【步步高】（江苏专用）高考英语一轮复习 Unit 1 Building the future同步导学 牛津译林版选修10(1).doc

【步步高】（江苏专用）2015届高考英语一轮复习 unit 1 building the future同步导学 牛津译林版选修10.重点单词梳理1dilemma /dilem/ n(进退两难的)窘境，困境2permanent /pmnnt/ adj.永久的，长久的3enterprise /entpraiz/ n经济活动；企业4weaken /wikn/ vt.& vi.削弱，减弱5moreover /mrv(r)/ adv.此外，而且6deposit /dipzit/ n沉积物；存款；vt.使沉积；存钱7tentative /tenttiv/ adj.暂定的，不确定的；踌躇的，犹豫不定的8shortterm /ttm/ adj.短期的，近期的longterm adj.长期的，长远的9conventional /knvennl/ adj.传统的，常规的，依照惯例的convention n惯例，习俗，公约10expense /ikspens/ n费用，开销expensive adj.昂贵的11creativity /krieitivti/ n创造力create vt.创造creative adj.有创造力的；创造性的12catering /keitri/ n餐饮服务，酒席承办cater vi.& vt.(为社交活动)提供饮食，承办酒席13hopefully /hpfli/ adv.可望，有望；抱有希望地hopeful adj.抱有希望的hopeless adj.没有好转希望的，无望的14systematic /sistmtik/ adj.蓄意的；系统的；成体系的system n系统；体系.重点短语梳理1make_the_headlines成为重要新闻2put_pressure_on_sb.to_do_sth.促使、迫使某人做某事3beyond_doubt毫无疑问4at_a_crossroads处于关键时刻5catch_up_on补上，补做6put_o_practice实施，把付诸实践7on_top_of除之外；在上面(方)8push_for_sth.迫切要求，反复争取.经典原句默写与背诵1there_is_a_saying_that_goes(有句俗语是这样说的)，give a man a fish，and you feed him for a day.teach a man to fish，and you feed him for the rest of his life.2this should set alarm bells ringing，since_the_bare_fact_is_that(因为最基本的现实是) in order for everyone to survive，serious adjustments need to be made in worldwide development.3one possible solution to this problem now_being_discussed(现在正在被讨论的) is sustainable development.4the introduction of programmes like these will hopefully help end the systematic destruction of the environment and see_alternative_energy_promoted(确保替代能源得到推广) around the world.语境填词1the absence of this witness has weakened(weak) the case against the accused.2the boy looked at his father hopefully(hopeful) because he thought his father had brought him a present.3we have to make a few adjustments(adjust) to our original design.4the government plans to create(creativity) more jobs for young people.5any driver found drinking beyond(超出) the limit will be charged.6heavy drinking can cause permanent(永久的) damage to the brain.7running a car is a big expense(开销).选词填空1this meeting has been，beyond_doubt，one of the most useful we have had so far.2weve made our plans，and now we must put them into_practice.3their parents were putting_pressure_on them to get married.4facing rising prices，workers start to push_for a higher salary to cover their daily expenses.5he will catch_up_on lost time by working harder.1beyond sb.为某人所不能理解；超出某人的能力beyond control无法控制beyond ones wildest dream(s)某人做梦也没想到beyond ones power是某人所不及的beyond compare无可比拟；非常好beyond reason毫无道理its beyond me why she wants to marry jeff.我无法理解她为什么要嫁给杰夫。夯实基础选词填空(1)the car was beyond control and ran into a tree.(2)i havent seen sara since she was a little girl，and she has changed beyond recognition.(3)his behaviour was completely beyond comprehension.(4)youd better put the bottle of medicine beyond the childrens reach.(5)she comes from denmark.beyond that，i know nothing about her.2ater v.迎合；满足需要；提供饮食及服务cater to迎合cater for为提供服务；满足需要cater for sth.提供饮食；承办酒席our newspapers try to cater for/to all opinions.我们的报纸试图满足各种观点的要求。the small restaurant caters for weddings and parties.这家小饭馆承办婚礼和宴会酒席。夯实基础用适当的介、副词填空(1)its the kind of movie that caters to the worst side of human nature.(2)its a holiday company that caters for the elderly.(3)who is catering for your daughters wedding?3press sth.on.把(想法等)强加于in/at press在印刷中off press已出版；已发行under pressure在压力下she pressed her guests to stay a little longer.她力劝客人们多待一会儿。they are putting pressure on people to vote “yes”他们正在向人们施加压力，要求他们投赞成票。夯实基础用适当的介词填空(1)with one problem pressing on his mind，he felt stressed.(2)you can buy this kind of book everywhere，for it is still in/at press.4practical adj.实际的；实践的；实用的in practice在实践中out of practice荒废；生疏practice doing.练习做practicallyactually实际上；事实上should we just pay lip service or take practical measures to protect it?我们是敷衍了事还是采取实际措施来保护它呢？(2013江苏书面表达)he lacked any of the practical common sense essential in management.管理方面基本的实用常识他一点也不懂。夯实基础完成句子(1)your idea wont work in_practice(在实践中)(2)it remains to be seen whether the newlyformed committees policy can_be_put_into_practice(能付诸于实践)5 (in fact，hunger is the worlds number one health risk，killing more people than any disease.事实上，饥饿是全球健康的头号威胁，它夺去的生命比任何疾病都要多。现在分词(短语)作结果状语常表示意料、情理之中的结果，这种分词的逻辑主语既可以是句子的主语，也可以是前边的整个句子，逻辑主语为前边的整个句子时，其作用相当于一个非限制性定语从句。不定式(短语)作结果状语常表示出乎意料的结果。the child fell，striking his head against the door.小孩摔了一跤，头碰到了门上。he hurried to the bus stop，only to find the bus had left.他匆匆地去了车站，结果发现公交车已离开。夯实基础同义句改写a number of new machines were introduced from abroad，resulting in an increase in production.(改为which引导的非限制性定语从句)a_number_of_new_machines_were_introduced_from_abroad，which_resulted_in_an_increase_in_production.单项填空1finding a job in such a big company has always been_ his wildest dream.aunder bovercabove dbeyond答案d解析句意为：能在这么大的公司找到一份工作一直是他做梦也想不到的事。beyond ones wildest dream为固定短语，意为“做梦也想不到”。2my son is always falling behind others and he cant follow his teachers. he can go to yucai school，which _ all ability ranges.acalls for bcaters forccares for dstruggles for答案b解析答句句意为：他可以去育才中学，育才中学对不同水平的人都适合。cater for满足需要，符合句意。3he told me to_ the button to pause.apress bimpresscexpress dswitch答案a解析句意为：他叫我摁按钮暂停。press压，按，符合句意。4its a common_ for the farmers to look down upon baby girls.aprocess bpracticecprocedure dperformance 答案b解析句意为：农民轻视女孩是常见的做法。practice做法，习惯，符合句意。5it rained heavily in the south，_serious flooding in several provinces.(2010天津，12)acaused bhaving causedccausing dto cause答案c解析句意为：南方天降大雨，导致许多省份出现了严重的水灾。动词的现在分词形式在句中作结果状语，强调主句动作发生后所导致的结果。having caused体现的动作先于主句动作发生；to cause说明该动作发生在将来，与事实不符；serious和several这两个形容词都说明结果已经出现。故选项c正确。.汉译英但是，当事情超出我的能力时，我会向同学或老师求教。(beyond)(2011安徽书面表达)however，when_it_is_something_beyond_my_competence，i_turn_to_my_classmates_or_teachers_for_help.单项填空1will you go skating with me this winter vacation?it _.aall depend ball dependscis all depended dis all depending答案b解析it all depends.意为“视情况而定”。2varieties of programmes in the tv station_ many different types of interests and tastes among the public.acater to bappeal tocapply to dadjust to答案a解析考查动词短语辨析。句意为：电视台安排了各种节目来满足公众很多不同类型的兴趣和爱好。cater to满足需要或要求；appeal to吸引；apply to运用于，适用于；adjust to使适合于，调整以适用。3i dont doubt _ he took the first place in his class，but i do doubt _ he will succeed in the end.aif；that bbut that；whichcwhether；whether dthat；whether答案d4it is known to all that _ you exercise regularly，you wont keep good health.aunless bwhenevercalthough dif答案a解析根据句意，前一句应该是后一句内容产生的条件，a、d两项均表条件，但如果选d，与常识不符，故选择a。5_ more lives than any other disease，hunger has become the number one global health risk.ahaving been claimed bclaimedcclaiming dto claim答案c解析句意为：比任何疾病夺去的生命都要多，饥饿已成为全球头号健康威胁。claiming为现在分词作状语，与hunger构成主动关系。6elizabeth has already achieved success _her wildest dreams.aat bbeyondcwithin dupon答案b解析beyond ones wildest dreams表示“大大超出某人的预料”，是固定搭配。7the flu is believed_ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.acausingbbeing causedcto be causeddto have been caused答案d解析考查动词believe用法。sb./sth.be believed to do某人/物被相信，又因句中的cause发生在谓语动词之前，故用完成时。8when i came in，mary was sitting by the window，her legs crossed，and her chin rested on one fist，_ lost in deep thought.aeven if bonly ifcif only das if答案d解析考查方式状语从句。as if好像，引导方式状语从句；even if即使，引导让步状语从句；only if只有，引导条件状语从句，only if放于句首时主句要倒装；if only但愿，句后要使用虚拟语气。根据后半句句意“她好像陷入了沉思”可知d项正确。9so difficult_ it to acquire a large vocabulary without the help of a teacher that he was close to giving up.ahe have felt bhave he feltche did fell ddid he feel答案d解析在so.that结构中，若将表示程度的状语“soadj./adv.”置于句首，所在的句子用部分倒装语序，故可排除a、c两项；根据句意以及that后面句子所用时态可知d项正确。10_ is known to us all is that the 2008 olympic games took place in beijing.ait bwhatcas dwhich答案b解析分析题干结构可知，“_is known to us all”是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语。如果选it，需去掉all后的is；如果选as；需去掉is that。.完形填空pressure means that people are expecting a lot of you.it also means that you sometimes have to do a lot of things in a _1_ period of time.pressure seems to be a _2_ of modern life；everyone feels it.people feel pressure at work，students feel pressure at school and everyone sometimes feels the pressure of trying to _3_their friends and family.surprising as it may sound，though，pressure can be a(n)_4_ thing.when you are _5_ pressure，it helps you to concentrate and think hard about the problems that have to be _6_.it forces you to _7_ your time，to decide which problems are more important and which are less important.and，_8_，when you have faced these problems you _9_ a better，stronger person.of course，pressure isnt always _10_.too much pressure causes stress and it can _11_ your health.it affects your heart，your blood circulation(循环) and your nervous system.people who _12_ too much pressure or stress have _13_ sleeping and eating.when this _14_，its time to get help from a doctor.if you are feeling this way make sure you tell someone.the worst way to handle “negative” pressure is to keep _15_；it will only make things _16_.your attitude has a lot to do with how you _17_ pressure.when faced with a problem，try to look at it as a challenge _18_ an annoyance(烦恼)life is _19_ with problems and pressuresthey are never going away，so we have to face them and _20_ them.in the end，it makes us better people and we can shine like diamonds.1a.long bshortchappy dsad答案b解析压力也意味着有时你在短时间内有大量的事情要做，故此处用short。2a.part btitlecsight drole答案a解析根据下文“每个人都会感受到压力”可知，压力是现代生活的一部分(part)。3a.affect bpleasecimprove djoin答案b解析每个人在努力去讨好(please)朋友和家人时都有时候会感觉到压力。4a.ordinary brarecgood dserious答案c解析虽然听起来很令人吃惊，压力也可能成为一件好(good)事。5a.in batcacross dunder答案d解析当你处于压力之下时，它会帮助你集中精力并努力思考问题，故under在(影响)下，符合语境。6a.realized badoptedcsolved dconsidered答案c解析压力会促使你仔细思考有待解决(solve)的问题。7a.limit brecord corganize dseparate答案c解析压力还会迫使你去安排你的时间。organize在此处意为“安排，筹划”。8a.in the end bin a wordcin turn din order答案a解析根据上下文逻辑上的先后顺序关系和空后的“当你面对完这些问题”可推知，此处应为in the end(最终)。9a.make bbecomecexpect ddevelop答案b解析你会成为(become)一个更优秀、更坚强的人。10a.interesting bimportantcnecessary dworthwhile答案d解析上段讲了压力的好处，这一段讲述压力带来的危害。此处承上启下：压力并不总是有益的。worthwhile有价值的，值得的，符合语境。11a.harm bcontrolcreduce dlose答案a解析联系下一句的具体说明可知，太多的压力会损害(harm)你的健康。12a.suffer from btake overcturn down dput out答案a解析此处指那些遭受太多压力的人。suffer from遭受，经受，符合语境。13a.effect bfavourctrouble ddanger答案c解析那些压力太大的人会遇到睡眠和饮食的问题。have trouble (in) doing sth.表示“做某事有问题或麻烦”。14a.arrives bhappenscworks dcalls答案b解析当上文讲述的这种情况发生(happen)时，应该去向医生寻求帮助。15a.curious bcarefulcawake dsilent答案d解析上一句说有压力时要学会倾诉。由此可以推知，对待“负面的”压力最糟糕的解决办法就是保持沉默(silent)。16a.less bworseceasier dharder答案b解析面对压力时保持沉默，那样只能使得事情更糟(worse)。17a.list bhandlecavoid darrange答案b解析你的态度与你如何处理(handle)压力的关系很大。18a.rather than bnext tocthanks to dless than 答案a解析当面对问题时，应该将它看作是挑战，而非(rather than)烦恼。19a.equipped bofferedcfilled dsupplied答案c解析生活中充满了问题和压力。be filled with，固定短语，意为“充满”。20a.check bchargeccomfort dovercome答案d解析对于生活中的问题和压力，我们必须去面对和克服(overcome)它们。.阅读理解millions of americans，this thursday，will join family and friends to give thanks and eat a meal with a history that is centuries old.early european settlers in north america held other ceremonies where they gave thanks.but what americans often consider the first thanksgiving took place in plymouth colony.today we call it massachusetts.those settlers are known as the pilgrims.they held a threeday celebration in the fall of 1621.they celebrated the harvest with members of a local indian tribe.the best known food that americans traditionally eat on thanksgiving is turkey.thanksgiving turkeys are traditionally served with a bread mixture that some americans call stuffing.side dishes include sweet potatoes and green beans or other vegetables.the meal traditionally ends with a dessert of pumpkin pie or pecan pie.some thanksgiving foods have changed over time.for example，most turkeys these days are bred(育种) with larger breasts to provide more white meat.corn has also changed.it tastes much sweeter than the corn of the past.the way americans prepare for thanksgiving has also changed.economist john anderson of the american farm bureau federation says people look for ways to save t