山东省青岛市高考英语 完形填空、阅读理解训练题（3）.doc

青岛市2014高考英语完形填空、阅读理解训练题（3）及答案阅读理解awhen jeanne calment entered the world in 1875, telephones and automobiles still lay in the future. albert einstein and pablo picasso were not yet born. the eiffel tower was 14 years from being built. as a teenager, she met vincent van gogh, near her home in arles, in the south of france. he was “very ugly, ungracious (举止粗俗的), impolite, sicki forgive him, they called him loco (精神失常的)”, she recalled. when she died last week at age 122, she was the worlds eldest person. (there are others who claimed to the title, but only calment had the official documents to prove her age.)each february 21, her birthday, she would share the secrets of long life. some years it was “a sense of humour”, others it was “keeping busy”. “god must have forgotten me,” she once explained. the truth probably was that she had good genes: her mother reportedly lived to be 86 and her father 94.her life had its sadness: she outlived her husband, her only daughter and her grandson. according to a friend, she was imperturbable. “if you cant do anything about it,” she reportedly said, “dont worry about it.”in her last years she was nearly blind and deaf, but her health remained good. she ate a few bars of chocolate each week and continued smoking until a few years ago, when she could no longer light her own cigarettes. she never lost her sense of humour. on her 110th birthday, she commented, “ive only ever had one wrinkle, and im sitting on it. “her longevity made her famous; her spirit made her eternal (永恒的).41. why does the author mention albert einstein, pablo picasso and the eiffel tower? a. to show that calment had seen famous people and things. b. to emphasize that calment was born a long time ago. c. to indicate that calment is just as famous. d. to admire the knowledge that calment had.42. the author believed that calments longevity is mainly due to _. a. a sense of humor b. being kept busy c. belief in god d. good genes43. the underlined word “imperturbable” means _. a. calm b. humorous c. friendly d. healthy44. toward the end of the story, the author seems to be impressed by callment s _.a. spirit b. religious belief c. knowledge d. longevity完形填空“so teach him to close the door”, my daughter emma responded after listening to me 1 , again, about the dog coming in from the back door, bringing with him a blast of buffalo january 2 air. teach a dog to close a door behind him? that has got to be a really, really 3 thing to do. but then she took it a step 4 . “come on kolby”, she said, grabbing(抓住) some treats and 5 him in front of the open door. “touch. ” and “touch” he did, which moved the door to a 6 position. she 7 him with a treat, smiled, looked at me, and said “see! ” and i saw and became 8 . over the last few days i have been consistent（一致的） with kolby. each time he comes in i 9 him back to the open door patiently and ask him to close. there have been 10 in the beginning, but lately more and more successes. however, there remains much work to be done. i have to get him follow my hand signal again and again 11 he will close the door from a distance. but, i now realize, as long as you keep to the 12 , the task will be completed, and, with the way things are progressing, 13 quickly. what a 14 treat to have a dog that can close the door after himself ! even more wonder can be found in the 15 i learned so clearly from both emma and kolby. a wish is just a wish until you decide to take 16 . once you 17 the belief that it is “too hard”, then it remains “too hard ” and out of 18 . once you decide to accomplish a goal, and 19 that it is “easy”, then it becomes “easy” to do what needs to be done. just 20 doing it. 1. a. complainb. screamc. worryd. scare2. a. thinb. freshc. dirtyd. cold3. a. lastb. funnyc. hardd. possible4. a. againb. further c. deeperd. backward5. a. pushing b. tying c. seatingd. positioning6. a. stopped b. fixed c. closed d. locked7. a. rewardedb. provided c. offeredd. thanked8. a. persuaded b. convinced c. inspiredd. puzzled9. a. bring b. pullc. dragd. call10. a. pleasuresb. experiments c. failuresd. pauses11. a. in case b. even ifc. as ifd. so that12. a. interestb. focusc. progress d. harmony13. a. determinedb. taught c. boughtd. completed14. a. wonderfulb. smallc. differentd. simple15. a. knowledgeb. skills c. lessonsd. experience16. a. patienceb. partc. delightd. action17. a. hold on tob. pay attention toc. come up withd. get used to18. a. dateb. touchc. reachd. power19. a. proveb. decidec. concluded. realize20. a. imagineb. startc. keepd. enjoy【文章大意】我女儿emma决心在冬季教会小狗进屋后自己关门，最后成功了。这也启示我们，只要我们认定某事能做成，就可以做成功。1.【解析】选a。听到我抱怨（complain）狗从后门进来，带进来一股一股的冷（cold）风时，我女儿emma回应道：“教给它如何关门。”2.【解析】选d。参考上面第1题解析，从语境中：january“一月”可知天气寒冷。3.【解析】选c。教给狗关门？这一定是相当艰难的（hard）事情。4.【解析】选b。但是紧接着她采取了更进一步（further）的措施。5.【解析】选d。女儿说道，“过来，kolby，”顺便抓起一些犒劳物，引导着（positioning）狗走向开着的门的前面。6.【解析】选c。“碰”，再“碰”，这条狗做到了，这个动作能让门向关的（closed）方向移动。女儿就用食物奖励（rewarded）这条狗，微笑着，看着我说，“看！”7.【解析】选a。参考上面第6题解析，可以选出最佳答案。8.【解析】选b。我看到了，并且相信（convinced）。9.【解析】选a。每次狗走进来时，我都耐心地把它带回到（bring）开着的门口，要求它关上门。此处要求选择和back搭配的动词，结合意思可以选出：bring back“带回到”。10.【解析】选c。刚开始时经历了失败（failures），但是最近越来越成功。此处选择的答案和语境中的successes相反。11.【解析】选d。然而，仍然有许多工作要做。为了（so that）能让狗从远处关上门，我必须让它跟随我的手势再三演示。so that在此处引导目的状语从句。12.【解析】选b。但是现在我意识到，只要你能集中注意力（focus），任务就可以完成，并且用这种方法，事情进展得非常顺利，完成（completed）的非常快。13.【解析】选d。参考上面第12题解析可知选择：completed最佳。14.【解析】选a。拥有一条会自己关门的狗是多么美好（wonderful）而难得的乐事！此处treat意思为：难得的乐事。15.【解析】选c。句子译文：我从女儿和狗的事件吸取的教训（lessons）中能发现更多的奇迹。此处lesson意为“教训”。例如：the young man has learned his lesson and wont drive under the influence again. 小伙子已得到了教训，再也不敢酒后开车了。16.【解析】选d。如果你不付诸于行动（take action），愿望只能是愿望。17.【解析】选a。一旦你持有（hold on to）这种信念：事情太难了，它将非常困难，难以实现/完成（reach）。18.【解析】选c。参考上面第17题解析可以选出最佳答案：out of reach“难以实现/达到”。19.【解析】选b。and连接并列结构，根据前面once you decide to accomplish a goal可知答案选decide。本句意为一旦你决心实现目标，认定（decide）实现目标非常容易，那么做需要做的事也就变得比较容易。此时只需着手开始（start）做事即可。20.【解析】选b。参考上面第19题解析可以选出答案。【文章大意】作者在本文中详细介绍了如何在易趣网上利用拍卖系统进行拍买和拍卖。*结束a true apology is more than just acknowledgement (承认) of a mistake. its recognition that something youve said or 1 has damaged a relationshipand that you 2 enough about that relationship to want it 3 .its never 4 to acknowledge you are in the wrong. being human, we all need the art of apology. look back and think how 5 youve judged roughly (草率), said 6 things, pushed yourself 7 at the expense (在使某人受损的情况下) of a friend. some deep thought in us know that when 8 a small mistake has been made, your 9 will stay out of balance until the mistake is acknowledged and your regret is 10 .i remember a doctor friend, 11 me about a man who came to him with 12 illnesses: headache, insomnia (失眠), stomachaches and so on. no physical 13 could be found. finally the doctor said to the man, “ 14 you tell me whats on your conscience (良心), i cant help you.”after a short silence, the man told the doctor that he 15 all the money that his father gave to his brother, who was 16 . his father had died, so only he himself knew the matter. the old doctor made the man write to his brother making an 17 and enclosing (附寄) a 18 . in the post office, the man dropped the letter into the mail box. as the letter disappeared, the man 19 into tears. “thank you, doctor,” he said, “i think im all right now.” and he 20 .1. a. doneb. thoughtc. announcedd. expected2. a. lostb. carec. advised. heard3. a. builtb. formedc. repairedd. damaged4. a. difficultb. easyc. foolishd. shy5. a. longb. oftenc. muchd. soon6. a. unusualb. harmfulc. preciousd. unkind7. a. aheadb. awayc. downd. off8. a. stillb. evenc. onlyd. such9. a. senseb. brainc. weightd. feeling10. a. shownb. explainedc. offeredd. expressed11. a. askingb . tellingc. requiringd. setting12. a. strangeb. seriousc. variousd. much13. a. signsb. reasonc. caused. marks14. a. wheneverb. unlessc. supposed. although15. a. stoleb. acceptedc. seizedd. wasted16. a. madb. lostc. abroadd. dead17. a. orderb. excusec. agreementd. apology18. a. noteb. cardc. checkd. photo19. a. joyedb. burstc. laughedd. cried20. a. shouldb. didc. hadd. was15 abcbb 610 dabdd1115 bccbc1620 cdcbd*结束完形填空-【解决方案与复习指南】完形填空出题的理论依据就是利用人们的视觉暂留和思维的连贯性特点，所以考生应该力图将短文中的空缺补充完整。具体做法如下：首先，通读全文，掌握主旨。正如英国语言学家泰勒所指出的：“完形填空测试题的空格是与文章的上下文有紧密联系的，而不是孤立的、不相关的。”由此可见，要做好“完形填空”，首先必须通读全文，抓住短文不设空的首句和一些关键词，弄懂全文大意。这样才能融会贯通，根据语境的需要选出既合乎语法又合乎语意的最佳答案。通读时，首先要弄清短文的第一句，这往往是一个故事的背景或是一篇文章的中心。其次，要抓住文章的脉络，掌握文章的线索，以便了解作者的思路。文章往往是以一定的时间顺序或以地点变迁为线索的。若以时间为序，要注意动词的时态、语态、人称变化等方面；如果以地点变迁为线索，则应注意在不同地点出现的人物和情节。如：a man who knows how to write a personal letter has a very powerful tool. a letter can be enjoyed, read and _21_. it can set up a warm conversation between two people far apart(远离的)；it can keep a_22_with very little effort.i will give_23_. a few years ago my older brother and i were not getting_24_.we had been close as_25_but had grown apart. our meetings were not_26_；our conversation was filled with arguments and quarrels; and every effort to clear the air seemed to only_27_our misunderstanding. then he _28_a small island in the caribbean and we_29_touch. one day he wrote me a letter. he described his island and its people, told me what he was doing, said how he felt, and encouraged me to_30_. rereading the letter, i was_31_by its humor(幽默)and clever expressions. these were all qualities for which i had_32_respected my older brother but_33_he no longer had them. i had never known he could write so_34_. and with that one letter we became friends_35_.it might never have occurred to_36_to write me if he had not been in a place where there were no_37_.for him, writing was a necessity. it also turned out to be the best way for us to get back in touch. because we live in an age of_38_communication(通信), people often_39_that they dont always have to phone or email. they have a_40_. and that is to write. 21a.received brewritten creturned dreread解析：根据后文第二段后半部分提示(rereading the letter)重读这封信，可知此空应为d项。答案：d22a.record bpromise cfriendship dsecret解析：通读全文及第二段最后一句话and with that one letter we became friends.可知，文章讲述信件与友谊，故答案为c项。答案：c23a.an example ba lesson can experience da talk解析：篇章结构。第一段综述，第二段为实例，此句为两段过渡句。译为：我来举个例子。故答案为a项。答案：a24a.through btogether calong daway解析：根据后两句内容we had been.arguments and quarrels. 可知长大后作者与哥哥“相处不好“，not get along意为相处不好，故答案为c项。答案：c25a.brothers bchildren cfellows dclassmates解析：根据前文(we had been close.)及后文(but had grown apart)得知，前后两句为反义词再现表达，后者为长大后关系疏远，前者必为儿时关系亲密，故答案为b项。答案：b26a.normal bnecessary cpleasant dpossible解析：根据后句内容(arguments and quarrels)得知，两者会面不愉快，故答案为c项。答案：c27a.deepen bstart cexpress dsettle解析：根据后两句内容，哥哥搬走，不再联系，可知误会更深，故答案为a项。答案：a28a.toured bstopped creached dmoved to解析：根据后文内容哥哥在小岛上，可知应是搬去