高考英语 阅读理解系列训练（14）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解系列训练（14）及答案解析第三部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c、d)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。a(2012沈阳四校协作体月考)im a volunteer for the american diabetes (糖尿病) association(ada). i am on the planning committee for a oneday cycling event called “tour de cure”. its sponsored by the ada and the profits(利润) of this event are used for diabetes research and program funding.while i was talking to people about our “tour de cure” event in downtown denver one day, i met a young boy wearing a red hat from oklahoma named jack. i think he was 1011 years old. it was the jar of red rubber wrist bands (the american diabetes association diabetes awareness wrist bands) that caught jacks eye. these are the bands we give out to people who have diabetes, who have a family member who has diabetes or to those people who know someone who has diabetes.people wear these for a variety of reasons: in memory of a loved one, to promote diabetes awareness and to show support for people who have diabetes. jack walked towards me eyeing the jar and then he said, “can i have one of those？” so, i replied to jack, “do you have someone in your family who has diabetes？” jack said, “no, but i know someone who has diabetes.” so i gave him one to wear for his friend.then, jack began looking at our “tour de cure” photo album. when jack had finished and was about to go, he looked up at me and said, “would you take a donation？” i was surprised to hear this from a 1011yearold boy, but i said, “yes.” i took the lid of our donation container off as jack was reaching into his pocket. his hand came out clinched around the donation he was about to make. it was my impression that what he had in his hand was everything he had in his pocket, as he did not count it. after jack dropped his donation into the container, i gave him a highfive, as i so often do to acknowledge an accomplishment or an appreciation. i also gave him a handshake before he parted. after jack left, i counted his gift$3.00. i then realized that he gave all he had, without counting the cost.the heart of a child made me smile that day. thank you, jack.文章大意：我在为美国糖尿病协会作志愿者时，一个名叫杰克的小孩的善心捐赠深深感动了我。56what attracted jack to walk towards the author?a. the jarb. the hatc. the photo albumd. the donation container57it was probable that jack wore a wrist band to_.a. prove his confidence in fighting diabetesb. promote his strong diabetes awarenessc. express his love for his family membersd. support his friend who has diabetes58that jack wanted to make a donation surprised the author because the author thought_.a. jack was telling a lie to himb. jack was playing a joke on himc. jack was brave enough to do sod. jack was a great person for his age59what would be the best title of the passage?a. a lovely boy i metb. the heart of a childc. a moving day i spentd. the donation of a child56答案：a细节理解题。由第二段第三句话“it was the jar of red rubber wrist bands (the american diabetes association diabetes awareness wrist bands) that caught jacks eye.”可知。57答案：d细节理解题。由第三段最后两句话可知，杰克是为了朋友。58答案：d推理判断题。由第四段可知，杰克提出要募捐，这让我很惊讶，因为他只是一个小孩子，能这么做，他一定是品质高尚。59答案：b主旨大意题。由文章大意可知，本文讲述了一个名叫杰克的孩子的善心，所以b项正确。*结束 (2012太原调研)bake sugar cookiesnobody is actually sure who created the very first cookie.but the first cookie may have been a mistake.many cooking experts believe that a long time ago cooks who wanted to test the temperature of their ovens would bake a little bit to find out if the oven was hot enough to bake an entire cake.thesetest cakes were called “keokje”， which means “little cake” in the language used in the netherlands.people from the netherlands brought the recipe to the united states.the word “cookie” may have come from their word “keokje”，cookies are also very popular in england, but the english call them “biscuits”， as do australians.almost every country has a word for cookie.in spain, they are called “galletas”， and in italy, cookies are called “biscotti”americans are not the only people who enjoy cookies.you can make cookies following these steps：preheat oven to 150 .put a little butter on a cookie sheet.mix together white sugar, brown sugar, butter and eggs.then add vanilla(香草)add flour, salt, baking soda, and baking powder.then mix well.drop by spoonfuls onto the cookie sheet.bake at 150 for 12 minutes or until lightly brown.文章大意：小甜饼在很多国家很受欢迎，它是怎么制作的，又是从哪里起源的呢？文章进行了详尽的叙述。60in which country were the test cakes first made?a.spain. b.australia.c.the netherlands. d.the united states.61what is the first step to bake cookies?a.heat oven to 150 bmix the butter and the sugar.c.test the temperature of the oven. d.brush the cookies with some oil.62if the cookies look lightly brown, what does this mean?a.they have burned. bthey are done.c.they have become soft. d.they need to cook again.60答案：c细节理解题。由第一段后三句话可知，荷兰是最早制作这些小饼的国家。61答案：a细节理解题。由最后“preheat oven to 150 .”可知，制作小甜饼的第一步是把烤炉预热到150度。62答案：b推理判断题。由文章最后一句话“bake at 150 for 12 minutes or until lightly brown.”可知，当小饼看上去稍微有点棕色时，小饼就熟了。*结束*结束*结束(2011四川卷，c)the multimillion pound new library of birmingham(lob)will be the most visible sign of the way the city is accepting the digitalization(数字化)of everyday life.set to open in 2013, the 188m lob is already beginning to take shape next to the birmingham repertory theatre, with which it will share some equipment.as digital media(媒介)is important to its_idea,_the project is already providing chances for some of the many small new local companies working at the new technologies.brian gambles, the lob project director, says it is about giving people the right tools for learning：“the aim is to mix the physical with the digital, providing 24hour services which can be used through many different ways. it is important to enable us to reach more people, more effectively.”the digital library will, he says, be as important as the physical one, allowing the distant use of the services, making sure that it is never closed to the public.even before the lob is complete, the public has been able to go online to visit the virtual(虚拟的)lob, designed by baden, the birmingham virtual worlds specialists. not only have the public been able to learn about the lob, but the virtual one has also enabled those working on the lob to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens.two other small birminghambased digital companies are also working on the lob projects. substrat, a digital design company, is developing what it calls an example of an “enlarged reality” project. it is about the use of an exciting smart phone, an important part of the lob which is in the early stages of development. and the peoples archice is an online library of historical figures of the city being built up by a digital content company in cahoots, in which users will be encouraged to add to and comment on the material.gambles says: “technology will enable us to make the librarys content and services open to citizens as never before.”投资数百万英镑的伯明翰新建图书馆将会是目前很有代表性的数字化图书馆，在这样的图书馆，人们将会体验新的阅览工具，并且能够真正做图书馆的主人，即：能够参与图书内容的增补与建议。9the underlined part “its idea” in paragraph 3 refers to the idea of _.athe equipment bthe projectcthe digital media dthe physical library答案：b。词义猜测题。根据下一句话的信息词“the project is already providing.”可以断定此处的代词its 指的就是the project。10while visiting the virtual lob, the public can _.aget a general idea of the lobbmeet many worldfamous expertsclearn how to put up a library buildingdunderstand how the specialists work on the project 答案：a。细节判断题。在倒数第三段中，信息句“not only have the public been able to learn about the lob.”可以给以提示：即：公众可以很好地了解lob的具体情况，即同选项a所说的一样。11which of the following is true of the lob when it opens?ait offers better learning tools.bit reaches users in different ways.cit provides users with smart phones.dit allows users to enrich its material.eit gives nonstop physical and digital services.aa，b，d ba，c，e cb，c，d db，d，e 答案：a。细节判断题。 在文章的第三段中提到这样“right tools for learning”“used through many different ways ”以及倒数第二段的最后“add to and comment on the material”都表明了关于开放时的lob的情况，即同选项a。12the text is most probably taken from _.aa computer bookba library guideca project handbookda newspaper report答案：d。文章出处判断题。既然是针对于公众的信息，应该是面对普通公众，即选择最大众化的媒体，即新闻报道。 (2011陕西卷，d)ever since they were first put on the market in the early 1990s, genetically modified (gm, 转基因) foods have been increasingly developed and marketed in many countries in the world，mainly on the basis of their promise to end the worldwide food crisis. but can gm technology solve world hunger problems? even if it would，is it the best solution?despite what it promises，gm technology actually has not increased the production potential(潜力)of any crop. in fact studies show that the most widely grown gm crop, gm soybeans, has suffered reduced productivity. for instance, a report that analysed nearly two decades of research on major gm food crops shows that gm engineering has failed to significantly increase us crop production.something else, however, has been on the rise. while gm seeds are expensive, gm companies tell farmers that they will make good profits by saving money on pesticides(杀虫剂). on the contrary, us government data show that gm crops in the us have produced an overall increase in pesticide use compared to traditional crops. “the promise was that you could use less chemicals and boost production. but neither is true，” said bill christison, president of the us national family farm coalition.at the same time, the authors of the book world hunger: twelve myths argue that there actually is more than enough food in the world and that the hunger crisis is not caused by production, but by problems in food distribution and politics. these indeed deserve our efforts and money. meanwhile, the rise in food prices results from the increased use of crops for fuel rather than food, according to a 2008 world bank report.as a matter of fact，scientists see better ways to feed the world. another world bank report concluded that gm crops have little to offer to the challenges of worldwide poverty and hunger, because better ways out are available, among which “green” farming is supposed to be the first choice.主要讲转基因技术并不是解决世界饥饿问题最好的方式。13the author develops the second paragraph mainly_.a. by classification b. by comparison c. by example d. by process答案：c。写作手法题中的段落行文题。根据第二段第三行的for instance(例如)可知，c项(by example通过举例)正确，排除by classification“通过分类”/by comparison“通过类比”/by process“根据事物发展流程”。14what does the underlined word “boost” in the third paragraph probably mean?a. control. b. evaluate. c. obtain. d. increase.答案：d。词义猜测题。 control控制；evaluate评估，评价；obtain获得；increase增加，提高，根据前后文可知，boost在此相当于increase(增加生产量)。15gm companies promise farmers that they will benefit from_.a. practising “green” farming b. use of less chemicalsc. fair distribution of their cropsd. using more crops for fuel答案：b。事实细节题。通过题干中promise和 benefit from分别定位到文章第三段第二行和第四行引号部分就可选出答案。16which of the following best describes the attitude of the author towards gm technology?a. optimistic. b. defensive. c. disapproving. d. casual.答案：c。态度观点题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲转基因技术并不是解决世界饥饿问题最好的方式。a乐观的；b保护的；c不赞成的；d随便的，漫不经心的。显然c项是作者对于转基因技术的态度。 (2011安徽卷，e)george prochnik would like the world to_put_a_sock_in_it. he makes his case in a new book, listening for meaning in a world of noise. here he explains himself (using his indoor voice)：“weve become so accustomed to noise, theres almost a deep prejudice against the idea that silence might be beneficial. if you tell someone to be quiet, you sound like an old man. but its never been more important to find continuing quiet. silence focuses us, improves our health, and is a key to lasting peace and satisfaction.”“we need to excite people about the sounds you start to hear if you merely quiet things down a little. during a japanese tea ceremony, the smallest sounds becomes a kind of artthe spoons making a light ringing sound on a bowl, the edges of a kimono (和服)brushing against the floor.”“deaf people are very attentive(专注的)in almost every aspect of life. if two deaf people are walking together, using sign language，they constantly watch out for each other and protect each other by paying steady attention to the other. they are connected yet also fully aware of their surroundings. even deaf teenagers! we in the hearing world can learn from them. if we remove the powerful blasts(一阵阵)of noise, we become aware of an extraordinarily rich world around usof little soft and the sound of footsteps, o