进入梦乡；睡着fall asleep41.逐渐变弱； die down42.看一看have a look43.前往；费力地前进make ones way44.拆除；往下拽；记录take down45.变成turn into46.爱上；喜欢上fall in love47.结婚get married48.（可以）随便（做某事）feel free49.吸入；吞入体内take in50.面对in the face of51.走路时撞着walk into52.绊倒fall over53.赶快；急忙（做某事）hurry up54.察看；观察check out55.清理；丢掉clear out56.放弃；交出part with57.说实在的to be honest58.依据；按照according to59.将视为regard as九年级动词短语过关测试1.在字典中查它们 look up2.天生具有 be born with 3.注意，关注 pay attention to 4.把和联系起来 connect with5.发胖 put on6.摆放 lay out7.最终成为/结束做. end up doing8.路过 pass by/go past9.应对、处理 deal with10.为感到自豪 be proud of11.为骄傲 take pride in12.以闻名 be famous/known for13.有点道理 have a point14.发生 take place15.钦佩，仰慕 look up to 16.把 分开 devide into17.远离 keep away from18.顶嘴 talk back to19.自己做决定 make ones own decision20.妨碍get in the way of 21.追逐 run after22.坚持；固守stick to23.关闭；停止运转 shut off24.顺便访问拜访 drop by/come over to25.大动肝火 get mad26.努力去做 make an effort to do 27.把擦掉 clean off28.脱下；起飞 take off29.特地, 格外努力 go out of ones way to do30.使某人感到宾至如归make sb feel at home31.习惯于 be used to doing32.忽略；不提及leave out 33.成为某人的朋友 be sbs friend34.叫来， 召来 call out35.让. 失望 let sb down36.开除某人 kick sb off37.对某人苛刻 be hard on sb38.齐心合力pull together 39.捎一程 give sb a lift40.赶到 露面show up41.卖光 sell out42.参加take part in43.对有害 be harmful to44.关掉 turn off45.付费 pay for46.采取行动 take action47.好好利用某物put sth to good use48.扔掉 throw away49.摧毁 pull down50.恢复 使想起 remind sb of51.回忆 think back to52.弄得一团糟 make a mess53.沉住气 keep ones cool54.（时间）过去 go by55.信任 believe in56.渴望 be thirsty for57.对某人心存感激 be thankful to58.对有责任 be responsible for59.出发 set out60.分离separate from七、中考真题2012年济南中考真题34.Why do you want to stay at home? Because I _ good when I am with my family. A. smelt B. feel C. taste D. sound.38. Your paintings are so great, David! When did you learn _? Three years ago. A. to meet B. to swim C. to paint D. to sing41. Do you know Tom? Sure, we have _in the same village for many years. A. left B. lived C. come D. gone.43. Attention please. The plane will _ in five minutes. A. take out B. take after C. take off D. take care.46. Look! A book is on the floor. Whose is it?It _be Ricks. It has his name on it.A. mustnt B. cant C. must D. need52.Could you please _the music? My baby is sleeping. Sorry. I will do it right away.A. open up B. turn down C. drop by D. dress up2013年济南中考真题30. Mary, does your brother get _ work by bus? No, he rides a bike. Sometimes he walks.A. in B. on C. to D. for35. I really enjoy the noodles and vegetables. They _ delicious.A. stay B. feel