高一定语从句关系代词讲解和练习.doc

定语从句讲解和练习关系代词1Mary is a student who is 21 years old. (主句部分) (从句部分) He who laughs last laughs best. (从句部分)2.定语从句：修饰主句中名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。）先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。)Mary is a student who is 21 years old. (先行词) (关系代词) The school where he studied is in Shenzhen. (先行词) (关系副词)3. 关系词的作用 指代先行词； 位于从句句首，连接定语从句与主句； 并在定语从句中充当从句某一成分。4. 关系代词用法1) that, which Some of the books were gifts (that/which) he got from his Chinese friends and students. The paintings (that/which) David donated to the school are being shown in the exibition room. 归纳：定语从句中，用that/ which指代物。 that/which在从句中作宾语时可以省略。 2) who, whomMost of the students (whom/who) he taught have become his friends.She was the teacher who taught us English Literature. 归纳：定语从句中，用who/whom指代人。 在从句中充当主语时，用who。 在从句中充当宾语时，用whom(也可以用who),还可以省略。 3) whoseI sat next to a girl whose name was Diana. The club whose members are music fans meet in the school garden every Saturday afternoon. 归纳：定语从句中，用whose指代人/物，表示“某人的”、“某物的”，在从句中充当定语。5. 特殊的用法（一）which, that 在代替物时，一般可以通用。但在有些情况下，只用 that。1 先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。例如： This is the best that has been used against pollution. English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years. 先行词是序数词，或它前面有一个序数词时。例如： This is the last place (that) I want to visit. It is the first American movie of this kind that Ive ever seen. 先行词是 all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等代词时。例如： You should hand in all that you have. We havent got much that we can offer you. 先行词前面有the only, the very, any, few, little, no, all, much, every等修饰时。例如： The only thing that we can do is to give you some money. The little money (that) he had was stolen.（5） 先行词既有人又有物时。例如： Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? The bike and its rider that had run over an old man were taken to the police station.（6） 主句已有疑问词who 或which时。例如： Which is the bike that you lost? Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting?（二）宜用who, 而不用that的一些情况 先行词是one, ones, anyone时。例如： One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth. Dont tell anyone about the news who oughtnt to know it.先行词是those时。例如： Those who were not fit for their work could not see the beautiful clothes made of the magic cloth.（三）与whose有关的问题 whose是代词的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物。例如： I saw a woman whose bag was stolen. Please show me the book whose cover is red. 当whose表示物与物的所有格关系时，亦可用of which的形式。例如： The building whose roof you can see from here is a new restaurant. The building, the roof of which you can see from here, is a new restaurant.或 The building, of which the roof you can see from here is a new restaurant.练习题（关系代词部分）1、This is the school. You studied in the school when you were young._2、That farm is the one. You can see it from the gate._3、I know the hospital. You were born in it._4、Ill never forget the days. We spent the days in the countryside._5、My father was born in 1920. My fathers brother is a teacher._6、This is Xiao Ming. Xiao Ming is very good at maths._7、Is this the reason? You gave the the teacher the reason for your being late._8、I am pleased with the person. You talked of the person in your letter._9、I found the wallet under the tree. The tree died two years ago._10、No one know the day. Our master was born on the day._11、Can you see the house. The houses roof was broken by a stone._12、I knew the person. You met the same person in the street yesterday._13、I have no such books. You have the books on your bookshelf.用适当的关系代词填空（which, that, who, whom, whose, as）：1、This is the school_you studied in when you were young.2、That farm is the one_ you can see from the gate.3、I know the hospital_ you were born in.4、Ill never forget the days_we spent in the countryside.5、My father _ brother is a teacher was born in 1920.6、This is Xiao Ming_ is very good at maths.7、Is this the reason_you gave the the teacher for your being late?8、I am pleased with the person_you talked of in your letter.9、I found the wallet under the tree_ died two years ago.10、No one know the day_ our master was born on.11、Can you see the house_ roof was broken by a stone.12、I knew the same person_you met in the street yesterday.13、I have no such books_you have on your bookshelf.14、They bought a new car _ is as big as the old one.15、The boy_ schoolbag had been left at scholl was scolded by his dad.16、That desk is bigger than the one _ stands in the corner.17、The old man _ is sitting by my mother is my grandfather.18、He is a model worker _ we should learn from.19、September is a month _ comes after October.20、Jackis the only student _speaks English in our class.21、The tall building _ has just been finished is part of the TV station.22