译林牛津版高中英语模块四key words.doc

译林牛津版高中英语模块四Unit 1 。 share 词语解释n. part/amount of sth.一份（报酬、责任、权利等），股份，例如：If you want a share of the pay, youll have to do your share of the work. 如果你想得到一份报酬，就得做好你该分担的那一份工作。She owns 5000 shares in the company. 她拥有公司的五千股份。Vt. to join with other people in owning, using , or doing something 分享，共有，分担Everyone in the house shares the same bathroom. 家里的人都共用一个浴室。运用：share sth with sb.例如：Would you like to share your experience with the rest of the group?share sth. (out ): to divide and give out in shares 分配，均分例如：His property was shared between his children. 他的财产由他的孩子们平分了。 。 be used to 词语解释：be(get) used to sth; be used to doing sth 习惯于 （某事）的；例如：She gets used to English food. 她开始习惯英国的食物。Im not used to getting up so early. 我不习惯起得那么早。相关链接：be used to do sth 被用来做 used to do sth 过去常常A computer can be used to do all its accounts. 电脑可以用来计算所有的账目。I dont play tennis much these days, but I used to. 我最近不太打网球，可是过去常打。 advertise vt.做广告：为做公开启事，尤指赞扬（某一产品或企业）的质量或优势以促销词语解释1). to make known; call attention to: 引起注意：使变得著名；引起对的注意：I advertised my intention to resign.渲染我要辞职的意向2). to warn or notify: 告诫，告知：This event advertises me that there is such a fact as death.这件事告诫我有死亡这样的事实vi（不及物动词）1). to call the attention of the public to a product or business. 做广告：引起公众对产品或企业的注意We advertised through the newspaper for the products of our factory.我们通过报纸宣传我们厂的产品。2). to inquire or seek in a public notice, as in a newspaper: 登广告：在公告，如报纸上询问或寻找：He advertised for an apartment when he just arrived in this city.在他刚到这个城市时他登广告寻求公寓房。 recommend vt.（及物动词）词语解释1). to praise or commend (one) to another as being worthy or desirable; endorse: 推荐：向另外一个人称赞或推荐（某人或物），认为其有价值或合人心意；担保：They recommended him for the job.他们推荐他做那项工作。He recommended a sedan instead of a station wagon.他推荐了轿子而不是马车2). to make (the possessor, as of an attribute) attractive or acceptable: 使受欢迎：使（其拥有者，如其品质之拥有者）具有吸收力或使之可取：Your plan has very little to recommend it.你的计划几乎毫无可取之处。3). to commit to the charge of another; entrust. 托付：将交给另一个人掌管；信托She recommend a child to her friend when was away.她不在家时把小孩子托给她的朋友照管。4). to advise or counsel: 劝告：建议或忠告：She recommended that we avoid giving offense.她建议我们避免找麻烦派生：recommendation推荐信。 satisfy vt. 使幸福； 使愉快; 使满足，使满意 例如 ：This work does not satisfy me. 这件工作我不满意。 I wasnt satisfied with our treatment at that hotel, so I shall complain to the proprietor. 我不满意我们在那家旅馆受到的待遇,因此我要向旅馆老板投诉。 （常与that连用）使确信；使消除疑虑 例如： I am satisfied that he is guilty. 我确信他有罪。 派生：adj. satisfied; 感到满意的 satisfying令人满足的, 令人满意的例如：The story had a satisfying ending. 那个故事的结局令人满意。 intend vt. 想要, 打算; 企图 ;设计; 计划; 意指, 意思是I intend to go home. 我想回家。The book is intended for beginners. 本书是为初学者编写的。What do you intend by that remark? 你说这话是什么意思? 相关链接 intend 系正式用语, 指“心里已有做某事的目标或计划”, 含有“行动坚决”之意, 如:I intended to write to you.我要给你写信。mean 可与 intend互换, 但强调“做事的意图”, 较口语化, 如:I mean to go to bed earlier tonight.今晚 我想早些睡觉。propose指“公开明确地提出自已的目的或计划”, 如:I proposed to speak for an hour.我想讲一小时。习惯用法be intended to (do)意思是使; 是用来intend for 打算供.使用; 打算送给；打算使.成为; 想让.从事某事。 deal with，vt. 对待, 对付vi. 交易; 经营(in) 应付, 处理, 考虑, 安排(with)，与.有关; 论述, 涉及(with)从事, 参与; 生产; 使用，交际, 打交道, (和.)来往，对待, 处分, 惩处，分发(尤指分纸牌)例如：He is easy to deal with. 他很容易打交道。The committee will deal with this complaint. 委员会将要处理这份投诉The book deals with this problem. 这本书论述了这个问题。The teacher deals fairly with his pupils. 这个教师公平地对待他的学生。How would you deal with an armed burglar? 遇到持有武器的盗贼，你将如何对付？。 be of high quality, be of +抽象名词=be+该名的形容词形式be of great (much) value/ importance/ use/ help/ interest = be very valuable /important/ useful/helpful/ interesting例如：The dictionary is of great help to my translation but that one is of no use.这本字典对我的翻译有很大的帮助，但那本却没用。The reference book is of great importance to my writing. 这本参考书对我的写作是很重要的。of的后也可加上特质名词be of +the same/different size/height/age/colour/weight/type /class etc.We are of the same class.我们是同一个班的。The coins are of different sizes, shape sand metals. 这些硬币大小、形状、质地都不一样。以上这两种of 结构还可以用作宾补和名词的后置定语。Do you think the book of any interest to middle school students? (宾补)Old factory buildings have many halls and workshops of different sizes. (定语)l trick sb into doing sth 词语解释 cause sb to do sth by means of a trick 用计诱使某人做某事例如：She tricked him into marriage/into marrying her. 她施了个巧计诱他娶她为妻。 She was tricked into signing the paper. 她被骗在纸上签了名。l unique词语解释 adj. being the only one of its type 独一无二的；仅有的；唯一的 having no like or equal; unparalleled 独特的；无比的；无双的 例如：a unique work of art 独一无二的艺术品 a unique opportunity 难得的机会 a unique ability 独有的能力运用：【作表语】unique to sb/sth: concerning or related to one person or group or thing only 仅与一个人或一个群体或一个事物有关例如：special difficulties unique to blind people 盲人遇到的特殊困难引申：uniquely adv. uniqueness n. U She is uniquely suited to the job. 她是唯一适合做此工作的人。l category词语解释 n. class or group of things in a complete system of grouping 种类；类别；范畴例如：place things in categories 分门别类引申：categorize,-ise v. 分类l recommend词语解释 vt. praise sth as suitable for a purpose; praise sb as suitable for a post, etc; speak favourably of sb/sth 推荐，赞许例如：What would you recommend for removing ink stains? 你看用什么方法可除去墨迹？ She was strongly recommended for the post. 她获大力推荐担任这个职务。 I recommend that you resign. 我建议你辞职。 I recommend meeting him first. 我建议先见见他。运用：recommend sb/sth to sb: make sb/sth be attractive 使某人某物显得可取例如：a plan with nothing to recommend 毫无可取之处的计划 His integrity recommended him to his employers. 他很正直，雇主对他很有好感。引申：recommendable adj. 备受推荐的 recommendation n. l purchase词语解释 n. action of buying sth 购买 vt. buy sth 购买；obtain or achieve sth at a cost （以代价）换的，获得例如: They began to regret the purchase of such a big house. 他们开始后悔不该买这么大的房子。 purchase price 买价 purchase tax 购买税 Employees are encouraged to purchase the shares in the firm. 该公司鼓励员工购买其股票。 The victory is purchased with the loss of loves. 胜利是以牺牲生命为代价换来的。l update词语解释 vt. to bring sth up to date; modernize 更新，使现代化例如：update a dictionary 修订字典 The computers in our office should be updated. 我们办公室的电脑应该要更新了。运用：update sb (on sth): give sb the latest information to sb 向某人提供最新消息例如：I updated the committee on our new progress. 我向委员会报告了我们的进展情况。引申：update n. an update on the political situation 对政局新的认识l completely词语解释 adv. totally, in every way 完全地，全部地例如：The money has completely disappeared. 钱全不见了。 I completely forgot that it was your birthday. 我把那天是你的生日忘得一干二净。原形：complete adj&vtl in order to词语解释 so that you can do sth 为了做某事；以便做某事例如：We arrived early in order to buy our tickets. 为了买到票，我们到的很早。区别：in order 有条理 out of order 不工作，出故障例如：Are the documents in order? 这些文件整理好了吗？ I couldnt ring you, because the phone is out of order. 我没法给你打电话，因为电话坏了。l convenient词语解释 adj. easy to use or go to 容易使用或达到；easy for sb or sth; suitable 方便的，便利的；合适的例如：The house is very convenient for the station. 这所房子离车站很近。 Lets meet on Friday. Whats the most convenient time for you? 咱们星期五见吧。几点钟对你最方便？引申：inconvenient adj. 不方便 conveniently adv. 方便地 convenience n. 方便，便利 for convenience （phr.）为了方便例如：We live conveniently close to the shops. 我们住的地方到商店去很近便。 For convenience, I usually do all my shopping in the same place. 我图省事，通常什么东西都在一个地方买。l continuous词语解释 adj. sth that goes on without stop 不停的，不间断的例如：a continuous line 一条延续不断的线 a continuous noise 不停的嘈杂声引申：continuously adv. 不间断地例如：It rained continuously for five hours. 雨连续下了五个小时。l functional词语解释 adj. designed to be useful; working in a way that sth is supposed to 实用的，功能的，职能的例如：These tin cookie cutters are both functional and decorative. 这些开瓶器既有用又精致。 The company was divided into four functional areas. 这家公司被划分为四个职能领域。引申：function n. functionally adv.l bore词语解释 vt. make sb feel tired and uninterested by being dull or tedious 使感到厌烦，乏味，单调，无聊变形：boring adj. 令人厌倦的 bored adj. 感到厌倦例如：This book bored me a lot. Im afraid I cannot finish it. 这本书让我看得很无聊，我恐怕读不完了。 You are not boring me. On the contrary, you are interesting me. 你没烦我，相反，你在逗我。 We are so bored that we cant help yawning. 我们感到很无聊以至不住地打呵欠。 The book is rather boring. 这书真无聊。词组：be bored with 例如：I am bored with wearing the same jeans every day? 我厌倦了每天都穿一成不变的牛仔裤。l available词语解释 （of things）that can be used or obtained （指物）可用的或可得到的; free to be seen, talked to, etc. （指人）可会见的，可与之交谈的词组：be available to sb 可被某人使用，利用例如：You will be informed when the book becomes available. 这本书有货时就通知你。 The lab is available to the students from Monday to Friday. 实验室从周一到周五向学生开放。 The Prime Minister was not available for comment. 首相无暇作出评论。变形：availability n.l various词语解释 adj. of several kinds, unlike one anther 不同种类的；各种各样的例如：Their hobbies are many and various. 他们的业余爱好五花八门。 He didnt attend her wedding for various reasons. 由于各种各样的理由，他没有出席她的婚礼。 He writes under various names. 他使用许多的笔名写作。变形：variously adv. variety n. a variety of = variousl determine词语解释 vt. fix precisely; decide 确定；决定例如：determine a date for a meeting 确定会议日期 His future has not been determined, but he may study medicine. 他将来何去何从尚未决定，但有可能学医。 She will determine how it is to be done. 她会决定这件事的做法。 They have determined to leave. 他们已经决定离开了。词组：determine on/upon sth 决定做某事例如：We determined on an early start. 我们决定早点出发。变形：determined adj.例如：a determined fighter/look/attitude 意志坚定的战士，神情，态度 Im determined to succeed. 我决定要努力获得成功。l extremely词语解释 adv. to a very high degree 极端，极其，非常例如：Thats extremely interesting. 那极为有趣。 Im extremely sorry for the delay. 对此延误，我深感抱歉。l appeal to词语解释 v. be attractive/interesting 吸引，迎合 make an earnest request 恳求/呼吁例如：The idea of camping has never appealed to me. 对露营这种想法我从来就不感兴趣。 Her sense of humour appealed to him enormously. 她的幽默感把他深深吸引住了。 The police appealed to the crowd not to panic. 警察呼吁围观群众不要惊慌。 The president appealed to the citizens to believe in the government. 总统恳请市民要相信政府。l be concerned with词语解释 v. care/worry about 关心，担心 (be concerned about) be about sth；refer to和有关联，关注，涉及某方面内容例如: Mr. Zhang is much concerned with the disabled. 张先生很关心残疾人士。 Her latest documentary is concerned with youth unemployment. 她最近的一部纪录片是关于青年人的失业问题。l get sth across （to be）词语解释 (cause sth to) be communicated or understood 传播，传达，为人理解例如：Your meaning didnt really get across. 你的意思别人并未真正理解。 He is not very good at getting his ideas across. 他不善于表达思想。l put sth together词语解释 construct or repair sth by fitting parts together; assemble sth 装配或修配某物；把某物结合成一整体；organize 组织例如：He took the machine to pieces and then put it together again. 他把机器拆开后又组装起来了。 put together an essay, a meal, a campaign 组织好一篇文章，调配好一顿饭，活动l approach词语解释 vt. come near or nearer to in space or time （在空间上或时间上）接近，靠近 go to sb for help （寻求帮助）接近某人 n. act of approaching 接近；way leading to sth; path; road 道路； way, method 方法例如：We can try a new approach to language teaching. 我们可以尝试一种新的语言教学方法。 At her approach the children ran off. 当他靠近时，孩子们很快跑开了。 I find him difficult to approach. 我发现他很难接近。 The approach to the city was blocked. 进城的路被封锁了。 Did he approach you about helping him with his homework? 他有没有去找你帮助他完成作业？Unit 2l honour词语解释 n. source of pride and pleasure 光荣；荣幸词组：in honour of 纪念，向表示敬意例如：It is a great honour to be invited. 承蒙邀请，十分荣幸。 A ceremony will be held in honour of those killed in the battle. 我们将举行一场仪式以纪念在战争中逝去的人们。l honoured词语解释 adj. great respect for sb/sth 感到荣幸，光荣例如：I feel highly honoured by your trust. 得到您的信任，我感到十分荣幸。l honourable词语解释 adj. deserving, bringing or showing honour 光荣的，荣耀的例如: It is not honourable to steal. 偷窃是不光荣的。 The scientist got an honourable achievement. 这位科学家获得了光荣的成就。l delight词语解释 U n. great pleasure; joy 高兴；快乐；愉快例如：To our great delight, the day turned out fine. 我们感到高兴的是天气转晴了。 Her singing is a delight. 他的歌声使人快乐。 He takes delight in proving other wrong. 他的极大乐趣是证实别人错了。派生：delightful adj. 使人快乐的 delighted adj. 非常高兴的 例如：No news could be more delightful. 这消息最令我高兴。 Im delighted at your success/to hear of your success/that you succeeded. 我对你的成功感到很高兴。 Will you come to my party? Id be delighted to. 你会来我的排队吗？ 我很乐意去。l significance词语解释 U n. the importance of an event 重要性，重要意义例如：Im glad to see you have realized the significance of sports. 我很高兴你已经意识到运动的重要性。This issue is of great significance.这件事很重要。派生：significant adj.例如：There has been a significant change in the programme. 这个节目有了一个重要的变化。l briefly词语解释 adv. for a short time 简短地；using as few words as possible 简练地例如：He worked briefly for Walt Disney Studios. 他为迪士尼工作室工作了一阵子。 Sony explained briefly how the machine works. 索尼简练地解释了一下这个机器的工作原理。l compete词语解释 vi. to try to be more successful and sell more than another business，etc. 竞争例如：Fruit juice drinks cannot compete with/against Coca-Cola. 果汁饮料无法和可口可乐竞争。 The stores in the downtown area have to compete for customers in the Christmas season. 在市中心的商店在圣诞这季为争夺顾客而竞争着。 How many runners are competing in the race? 有多少运动员参加赛跑比赛？派生：competition n. competitor n. competitive adj.l separate词语解释 adj. things that are not joined to each other or touching each other 分开的 ideas that are not related or do not affect each other in any way 单独的，不联系 different 不同的 v. separatefrom例如：The twins were bought up in separate families. 这对双胞胎在不同的家庭里长大。The English Channel separates the UK and the France.英吉利海峡将英国与法国相隔开。The child was separated from his mother during the war. 在战争期间，这个孩子被和母亲分隔开了。l light词语解释 v. start to burn 点亮 light-lit-lit light-lighted-lighted例如：The previous champion returned gladly to light the Olympic Flame. 以前的冠军很高兴地回来点亮奥运生活。light a fire/make a fire 点火，生火 On the stage, all the girls performed with lighted candles in their hands. 舞台上的女孩手捧点亮的蜡烛进行表演。派生：lighted adj. 点亮的l side by side 词语解释 肩并肩=should by should例如：A true friend is someone who works with you side by side whenever you are in trouble.l make contributions to 贡献例如：He has made contributions to the film industry all though his life. 他的一生为电影业做了重大的贡献。派生：contribute vt.捐献，捐助；投稿 contribute to起一份作用，有助于，促成l absence 词语解释 n. 缺席，缺乏-presence n.出席，到场例如：He tried to find an excuse for his absence from the meeting 他努力地为他在会议中的缺席找个借口。派生：absent adj. 不在场，缺乏的absent-minded adj. 心不在焉的l be recognized as 词语解释 被公认为例如：The Hanging Garden is recognized as one of the Seven Wonders of the World. 空中花园被公认为世界七大奇迹之一。The invention of computer was recognized as a milestone in the history of man.计算机的发明被公认为人类历史上的里程碑。l attempt 词语解释 n. an effort or a try企图 v.尝试；试图例如：He attempted to achieve high grades by making extra efforts. 他希望能够通过额外的努力取得高分。I hope I can pass the driving test at his first attempt. 我希望能够在第一次尝试下就通过驾驶考试。l limit vt.限定，限制 limit n.极限，限制例如：There is a time limit for each performer in the contest. 在比赛中，每个表演者都有一个时间限制。l keepunder control 控制住例如：Having taken the pills, his disease has been kept under control. 吃了那些药丸之后，他的病情得到了控制。 The students can hardly be kept under control by the monitor when the head teacher is away. 当班主任不在的时候，这些学生几乎不可能被班长所控制得住。l maintain词语解释 v. cause sth to continue 维持例如：maintain friendly relations 维持友好的关系maintain contacts with sb 维持和某人的联系 Maintain your speed at 60 mph. 你要保持每小时60英里的速度。 l make way for 给让路,让通过例如：They made way for the bus. 他们为公共汽车让路. I shall make way for a younger man. 我要让位给年轻人.l ensure词语解释 make sure确保,保证; make sb certain to get sth 使(某人)一定得到(某事物)运用：ensure sb sth ensure sb to do sth例如：Hard working can ensure you a better job. 努力会确保把工作做得更好。 Please ensure that all the lights are turned off at night. 夜间请务必将所有的灯关掉. These pills should ensure you to get a good nights sleep. 服下这些药丸可保你睡一宿好觉.l involve词语解释 v. include 包括,包含,牵连运用：involve doing sth 包含 involve sb in (doing) sth 使某人参与某活动或陷入某情况; involved adj. 涉及的，卷入的be involved in 被牵扯进，被卷进例如：Dont involve me in your quarrel! 你们吵架不要牵扯我.He was involved in a heated argument他参与了一场激烈的争论.The discus involves throwing a flat, round object.铁饼这项运动包括投掷一个扁平的圆形的物体。l play a role in 在中挥发作用；在中扮演角色运用：play a leading/major/key/role in例如：The Red Cross played a major role in the war. 在战争中红十字会发挥了重要的作用。 Bush played the role of doctor on TV. 布什在电视上扮演了一个医生的角色。l retire词语解释 vi. to stop working , usually because of old