山东省威海二中高中英语 Book III Module 3 The Violence of Nature2学案 外研版必修3.doc

book iii module 3 the violence of nature课中学习目标：to use some key words and phrases concerned correctly.to grasp the grammar: the past perfect passive and indirect speech to know the causes , features and dangers of some kinds of disasters to develop a strong belief to fight against disasters and prepare for it 学法指导：自主、合作、探究式i. leading-in: check previewing job.ii. presenting task:describe a natural disaster part 1 introduction & readingi. read the passage quickly again and check the exercises on page 22.ii language points1. 你经历过地震么？_（1）动词v 经验；经历；感受（2）不可数名词nu 经验 ; 可数名词nc 经历，体验滑雪是一次难忘的经历。_他缺乏经验。he is short of experience（3）experienced 有经验的 be experienced in 在某方面有经验她在照顾孩子方面有经验。_2. tornadoes can pick up cars ,trains and even houses and put them down in the next street.一词多义：说出下列pick up的含义1）the monkey picked up a stone.2) he never studied french, what he knows was picked up while he lived in paris.3) wait at the gate after school and ill pick up you.4) i managed to pick up the voa special english through a short wave radio.5) the economy is finally beginning to pick up again.3. they can take the fur off the back of a cat and the further off a chicken.一词多义：说出下列take off 的含义her singing career took off after her tv appearance._the plane took off very smoothly though there was a terrible storm. _when in japan, you have to take your shoes off before you enter peoples houses. _ive decided to take a few days off next week_4. they can destroy houses, but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was.形容词inside 在句中做_, 修饰furniture, where it was 为地点状语做furniture 的_.leave+ n. /pron. +宾补（doing / done /adj. /adv. /prep. phrase /n. /where 引导的地点状语从句）translation:1)昨晚上谁没关门？_2)不要让她在外面的雨里等着。_5._ _, there are 800 tornadoes in the us each year, _ about 800 _ and 1500 _.平均来说，每年有800次飓风袭击美国，导致800人死亡，1500人受伤。causing 做结果状语，表示两个动作之间具有必然的因果关系，通常放在句末。deaths 和 injuries 指死亡受伤人数时时可数名词。cause: （1） 动词v 使产生；使发生；引起the book caused great interest and argument这本书引起了人们的极大兴趣和争论。（2）名词n 原因；起因这只狗是造成交通事故的原因。the dog was the cause of the accidentcause _ 客观原因 reason _ 主观原因6.the worst tornado of all time occurred in 1925 , affecting three us states . (非谓语动词作结果状语)occur1)vi 发生；举行他告诉我那事故是怎样发生的。he told me _*辨一辨： 发生的区别happen 常用来指偶然发生，用于句型it happened that 和 sb sth happened to do 表碰巧，恰巧做某事occur 较正式用语。有时可于happen互换take place 用于事先计划或预想到的事物，不用被动break out （战争，火灾等）突然爆发e.g. great changes _ (take place ) in china since the introduction of the reform and opening policy. 2) occur to (想法，念头等) 想起，浮现 sth. occur to sb it occurs to sb that to do 我突然想到要到欧洲旅游。_ that i would travel to europe.7. winds of 200 kilometers per hour and five-metre high waves hit the city.hit 的用法1) 灾难等袭击 2）打，击中 hit sb. on against in the + 身体部位， 若该部位较硬或突出用on against, 若该部位下凹用in她用雨伞打了他的头。_8.by the late 1890s , he had moved to galveston, where he died in 1899 , a year before the hurricane struck . _(by +过去时间 与过去完成时连用)句中where he died in 1899 是非限制性定语从句修饰galveston，a year before 作年份1899的同位语strike 的过去式是_ 过去分词是_或_灾害袭击= hit 突然想到，突然意识到= occur to a good idea _ | _ _ the scientist. other phrases:9自然灾害_ 10. 闪电_11平均来说_ 12 在平均数以上_13. 一柱旋转的气体_ 14强热带风暴_15在同一纬度上_ 16 一件家具_17 一股温暖的洋流 _part 2 grammar & cultural cornerthe past perfect passive:过去完成时的被动语态由“助动词 had been+过去分词”构成。用法如下：(1)表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成了的被动动作。表示“过去的过去”这一过去时间可用by,before等构成的短语或when, after,until 等引导的从从句或通过上下文来表示。by the time he got to the school, the first period had been finished .the tower _(completed)by2002.(2)用在间接引语或宾语从句中。 放在像said, told ,thought, wondered 等过去式动词的后面，表示在这些动作之前已经发生的行为。my classmate told me that he had been punished by his teacher.the media reported more than 1,000 people _(kill) in the hurricane.(3) 用在”it was the first/second time that.”句型中。此句型中主句用一般过去时，that引导的从句用过去完成时。it was the first time that we _(邀请) to his birthday party.(4)根据语意可以判断出动作的先后的被动语态，用过去完成时as the assignment had been done, he went on to search the internet.he did what he_.他是按要求做的。indirect speech1时态变化以及特殊词的变化直接引语变为间接引语时，若主句为过去态，变为间接引语的宾语从句的时态如下表： 注意： 直接引语是过去完成时和过去进行时变间接引语时时态不变。can变成could, may变成might ,must 变成must/ had to(课本109页表格背诵)2句式的变化陈述句 感叹句变为由that引导的宾语从句he said, you are younger than i.-=he said (that ) i was younger than him.祈使句变为 tell/ ask / order sb (not) to do sththe teacher said to the boy, open the window.the teacher told the boy to open the window. his father said to him, dont leave the door open.=_一般疑问句变为由if/whether引导的宾语从句i asked him, will you stay at home or go to a film tonight? i asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that nighshe said, do you often come here to read newspapers”。=_特殊疑问句变为由原来的疑问句引导的宾语从句he asked, where do you live? he asked me where i lived.注意 如果直接引语是表示客观真理时，变为间接引语，一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如： the teacher said the earth goes round the sun. the teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. exercise:1.- why didnt you go home last night ? _because a lot of work _finished yet.a. hadnt b. hadnt been c. had been d. hasnt been 2.tom told his aunt that he _what he was doing during the time when he was in the country.a. has just asked b. had just been asked c. was just asked d. just asked3.-did alan enjoy seeing his old friends yesterday ? -yes, he did. he _his old friends for a long time. a. didnt see b. wouldnt see c. hasnt seen d. hadnt seen4. -where are you from ? -i beg your pardon ? -i asked where _from. a. you are b. you were c. are you d. were you5.”you must wait here this afternoon,” he said to me.=_6. the official said , “get ready before lunch.”=_cultural cornerread the article and answer the questions on p29in some communities, 60 percent of the population _ (be) killed.the fires burned for 3days, _ (destroy) a total of 25,000 buildings.它早上5点15发生，仅持续了1分钟。4. 对 造成破坏_earthquake! learn to protect ourselves.1. keep calm. panic can hurt you.2. rush under tables or small-sized spaces.3. watch out for falling objects. 4. if you are trapped in the ruins, move little to save your energy.part 3： function , writing and everyday englishfunction 1.do activity one, work in pairs.2. activity 2, work in pairs, discuss a