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单级减速机箱体和箱盖工艺工装设计【6张CAD图纸+毕业论文】【答辩通过】

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单级减速机箱体和箱盖工艺工装设计【全套CAD图纸+毕业论文】【答辩通过】.rar

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关键词：: 减速机箱以及工艺工装设计全套 cad 图纸毕业论文答辩通过

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摘要

本次设计内容涉及了机械制造工艺及机床夹具设计、金属切削机床、公差配合与测量等多方面的知识。

减速箱体加工工艺规程及其镗Φ100孔的夹具设计是包括零件加工的工艺设计、工序设计以及专用夹具的设计三部分。在工艺设计中要首先对零件进行分析，了解零件的工艺再设计出毛坯的结构，并选择好零件的加工基准，设计出零件的工艺路线；接着对零件各个工步的工序进行尺寸计算，关键是决定出各个工序的工艺装备及切削用量；然后进行专用夹具的设计，选择设计出夹具的各个组成部件，如定位元件、夹紧元件、引导元件、夹具体与机床的连接部件以及其它部件；计算出夹具定位时产生的定位误差，分析夹具结构的合理性与不足之处，并在以后设计中注意改进。

关键词：工艺,工序切削用量夹紧定位误差

Abstract

This design content has involved the machine manufacture craft and the engine bed jig design, the metal-cutting machine tool, the common difference coordination and the survey and so on the various knowledge.

The reduction gear box body components technological process and its the processing ￠ 140 hole jig design is includes the components processing the technological design, the working procedure design as well as the unit clamp design three parts. Must first carry on the analysis in the technological design to the components, understood the components the craft redesigns the semi finished materials the structure, and chooses the good components the processing datum, designs the components the craft route; After that is carrying on the size computation to a components each labor step of working procedure, the key is decides each working procedure the craft equipment and the cutting specifications; Then carries on the unit clamp the design, the choice designs the jig each composition part, like locates the part, clamps the part, guides the part, to clamp concrete and the engine bed connection part as well as other parts; Position error which calculates the jig locates when produces, analyzes the jig structure the rationality and the deficiency, and will design in later pays attention to the improvement.

Keywords: The craft; the working procedure; the cutting specifications; clamp; the localization; the error.

摘要III

AbstractIV

1 绪论1

1.1本课题的研究内容和意义1

1.2国内外的发展概况1

1.3本课题应达到的要求2

2 工艺设计3

2.1 零件的分析3

2.1.1 零件的作用3

2.1.2 零件的工艺分析4

2.2 毛坯的选择与设计及基准的确定5

2.2.1 确定毛坯制造形式5

2.2.2 基准的选择5

2.3 加工顺序的安排6

2.4 工艺规程的设计6

2.4.1 制定工艺路线6

2.4.2 工艺方案的比较与分析7

3 工序设计9

3.1 工序尺寸与毛坯尺寸加工余量的确定9

3.2 设备和工艺装备的选择11

3.3 确定切削用量及时间定额12

4 夹具设计21

4.1 夹具的设计21

4.2 夹紧装置的组成及设计要求21

4.2.1 动力源21

4.2.2 中间传力机构22

4.2.3 夹紧元件22

4.3 切削力与夹紧力的计算22

4.3.1 切削力的计算22

4.3.2 夹紧力的确定23

4.4 定位误差的分析与计算24

4.5 夹具设计与操作的简要说明25

4.5.1 夹具体方式的确定25

4.5.2 夹具的精度要求25

4.5.3 夹具使用注意事项、保养及维护25

4.6 关于铣箱体与箱盖接合面的夹具设计26

5 结论与展望27

5.1 结论27

5.2 不足之处及未来展望28

致谢29

参考文献30

1 绪论

1.1 本课题的研究内容和意义

减速器是原动机和工作机之间的独立的闭式传动装置，用来降低转速和增大转矩。无须联轴器和适配器，结构紧凑。负载分布在行星齿轮上，因而承载能力比一般斜齿轮减速机高。满足小空间高扭矩输出的需要。齿轮减速器广泛应用于大型矿山，钢铁，化工，港口，环保等领域。

减速器箱体在整个减速器总成中起支撑和连接的作用，它把各个零件连接起来，支撑传动轴，保证各穿动机的正确安装，是传动零件的基座，应具有足够的强度和刚度。因此变速器箱体的加工质量的优劣，将直接影响到轴和齿轮等零件位置的准确性，也为将会影响江苏器的寿命和性能。

结构特点

变速器箱体是典型的箱体零件，其结构和形状复杂，壁薄，外部为了增加有很多加强筋。有精度较高的多个平面、轴承孔，螺孔等需要加工，应为刚度较差，切屑受热大，易产生震动和变形。

零件装配

箱体通常用灰铸铁制造，对于重载或有冲击载荷的减速器也可以采用铸钢箱体。灰铸铁具有河很好的铸造性能和减振性能。为了便于轴系部件的安装和拆卸，箱体制成沿着轴心线水平剖分式。上箱体和下箱体是用楼栓联接成一体。轴承座的联接楼栓应尽量靠近轴承座孔，而轴承座旁的凸台，应具有足够的承托面，以便放置联接楼栓，并保证旋紧楼栓时需要的扳手空间。为保证箱体具有足够的刚度，在轴承孔的附近加支撑肋。为保证减速器安置在基础上的稳定性并尽可能减少箱体底座平面的机械加工面积，箱体底座一般不采用完整的平面。

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内容简介：: 表2.4 机械加工工序卡(工厂)机械加工工序卡产品型号零件图号产品名称箱体零件名称箱体共 3页第 3页车间工序号工序名称材料牌号机加9铣端面HT200毛坯种类毛坯外形尺寸每毛坯可制作数每台件数铸造428x197x17012000设备名称设备型号设备编号同时加工件数卧式铣床X6161夹具编号夹具名称切削液专用夹具工位夹具编号工位器具名称工序工时准终单件工步号工步名称工艺装备主轴转速(r/min)切削速度(m/min)进给量(mm)背吃刀量(mm)进给次数工时/min机动单件描图1 粗精铣输出轴100端面端铣刀30094.20.33.510.32 粗精铣输入轴100端面端铣刀30094.20.33.510.3装订号设计 (日期)审核 (日期)标准化 (日期)会签 (日期)标记处数更改文件号签字日期标记处数更改文件号签字日期表2.4 机械加工工序卡(工厂)机械加工工序卡产品型号零件图号产品名称箱体零件名称箱体共3 页第1 页车间工序号工序名称材料牌号机加7镗孔HT200毛坯种类毛坯外形尺寸每毛坯可制作数每台件数铸造428x197x17012000设备名称设备型号设备编号同时加工件数卧式镗床T531夹具编号夹具名称切削液专用夹具工位夹具编号工位器具名称工序工时准终单件工步号工步名称工艺装备主轴转速(r/min)切削速度(m/min)进给量(mm)背吃刀量(mm)进给次数工时/min机动单件描图1 镗100轴承孔镗刀6151000.151.520.14min装订号设计 (日期)审核 (日期)标准化 (日期)会签 (日期)标记处数更改文件号签字日期标记处数更改文件号签字日期机械加工工艺卡片机械加工工艺卡片产品型号零部件图号共3 页产品名称减速器箱体零部件名称减速器箱体第 2 页材料牌号 HT200 毛坯种类铸件毛坯外形尺寸各毛坯件数 1 每台件数 1 备注工序装夹工步工序内容同时加工零件数切削用量设备名称及编号工艺装备名称及编号技术等级工时定额背吃刀量mm切削速度m/min 每分钟转数进给量mm 刀具量具单件准终 10 11铸造 202 1去应力退火 30 1 1粗铣结合面11.5141.37500.5X51 套式面铣刀游标卡尺 0.4440 1 1粗铣侧底面端面11.5159.314500.5X51游标卡尺 0.31 2精铣侧底面端面10.5159.314500.2X51游标卡尺0.350 11钻孔并攻丝注油孔M1212.54312000.25Z525麻花钻游标卡尺0.09601 1 粗铣下底面11.51177500.5X51套式面铣刀游标卡尺0.1823精铣下底面10.51177500.2X510.1834精铣结合面10.5141.37500.2X510.4470 1 1 钻结合面处两锥销孔101125.310000.13Z525麻花钻游标卡尺0.35512钻底面四个定位孔221125.128000.13Z525麻花钻游标卡尺0.5213钻输出轴旁四个连接孔1711426000.13Z525麻花钻游标卡尺0.45801 1粗铣输出轴100端面11.5643870.5X51端铣刀游标卡尺1.1912粗铣输入轴100端面11.5653870.2X51端铣刀游标卡尺1.1913精铣输出轴100端面10.5326120.5X51端铣刀游标卡尺0.2414精铣输入轴100端面10.5326120.2X51端铣刀游标卡尺0.249011钻孔并攻丝输出轴端面孔M1010.8379000.26Z525麻花钻，丝锥塞规0.112钻孔并攻丝输入轴端面孔M1010.8379000.26Z525麻花钻，丝锥塞规0.11001 1 镗100轴承孔11 1006120.15T616弯头镗刀游标卡尺1.091101 1 镗80轴承孔111006120.15T616弯头镗刀游标卡尺1.23120检查编制（日期）审核（日期）标准化（日期）会签（日期）标记处数更改文件号签字日期标记处数更改文件号签字日期机械加工工艺过程卡片产品型号零（部）件图号共 1 页产品名称箱体零（部）件名称箱体第 1 页材料牌号HT200毛坯种类铸件毛坯外型尺寸每毛坯可件数每台件数备注工序号工序名称工序内容车间工段设备工艺装备工时准终单件0铸铸造铸造1铸去应力退火铸造2铣粗铣结合面机加X53K专用夹具、套式面铣刀、游标卡尺3铣粗铣再精铣侧底面端面机加X51专用夹具、端面铣刀、游标卡尺4车钻孔并攻丝注油孔M12机加X52K专用夹具、钻头、游标卡尺5铣粗铣再精铣下底面和精铣结合面机加X616专用夹具、套式面铣刀、游标卡尺6车钻结合面处两锥销孔10和底面四个定位孔22以及输出轴旁四个连接孔17机加C616专用夹具、钻头、内径百分尺7铣粗铣在精铣输出轴和输入轴100端面机加X616专用夹具、端面铣刀、游标卡尺8车钻孔并攻丝输出轴和输入轴端面孔M10机加C616专用夹具、钻头、游标卡尺9镗镗100轴承孔机加T53专用夹具镗刀游标卡尺10 镗80轴承孔机加T53专用夹具镗刀游标卡尺11检检查设计（日期）审核（日期）标准化（日期）会签（日期）更改文件号签字日期标记处数更改文件名签字日期编号无锡太湖学院毕业设计（论文）相关资料题目：单级减速机箱体和箱盖工艺工装设计机电系机械工程及自动化专业学号： 0923199学生姓名：张亚东指导教师：鲍虹苏（职称：高工）（职称：）2013年5月25日目录一、毕业设计（论文）开题报告二、毕业设计（论文）外文资料翻译及原文三、学生“毕业论文（论文）计划、进度、检查及落实表”四、实习鉴定表无锡太湖学院毕业设计（论文）开题报告题目：单级减速机箱体和箱盖工艺工装设计信机系机械工程及自动化专业学号： 0923199 学生姓名：张亚东指导教师：鲍虹苏（职称：高工）（职称：）2012年11月24日课题来源机械制造业是一个国家最基础的行业，也决定了一个国家制造业的整体水平现在中国已经是一个制造大国，中国的制造业规模已经达到世界第四位，仅次于美国、日本和德国。研究内容本设计是针对减速机箱体工艺的制作，主要研究的是减速机箱盖的工艺过程、减速机的底座的工艺过程、减速机箱体合装后的工艺过程以及对该技术的测试和其实用性的研究。并由此做出了对现行的减速机的箱体的改造和进一步的完善。在这次的箱体工艺制造中，对一些主要程序比如说结合面联接孔、钻顶面螺纹底孔、攻螺纹、钻侧面测油孔、放油孔、螺纹底孔、沉孔、攻螺纹等的研究。拟采取的研究方法、技术路线、实验方案及可行性分析设计任务1）设计一个中等复杂的零件的加工工艺规程；2）设计一个专用夹具；3）编写设计说明书。根据设计任务做出减速机箱的基本设计任务1）绘制零件工件图一张；2）绘制毛坯零件合图一张；3）编制机械加工工艺规程卡片一套；4）编写设计说明书一份；5）收集和研究原始资料，为夹具结构设计做好技术准备。6）初步拟定夹具结构方案，绘制夹具结构草图，进行必要的理论计算和分析。选择最佳的夹具结构方案，确定夹具精度和夹具总图尺寸、公差配合与技术要求。7）绘制夹具总图和主要非标准件零件图，编写设计说明书。8）编制夹具特殊使用维护、操作、制造方面的说明或技术要求。研究计划及预期成果研究计划：2012年11月12日-2012年12月25日：按照任务书要求查阅论文相关参考资料，填写毕业设计开题报告书。2013年1月11日-2013年3月5日：填写毕业实习报告。2013年3月8日-2013年3月14日：按照要求修改毕业设计开题报告。2013年3月15日-2013年3月21日：学习并翻译一篇与毕业设计相关的英文材料。2013年3月22日-2013年4月11日：设计减速机箱体和箱盖的结构并画出相关草图2013年4月12日-2013年4月25日：完善设计所需的各种零件图、夹具图，并对设计的所有数据进行整理，做好撰写毕业论文的准备。2013年4月26日-2013年5月20日：毕业论文撰写和修改工作。预期成果：机械制造技术设计是培养机械工程类专业学生应职应岗能力的重要实践性教学环节，它要求学生能全面综合地运用所学的理论和实践知识，进行零件机械加工工艺规程和工艺装备的设计。其基本目的是：1）培养工程意识。2）训练基本技能。3）培养质量意识。4）培养规范意识。特色或创新之处1、设计了一副可以多方面加工的夹具，减少了原材料的应用和所需的工时。2、设计了多种加工方案，并对其比较，选出最佳方案。已具备的条件和尚需解决的问题1、一是对镗床的不熟悉，二是在公差与配合方面的知识所学较少。2、学院图书馆相关资料有限，并且很多资料不外借处学校，设计此项目任务重工作量大物力条件有限以及经济上的原因造成难以落实原材料加工出成品3、经过努力，设计达到了预想的成功，由于条件的限制没能加工出成品，但对于我自己来说已经学到了不少东西。指导教师意见指导教师签名：2011年 11 月 20 日教研室（学科组、研究所）意见教研室主任签名：年月日系意见主管领导签名：年月日英文原文Mineral product monorail reduction gear synopsisFirst:what is reducerReducer is a dynamic communication agencies, the use of gear speed converters, motor rotational speed reducer to the Rotary to be few, and have greater torque institutions. The reducer role 1) velocity at the same time increase the output torque, torque output ratio by motor output by slowdown, but the attention should be paid to exceed the rated torque reducer. 2) the speed at the same time reduce the inertia load, the inertia of deceleration than reduced to the square. We can look at the General Motors has a value of inertia. The type of reducer General helical gear reducer has reducer (including parallel shaft helical gear reducer, a worm reducer, bevel gear reducer, etc.), planetary gear reducer, Cycloid reducer, a worm reducer, a planetary friction CVT mechanical machines. Common reducer 1) worm reducer is the main characteristics of a reverse self-locking function, can be larger than a slowdown, input shaft and output shaft axis is not the same, nor in the same plane. But generally larger, transmission efficiency is not high, the accuracy is not high. 2) Harmonic Harmonic Drive reducer is controllable using flexible components to transfer elastic deformation and dynamic movement, not volume, high precision, but the disadvantage is that flexible wheel limited life, impatient shocks, rigidity and pieces of metal relatively poor. Not too high speed input. 3) planetary reducer its comparative advantage is compact structure, the return gap small, high precision, and have a long life span rated output torque can be done great. However, a price slightly expensive, the requirements of parts before assembly 1. Rolling cleaning with gasoline, kerosene other parts cleaning. All parts and Xiangbenna not allowed to have any impurities exist. Gear box and the inner wall (Worm), unprocessed surface has not been coated twice erosion-resistant oil paint, box has the outer surface coated primer and paint color (color requested by host). 2. Parts coated with a face wash after lubricants Second, the requirements of installation and adjustment 1. Rolling installation Rolling bearing inner ring should be installed at the shaft shoulder close to gap must not pass 0.05 mm thick Cypriot feet. 2. Bearing axial clearance of the clearance can not be adjusted bearings (such as deep groove ball bearings), axial clearance of 0.25 to 0.4 mm; the clearance adjustable bearing axial clearance numerical table. Click Tapered Roller Bearings axial clearance; angular contact ball bearing axial clearance 3. Gear (Worm) meshing tooth space available Cypriot side foot of lead or pressure. Will be lead wire on the alveolar, and then turning gear and squash lead wire, measuring two teeth side was crushed lead wire thickness and the size of which is adjacent teeth. 4. Tooth contact dot cylinder gear tooth contact Dot 2-10-4; bevel gear tooth contact Dot 2-11-4; Gearing contact Dot 2-12-4 Third, seal requirements 1. Box partition between the surface does not allow any pads filled, but can be coated or water glass sealant to ensure that the seal; 2. Assembly, the bolt tightening box, before using 0.05 mm Cypriot-foot inspection Covers Block with me and between the sealing surface; 3. Shaft seal should stretch to smear grease. The seal should be installed in strict accordance with the requirements Forth, lubrication requirements 1. Rationally determine the types of lubricants and greases and grades 2. Bearing lubrication fat, grease filled in the general Fatliquor space can be 1 / 2 to 2 / 3. 3. Lubricants should be regularly replaced, the new reducer used for the first time, the operation of oil-7 14 days, according to the situation can be after every 3 to 6 months for first oil. Fifth, the test requirements 1. Empty operation: at rated speed is, anti-running 1 to 2 hours; 2. Load test: at rated speed, rated load operation, the oil temperature balance to date. On the gear reducer, requested the pool temperature is not more than 35 oC, bearing temperature rise no more than 40 oC; the worm reducer, requested the pool temperature not more than 60 oC, bearing temperature of not more than 50 oC; 3. Entire testing process for the smooth operation, noise, not loosening the fixed link, sealed, not with the Sixth, packaging and transportation requirements 1. Protruding shaft and its annex should Oiler packaging; 2. Handling, lifting may not use screw rings and lug all of the above technical requirements are not necessarily listed, and sometimes also by other projects, mainly by the specific design requirements. Seventh. Technical requirements 1. Assembly, all parts cleaning with kerosene, gasoline Rolling cleansing, while the existence of any debris. Oil is not painted wall corrosion coatings twice; 2. Backlash with lead wire mesh test of not less than 0.16 mm, lead wire Backlash may not exceed the smallest of the four times; 3. Used Tu-color dot test. Tooth high point of contact by not less than 40% of contact spots on teeth not less than 50 per cent. Can be used when necessary, grinding or scraping after grinding to improve contacts; 4. Bearing axial clearance should be adjusted: 40 0.05 - 0.1 mm, 55 0.08 - 0.15 mm; 5. Test reducer subdivision surface, the contact surface and seal, oil spills are not allowed. Split-Tu allowed to paint or water glass seal and allow the use of any filler; 6. Engine lubricants to the contents N100 provisions height;Below I introduce our country reduction gear the development present situation First, the domestic reduction gear many by the gear drive, the worm drive primarily, but has the power and the load ratio generally is small, or velocity ratio great and mechanical efficiency excessively low question.Moreover, in the material quality and the technological level also has many weakness, the large-scale reduction gear question is specially more prominent, the service life is not long.The domestic use large-scale reduction gear (above 500kw), many from overseas (for example Denmark, Germany and so on) imports The 60s start few tooth reduction gears and so on difference transmission, cycloid pin gear transmission, overtone transmission which produces has the velocity ratio to be big, volume small, mechanical efficiency higher merit? .But its transmission theory limit, cannot transmit the oversized power, the power all must be smaller than generally 40kw. Because in the transmission theoretically, the technological level and the material quality aspect has not broken through, therefore, has not been able fundamentally to solve the transmission power in a big way, the velocity ratio big, the volume small, the weight light, mechanical efficiency higher these requests basically.The 90s initial period, the home appears three links (gear) the reduction gear, is one kind of outside stable motion gear drive reduction gear, it may realize the great velocity ratio, transmission load ability is also big. Its volume and the weight are all lighter than the dead axle speed reducer gear, the structure is simple, the efficiency is also high.Because this reduction gear three axle parallel structure, therefore caused the power/volume (or weight) the ratio is still small.Also its input axis and the output shaft on the identical spool thread, this do not have in the use many inconveniently. Not only Beijing Institute of Technology develops in successful stable motion speed reducer gear to have outside three link reduction gear merit, but also has the big power/weight (or volume) the ratio, as well as the input axis and the output shaft on identical spool thread merit, is at the domestic leading position.The home has the minority college and the factory and mining enterprise does the research work to in stable motion gear drive certain principles, has published some research paper, in has done some work using the cycloidal tooth crop rotation stable motion reduction gear.Second, the stable motion speed reducer gear principle of work synopsis, the stable motion speed reducer gear is refers to in a counter gear transmission, a gear in the stable motion generator actuation mean plane parallel motion, meshing through tooth profile between, actuates another tooth crop rotation dead axle to decelerate the rotation, the realization reduction gear function.The stable motion generator may use the parallelogram organization, either sine organization or cross slide organization.This achievement uses the parallelogram organization to take the stable motion generator. The stable motion generator may be the hypothesized use parallelogram organization, also may be the entity use parallelogram organization.Has the practical value stable motion gear mechanism for in counter gear organization, therefore may divide into the internal tooth crop rotation stable motion movement and the external tooth crop rotation stable motion movement two kind of situations.Outside the stable motion gear reduction organization, its internal tooth crop rotation stable motion movement, actuates the external gear and makes the deceleration rotation output.This organization also calls three links (gear) the reduction gear. As a result of the internal tooth crop rotation stable motion, two crank centers establish outside the annular gear tooth ring, therefore its size is not compact, cannot solve the volume major problem.? In stable motion gear reduction, its external tooth crop rotation stable motion movement, actuation internal tooth crop rotation deceleration rotation output.As a result of the external tooth crop rotation stable motion, two crank centers can establish in the external gear tooth ring, reduced the organization overall size greatly. Because in stable motion gear mechanism transmission efficiency high, volume small, input output coaxial line, therefore by widespread application prospect.Third, this project technical characteristic and key technologies? 1. this project technical characteristics, in this new stable motion speed reducer gear and domestic and foreign had the speed reducer gear compares, has the following characteristic: (1) velocity ratio scope is big, gets up from I=10, may reach most greatly several thousand.If manufactures the great velocity ratio the reduction gear, then demonstrates this reduction gear the merit.(2) transmission power scope is big: And may connect a body manufacture with the electric motor. (3) structure simple, the volume small, the weight is light.Reduces about 1/3 compared to the existing speed reducer gear.(4) mechanical efficiency is high.95 (5) this reduction gear input axis and the output shaft are on the identical spool thread.This reduction gear see Table 1 with other reduction gear performance comparison. Because lacks the data, various reduction gears power/load ratio which in the table arranges in order is most superior.? Table 1? Each kind of reduction gear comparison model power (kw) reduction gear ratio quality (kg) QI-450? 93 31.5 1820 ZSY-250? 95 31.5 540 NGW-92 88.1 31.5 577 SEW (Germany)? 90 28.61 1300 NP-100? 100 30 400 Note: NP-100 is in the stable motion speed reducer gear, the SEW reduction gear quality contains the electrical machinery.2. this project key technologies? May know by Figure 2, in “stable motion speed reducer gear is by annular gear Z2, external gear Z1 and the parallelogram organization combination becomes.Its transmission principle is: The electrical machinery input rotary motion, the external tooth crop rotation parallel migration, its center of circle path is a circle, makes the dead axle rotation with it meshing annular gear. Because external tooth crop rotation parallel migration, therefore name stable motion gear mechanism.The gear parallel migration needs to have the auxiliary body help realization, may use (612) to sell the axis, the roller takes the hypothesized auxiliary stable motion organization, also may use the eccentric shaft to take the entity auxiliary stable motion organization.In the stable motion speed reducer gear key technologies and the essential craft are the composition parallelogram component size computation and the request processing precision, the gear teeth main parameter choice. These factors will all affect the transmission ability and the transmission quality.Overall speaking, the group cost reduction gear various spare parts all request to have the high precision, they will be deciding the reduction gear overall transmis3. this project survey this project has obtained the Chinese practical new patent, the patent number: ZL95227767.0? .? This project trial produced the first prototype from 1995 (power 2.5kW, after velocity ratio I=32), with some factory and mine cooperation, has one after another designed following several kind of different powers, the different velocity ratio reduction gear.(1) electrically operated on rollers gate uses the reduction gear, power 550W, velocity ratio I=26, is united as one body with the electrical machinery.sion quality. (2) mixer uses the reduction gear, power 370W, velocity ratio I=17.(3) some military goods use two kind of reduction gears, one kind of power 370W, velocity ratio I=23.5; Another kind of power 370W, velocity ratio I=103 two level of transmission reduction gear.(4) steel mill large package rotary abutment reduction gear, power 7.5kw, velocity ratio I=64.(5) steel mill table reduction gear, power 7.5kw, transmission I=11. In this patent foundation, has developed one kind of new ultra-large reduction gear, the power may reach 1000kw, at present is developing subminiature (outlook size for a millimeter level) miniature reduction gear. Graduation design task First, a design Monorail Driver Design reducer Second, the design of the original data 1 Monorail drive reducer Power Rating: 7.5 KW; 2 Monorail reducer drive the total transmission ratio: 15 around; 3 Monorail reducer drive car driven by the side of the output shaft from the race distance of not more than 200 mm; 4 Monorail reducer drive the total length of less than 420 mm, the width is not more than 450 mm and the total height of not more than 690 mm; Third, the equipment and the working environment This can be used to mine underground, open-air, dust, humidity, air quality, bad comparison bad work environment, and the operational requirements of a safe space. Fourth, the design requirements To meet the application requirements under the premise that the minimum cost of manufacturing. From the following aspects considered; (L) to streamline the shape of each parts, machinery simple structure; (2) merge the functions of spare parts, reducing the types or quantities of spare parts; (3) Application of the new structure, new technology, new materials, product reliability; (4) decomposition components, its assembly, the assembly of the most simple structure; (5) similar to parts of the division; (6) standards for similar products by product serial number sequence analysis; (7) The realization of the common parts of the product and standardization. (8) assembly equipment design a map (0), the Six Parts (3), the design specification of a (not less than 30,000 words), and the design of technical and economic analysis.中文译文一、什么是减速器减速器是一种动力传达机构，利用齿轮的速度转换器，将马达的回转数减速到所要的回转数，并得到较大转矩的机构。1、减速器的作用 1）降速同时提高输出扭矩，扭矩输出比例按电机输出乘减速比，但要注意不能超出减速器额定扭矩。 2）减速同時降低了负载的惯量，惯量的减少为减速比的平方。大家可以看一下一般电机都有一个惯量数值。2、减速器的种类一般的减速器有斜齿轮减速器(包括平行轴斜齿轮减速器、蜗轮减速器、锥齿轮减速器等等)、行星齿轮减速器、摆线针轮减速器、蜗轮蜗杆减速器、行星摩擦式机械无级变速机等等。3、常见减速器 1）蜗轮蜗杆减速器的主要特点是具有反向自锁功能，可以有较大的减速比，输入轴和输出轴不在同一轴线上，也不在同一平面上。但是一般体积较大，传动效率不高，精度不高。 2）谐波减速器的谐波传动是利用柔性元件可控的弹性变形来传递运动和动力的，体积不大、精度很高，但缺点是柔轮寿命有限、不耐冲击，刚性与金属件相比较差。输入转速不能太高。 3）行星减速器其优点是结构比较紧凑，回程间隙小、精度较高，使用寿命很长，额定输出扭矩可以做的很大。但价格略贵一、对装配前零件的要求：1.滚动轴承用汽油清洗，其他零件用煤油清洗。所有零件和箱体内不许有任何杂质存在。箱体内壁和齿轮（蜗轮）等未加工表面先后涂两次不被机油侵蚀的耐油漆，箱体外表面先后涂底漆和颜色油漆（按主机要求配色）。 2.零件配合面洗净后涂以润滑油二、安装和调整的要求 1.滚动轴承的安装滚动轴承安装时轴承内圈应紧贴轴肩，要求缝隙不得通过0.05mm 厚的塞尺。 2.轴承轴向游隙对游隙不可调整的轴承（如深沟球轴承），其轴向游隙为0.250.4mm；对游隙可调整的轴承轴向游隙数值见表。点击查看圆锥滚子轴承轴向游隙；角接触球轴承轴向游隙 3.齿轮（蜗轮）啮合的齿侧间隙可用塞尺或压铅法。即将铅丝放在齿槽上，然后转动齿轮而压扁铅丝，测量两齿侧被压扁铅丝厚度之和即为齿侧的大小。 4.齿面接触斑点圆柱齿轮齿面接触斑点2-10-4；圆锥齿轮齿面接触斑点2-11-4；蜗杆传动接触斑点2-12-4 三、密封要求 1.箱体剖分面之间不允许填任何垫片，但可以涂密封胶或水玻璃以保证密封； 2.装配时，在拧紧箱体螺栓前，应使用0.05mm的塞尺检查箱盖和箱座结合面之间的密封性； 3.轴伸密封处应涂以润滑脂。各密封装置应严格按要求安装四、润滑要求 1.合理确定润滑油和润滑脂类型和牌号 2.轴承脂润滑时，润滑脂的填充量一般为可加脂空间的1/22/3。 3.润滑油应定期更换，新减速器第一次使用时，运转714天后换油，以后可以根据情况每隔36个月换一次油。五、试验要求 1.空载运转：在额定转速下正、反运转12小时； 2.负荷试验：在额定转速、额定负荷下运转，至油温平衡为止。对齿轮减速器，要求油池温升不超过35oC,轴承温升不超过40oC；对蜗杆减速器，要求油池温升不超过60oC,轴承温升不超过50oC； 3.全部试验过程中，要求运转平稳，噪声小，联接固定处不松动，各密封、结合处不六、包装和运输要求 1.外伸轴及其附件应涂油包装； 2.搬运、起吊时不得使用吊环螺钉及吊耳以上技术要求不一定全部列出，有时还需另增项目，主要由设计的具体要求而定。七、技术要求 1.装配前，所有零件用煤油清洗，滚动轴承用汽油清洗，不许有任何杂物存在。内壁涂上不被机油腐蚀的涂料两次； 2.啮合侧隙用铅丝检验不小于0.16mm，铅丝不得大于最小侧隙的4倍； 3.用涂色法检验斑点。按齿高接触点不小于40%；按齿长接触斑点不小于50%。必

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