高考英语一轮 语法专题7 虚拟语气01 译林牛津版.doc

2014高考英语译林牛津一轮语法专题（7）（虚拟语气01）语法专题七虚拟语气高考预练1. -hello, this is 77553861.a. how are you? b. will you come tonight?c. can i take a mesage? d. is that mike?2. tom suggested that we _such a meeting, but jenny insisted that it _of great importance.a. not hold ; should be b. didnt hold ; be c. hold ; was d. not hold ; was3. you should take the medicine after you read the _.a. lines b. instructions c. words d. suggestions4. -hi, tracy, you look tired.-i am tired. i_ the living-room all day.a. painted b. have been painting c. had painted d. have painted5. im sorry. i _ you_ to me.a. dont know; are speaking b. dont know ;were speakingc. didnt know; were speaking d. didnt know; are speaking6. please _why youre so late, said his girlfriend.a. excuse b. explain c. apologize d. tell7. the rescue team made every _ to find the missing mountain climber.a. force b. energy c. effort d. possibility8. - would you mind the window? its hot here! may said. -_. tom replied.a. to open ; no, please b. open ; yes, pleasec. opening; no, of course not d. opening ; yes, please9. the murderer was brought in, with his hands behind his back.a. to be tied b. being tied c. tied d. having tied10. the reason_ he didnt come was _ he had to take care of his sick mother.a. why ; that b. why ; which c. which ; why d. that ; for11. we _ so tired. weve only been to a party.a. mustnt have felt b. wouldnt have feltc. shouldnt have felt d. couldnt have felt12. the girl_ on the ground _to me that she had_ the book on the shelf.a. lying ; lay ; laid b. lay ; lied ; laidc. lie ; lied ; lay d. lying; lied ; laid13. -i heard that as many as 4 000 people were killed in 9-yes. _ news came as _shock to us.a. the ; the b. the ; a c, / ; / d. / ; a14. neither of them knew what was doing. a. other b. others c. the other d. another15. sometimes words alone were not enough to _pupils along the path of knowledgea. provide b. persuade c. advise d. cause参考答案15 ddbbc 610 bccca 1115 cbbdb1d本题考查日常的交际用语。此题只要细心一些，应该不难找出答案。2d本题是虚拟语气的考查，虽然高考对虚拟语气不作要求，但是此题涉及单词的使用，还是值得重视。前一空中本应为should not hold，但should省略；后一空不用虚拟语气，insist在这儿指“坚决认为”。3b本题是词语的辨析。instructions通常是指说明和说明书，故b选项符合题意。4b本题是对动词时态的考查。解此题的关键是抓住答语中的aday，而d项只表示动作已经完成，没有强调一直做。5c本题一直是考生的一个难点。一定要注意i am sorry表明后面所说的动作已经发生，要用一般过去式。6b本题是四个动词的辨析。excuse表示“借口”、“原谅”等意思，explain表示“解释”；apologize为不及物动词，后接for。7c本题是一道名词的辨析题。make every effort是固定的词组，意为“付出努力”。8c本题是在情境对话中考查非谓语动词。mind后必须接动词-ing形式，可以排除a、b两项。后一空依靠理解可以正确解答。“不，我不介意。”。9c本题又是一道独立主格结构中的省略考查。同样的方法，将原句恢复：“with hands(where were)tied behind his back”10a本题是一道定语从句与宾语从句的交叉考查。why引导的从句作为句中的定语，that引导的从句作为句中的宾语。11c本题是情态动词的考查。should(not)后接动词的完成式表示“本来(不)应该做但实际上做了”的含义。12b本题词型相近的几个动词的辨析。lie表示“撒谎”，过去式和过去分词分别是lied，lied；表示“躺”，分别是lay，lain。lay表示“放”，过去式和过去分词分别是laid，laid。13b本题是冠词的考查。news特指前面一个人所说的话，所以加上the；后一个空为固定用法，a shock t0 sb表示“给某人震惊”。 14d本题是代词的考查。理解句子的意思就比较容易分析此题：“他们谁也不知道其他人干什么。”只有d选项符合题意。15b本题是动词词义的辨析。provide表示“提供”；，pemuade表示“劝服”；advise表示“建议”；cause表示“引导”，所以b项是正确的。 英语中有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。考点一虚拟语气用于条件句中1表示与现在事实相反：条件状语从句中谓语动词用一般过去时（be的过去式用were）；主句中谓语动词用would（should，could，might）动词原形。if i were you，i would study hard.2表示与过去事实相反：条件状语从句中谓语动词用had过去分词；主句中谓语动词用would（should，could， might）have过去分词。if he had taken my advice，he would have passed the test.3表示与将来的事实相反：条件状语从句中谓语动词用一般过去时或should动词原形或were to动词原形；主句中谓语动词用would（should，could，might）动词原形。if it were to rain tomorrow，they would not go to the cinema.注意：1）if条件句中只要用了过去的时态就说明该句要使用虚拟语气。2）if条件句中只出现一个表示与将来事实相反的情态动词should。3）含有if条件句的虚拟语气中，主句都要用情态动词，且都可理解为过去式。考点二wish宾语从句中的虚拟语气用法在wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在或过去的事实相反，或对将来的主观愿望，从句中通常用虚拟语气。从句中谓语动词的构成形式为：1表示对现在情况的虚拟，从句中谓语动词用过去式（be动词一般用were）。i wish it were spring now.2表示对过去情况的虚拟，从句中谓语动词常用had过去分词。i wish he had come yesterday.3表示对将来的主观愿望，从句中动词常用would/could/might动词原形。i wish it would be fine tomorrow.考点三谓语动词必须用“（should）动词原形”的情况1表示“建议，要求，命令”的动词：一坚持（insist），二命令（order，command），三建议（suggest，propose，advise），四要求（demand，require，request，ask）后面的宾语从句或是由it作形式主语的主语从句中的谓语动词要用“（should）动词原形”。这些词相应的名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中的谓语动词也要用“（should）动词原形”。the teacher ordered that the homework（should）be handed in on time.it is suggested that the meeting（should）be put off.my idea is that we（should）think it over.注意：suggest作“表明，暗示”讲时，不用虚拟语气；insist作“坚持认为”讲时，不用虚拟语气。the smile on his face suggested he was happy.the boy insisted he hadnt stolen the money.2在it is important /strange/ natural/ necessary/a pity/a shame等that从句，表示情绪、观点等，主语从句中的谓语动词用“（should）动词原形”，should可以省略。it is a pity that he（should）refuse to accept the offer.考点四虚拟语气在其他句型中的使用1在as if/ as though引导的状语从句中，若从句与事实相反，则要用虚拟语气。其形式如下：主语as if/ though主语一般过去时（从句的动作与主句动作同时发生）主语as if/ though主语would/could动词原形（从句的动作相对主句来说在将来发生）主语as if/ though主语过去完成时（从句的动作先发生于主句动作之前）he talks as if he knew all about it.he walked slowly as though he had hurt his leg.2在it is（high）time that.句型中也用虚拟语气，从句常用过去式，有时也用should动词原形，should不可以省略。表示“是时候做了”，含“建议”的意味。it is time that we studied hard.3would rather后接动词原形，但接从句时要用虚拟语气（宁愿，但愿）。would rather主语一般过去时（表示与现在或将来情况相反）would rather主语过去完成时（表示与过去事实相反）id rather he didnt go now.id rather you hadnt told mike the bad news.4if only “要是就好了”。表示与现在或未来事实相反的愿望时，句子谓语动词用一般过去时；表示与过去事实相反的愿望时，句子谓语动词用过去完成时。if only i had passed the driving test last week!5动词hope，intend，mean，plan，want，think等词的过去完成时形式，通常表示“本想，本打算，本认为”。he had hoped to come to the party，but it began to rain.考点五含蓄虚拟条件句有时候假设的情况不以if引导的条件句形式表现出来，而是通过一个介词短语、连词或其他形式表示。常用的词或短语有：without，with，but for（要是没有），otherwise，or，but等。without your help（if we had not had your help），we could not have fi