SAQ-part 2-141,142(1).doc

Self-Assessment Questions For Medical Immunology-Part 2（14级临床）Chapter 6 10. Multiple Choice Questions(For each question, choose the ONE BEST answer or completion.)Chapter 6 Complement System1. Activation of the complement system results when the C1 complement of the complement system binds to which of the following?A) the Fab region of one IgM antibody moleculeB) the Fab region of one IgG antibody moleculeC) the Fab region of one IgE antibody moleculeD) the Fc region of one IgG antibody moleculeE) the Fc region of one IgM antibody molecule2. Which of the following statements about the complement system is correct?A) IgM is considered the most efficient antibody for initiating the cascade.B) The order of the complements of classical system is C1, C3, C2, C4, C7, C6, C9, C8.C) The alternate system is used only when the classical system is inhibited.D) Receptors for complement factors are found primarily on red blood cells.E) The structure of the C3 and C5 convertase of the classical system is identical to that of the alternate system.3. Which components have the function of opsonization?A) antigens B) antigens and complementsC) antibodies and complements D) complementsE) antibodies4. Which one is anaphylatoxin?A) C5a B) C1q C) C3b D) factor I E) factor H5. Component participating in the classical pathway of complement activation isA) C1q B) IgG4 C) IL-2 D) factor H E) factor B6. About complements, which one is false?A) sensitive to heat B) composed of single componentC) Complements are proteins which express enzyme activity after activation.D) There are the necessary supplement of the cytolysis of antibodyE) They are effector system of body7. The activator of classical pathway isA) free antigen B) free antibodyC) immune complex D) pentamer of IgME) none of the above8. Which component is activated earliest in classical pathway of complement activation?A) C1q B) C1r C) C1s D) C4 E) C29. Which component is activated earliest in alternative pathway of complement activation?A) C1 B) C3 C) C5a D) C4 E) C210. Which component has function of chemotaxis?A) C2a B) C3b C) C5a D) C5b E) C4b11. Whose ability of activating complements is the strongest?A) IgA B) IgG C) IgD D) IgM E) IgE12. Which one can be lysed into 2 pieces with different sizes?A) C6 B) C7 C) C8 D) C9 E) C513. The process that is synergistically enhanced by the binding of both antibodies and complement fragments such as C3b by phagocytes is known asA) agglutination (凝集反应) B) complement activationC) neutralization D) opsonizationE) precipitin reaction (沉淀反应)14. Which of the following antibody isotype facilitate the sequential binding of the C1, C4, C2, and C3 components of the complement system?A) IgA and IgD B) IgA and IgEC) IgA and IgM D) IgE and IgME) IgG and IgM15. The alternative complement pathway is initiated byA) cell-surface constituents that recognized as foreign to the hostB) mannose-containing residues of glycoproteins on certain microbesC) stimulation of killer activation receptors on NK cellsD) the formation of antibody-antigen complexesE) toll-like receptor binding to pathogen-associated molecular patterns16. The classical pathway of complement begins withA) activation of C1B) cleavage and activation of C4, C2, and C3C) IgA binding to a specific epitopeD) initiation of membrane attack complex (MAC) formationE) production of C3 convertase17. The classical pathway of complement functions toA) cleave Ig into Fc fragment B) facilitate destruction of microbesC) recognize specific epitopes on microbes D) regulate lymphocyte developmentE) trigger histamine (组胺) release18. Which of the following events initiates activation of the alternative complementpathway?A) C1q binding to a microbial surfaceB) Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) binding to a microbial surfaceC) Complement receptor 1 (CR1) binding of C3bD) Factor I cleavage of C3E) Spontaneous cleavage of C3 to C3b19. Of the following complement components, which one is the most important opsonin? A) C1 B) C3a C) C3b D) C5a E) C5b20. Of the following, which one is the most potent in attracting neutrophils to the site of infection (i.e., acting as a chemokine)? A) C1 B) C2 C) C3b D) C5a E) Mannan-binding lectin21. Of the following, which one is the most important function of the complex formed by complement components C5b, 6, 7, 8, 9? A) To enhance antibody production B) To inhibit immune complex formation C) To opsonize viruses D) To perforate bacterial cell membranes E) To release histamine from mast cellsChapter 7 8 Cytokines, Leukocyte Differentiation Antigens and Cell Adhesion Molecules1. Which of the following statements regarding the functional properties of cytokines is false?A) They typically have pleiotropic properties.B) They often exhibit functional redundancy.C) They often display antigen specificity.D) They exhibit synergistic or antagonistic properties.E) They assist in the regulation and development of immune effector cells.2. Which belong(s) to type I IFN? A) IFN- B) IFN-C) IFN- D) IFN- and IFN-E) IFN- and IFN-3. Following radiation therapy, a woman is found to be severely neutropenia (中性粒细胞减少症) and is offered cytokine therapy. Which of the following immune therapies is the MOST appropriate?A) G-CSF and GM-CSF B) Chemokines such as IL-8C) IFN- and IFN- D) IL-2 and IL-10E) IL-4 and IL-124. Immune interferon (IFN-)A) acts on virus-infected cells B) is produced by leukocytesC) is produced by fibroblasts D) activates macrophagesE) blocks viral replication5. Which property does not belong to cytokinesA) pleiotropism B) redundancy C) synergy D) specificity6. which is not included into the functions of adhesion molecules?A) mediating the interaction of T cells and APCs in the immune responseB) taking part in adhesion of leucocytes to vascular endothelium in inflammationC) participating in lymphocyte homingD) participating in activation of complement systemE) participating in interaction between cells and matrix7. CD molecules are all of the following EXCEPTA) They are the cluster of differentiation antigensB) They represent the leukocyte differentiation antigenC) They mostly are membrane moleculesD) The kinds of CD antigen do not change during the cell growthE) They participate in physiological and pathological reaction8. Regarding chemokines, which one of the following is the most accurate? A) Chemokines penetrate the membranes of target cells during attack by cytotoxic T cells. B) Chemokines bind to the TCR outside the antigen-binding site and activate many T cells. C) Chemokines attract neutrophils to the site of bacterial infection, thereby playing a role in the inflammatory response. D) Chemokines induce gene switching in B cells, which increases the amount of IgE synthesized, thereby predisposing to allergies.Chapter 9 MHC1. In humans, MHC II molecules are expressed byA) all nucleated cells B) B cells, dendritic cells, and macrophagesC) erythrocytes D) mast cellsE) naive T cells2. The gene for the MHC 2-microglobulin is found _.A) in between the genes for Class I MHCB) in between the genes for Class II MHCC) among the Class III genesD) on a different chromosome from the Class I genes3. MHC class I molecules are important for which of the following? A) binding to CD8 molecules on T cells B) presenting exogenous antigen (e.g., bacterial protein) to B cells C) presenting viral protein to antigen-presenting cells such as macrophages D) binding to CD4 molecules on T cells E) binding to Ig on B cells4. Which of the following is incorrect concerning MHC class II molecules? A) B cells may express different MHC class II molecules on their surface. B) MHC class II molecules are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum of many cell types. C) Genetically different individuals express different MHC class II alleles. D) MHC class II molecules are associated with b2-microglobulin on the cell surface. E) A peptide that does not bind to an MHC class II molecule will not trigger a CD4+ T cell response. 5. Products of TAP-1 and -2 genes A) bind b2-microglobulin. B) prevent peptide binding to MHC molecules. C) are part of the proteasome. D) transport peptides into the endoplasmic reticulum for binding to MHC class I. E) transport peptides into the endoplasmic reticulum for binding to MHC class II.6. Which of the following statements about the MHC is incorrect? A) It codes for complement components. B) It codes for both chains of the MHC class I molecule. C) It codes for both chains of the MHC class II molecule. D) It is associated with susceptibility and resistance to different diseases. E) The total set of MHC alleles on the chromosome is known as the MHC haplotype.7. When the sequences of different MHC class I molecules are compared, the variation between molecules is concentrated within which of the following? A) Areas of the molecule that bind CD4 B) Areas of the molecule that bind to the T cell receptor and to the antigenic peptide C) b2-microglobulin D) the transmembrane domain of the a chain E) the b1 domain (the N terminal domain of the b chain) 8. The relative risk of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is 87. Which statement BEST describes the meaning of this concept? A) 87% of people with B27 get AS. B) 87% of people with AS have B27. C) The risk of getting AS with B27 is 87 times that of getting Reiters syndrome. D) The risk of getting AS for people with B27 is 87 times greater than in people without B27. E) The risk of relatives getting AS is 87 times that of people in families without AS.9. MHC class I molecules are normally expressed on A) B cells only B) antigen-presenting cells only C) most nucleated cells D) T cells only E) erythrocytes and platelets only10. Peptides that bind to MHC class I moleculesA) are derived from endocytosed exogenous moleculesB) are synthesized in the cytoplasmC) cannot recognized by a specific T cell receptorD) are always of microbial originE) are never processed by the immune system11. The peptide-binding cleft of class II MHC molecules is composed ofA) 1 and 2 domain B) 1 and 2 domainC) 1 and 1 domain D) 2 and 2 domain12. All the following are characteristics of both MHC class I and class II molecules except: A) They are expressed codominantly. B) They are expressed constitutively on all nucleated cells. C) They are glycosylated polypeptides with domain structure. D) They are involved in presentation of antigen fragments to T cells. E) They are expressed on the surface membrane of B cells.13. The ligand of MHC-I molecule is:A) CD2 B) CD3 C) CD4 D) CD8 E) CD1014. The ligand of MHC-II molecule is:A) CD2 B) CD3 C) CD4 D) CD8 E) CD1015. The peptide-binding region of HLA-I molecule:A) can bind to CD8 molecule of Tc cell B) can bind to CD4 molecule of Th cellC) is composed of 1 and 1 domain D) is composed of 1 and 2 domainE) is composed of 1 and 3 domain16. The cell that does not express HLA-I molecules?A) T cell B) B cell C) macrophage D) epithelium E) red blood cell17. Which one of the following statements about peptide binding to MHC molecules is true?A) MHC molecules preferentially bind peptides derived from foreign (e.g., microbial)proteins and not peptides derived from self proteins.B) Each type of MHC molecule and each allelic variant of each type have a narrowspecificity for a single peptide with a particular amino acid sequence.C) The affinity of peptide binding to MHC molecules is higher, on average, afterchemokine stimulation of a cell.D) An MHC molecule has only one peptide-binding site, which accommodates only asingle peptide at a time.E) Peptide binding to class I MHC molecules involves noncovalent interactions, whereaspeptide binding to class II MHC molecules is covalent.18. Which of the following statements about the human MHC is NOT true?A) It is located on chromosome 6.B) It includes genes encoding cytokines of the innate immune system.C) It includes genes encoding the transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP)and proteasome proteins required for antigen processing.D) It includes genes encoding both chains of class I MHC molecules.E) It is larger than the entire genome of many bacteria.19. MHC genes are the most polymorphic of any in the human genome. Which of the following statements about MHC polymorphism is true? A) HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-C represent three different alleles of the same gene B) Many unrelated people have identical MHC alleles C) Only class I MHC genes are polymorphic; class II MHC genes are not D) Most of the polymorphic residues in any MHC protein are located in the peptide bindinggroove E) MHC polymorphism is a result of somatic recombination of inherited nonpolymorphic MHC gene segmentsChapter 10 Innate Immunity1. The characteristic phenotype of NK cells is A) CD3+CD16+CD56+ B) CD3CD16CD56+ C) CD3CD16+CD56+ D) CD3CD16+CD562. NK cells assess whether other cells are abnormal by detecting types and levels of surface-associated A) MHC I molecules B) nonself molecules C) pathogen-associated molecular patterns D) pattern recognition receptors3. A primary function of NK cells is to: A) induce the cytolysis of unused effector T cells B) induce the cytolysis of unused effector plasma cells C) induce the cytolysis of tumor cells and virus-infected cells D) induce the cytolysis of activated macrophages4. ADCC (antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity) depends on:A) antibody binding to target cells followed by Tc activationB) antibody binding to target cells followed by Fc binding to receptors on NK cellsC) NK cell binding to target cells followed by antibody binding to NK cellsD) activation of the alternative complement pathway via antibodies bound to NK cells5. Inhibitory receptor signaling of NK cells involves on the target cell surface. A) lack of foreign antigen B) host MHC class I molecules C) host CD4 molecules D) lack of host CD4 molecules6. NK cells can lyse abnormal cells through antigen-specific mechanisms that includes: A) binding of Ig on NK cells to antigen on the target cell surface B) binding of Fc receptors on NK cells to antigen-specific Ig coated target cells C) binding of Fc receptors on NK cells to antigen-specific Ig in serum, followed by binding oftumor or virus-infected cells D) binding C3 receptors on NK cells to C3-coated target cells7. Which of the following cells are important in an innate immune response to extracellular bacteria? A) T cells B) B cells C) Neutrophils D) Eosinophils E) Mast cells8. Which of the following cells participate in adaptive immunity? A) eosinophils B) T cells C) B1 cells D) basophils E) T cells9. Which of the following belongs to pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)? A) Toll-like receptor B) Complement receptor C) TCR D) BCR E) FcR10. Which of the following is a “pattern recognition receptor”? A) BCR B) IL-1R C) Fc receptor D) CD4 E) Mannose (甘露糖) receptor11. Macrophages and neutrophils A) must mature in the thymus B) both contribute to innate immune processes C) are both types of lymphocytes D) synthesize and secrete antibodies E) None of the above.12. Pattern recognition receptors bind toA) B and T cells B) host cell-associated moleculesC) MHC I molecules D) NK cellsE) pathogen-associated molecular patterns13. Tissue macrophages are derived from which type of circulating blood cell?A) Polymorphonuclear leukocyte (多形核白细胞) B) Small lymphocyteC) Monocyte D) Basophil E) Lymphoblast14. Macrophages and neutrophils express several enzymes that are involved in biochemicalmechanisms that kill ingested microbes. Which of the following is NOT an enzyme expressedby these cells?A) Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) B) Granzyme (颗粒酶) BC) Phagocyte oxidase D) Myeloperoxidase (髓过氧化物酶)E) Lysozyme15. Which of the following activities are most closely associated with NK cells?A) Production of TNF- B) Lysis of virus-infected cellsC) Phagocytosis of bacteria D) Release of reactive O2 intermediatesE) Production of IL-616. Leukocytes involved in the innate immune response recognize: A) Molecules called antigens that are uniquely specific to a single pathogen B) Molecular patterns shared by a wide variety of pathogens C) Individuals antigens on pathogens D) All intestinal pathogens17. Leukocytes involved in the adaptive imm