高一下16单元语言点详解.doc

Unit 16I. Words and expressions:1. experiment n. vi.(!) n. 实验，试验do/ carry out/ perform/ make/ try an experimentlearn by experiment 通过试验学习 by trail and error 通过反复尝试for experiment 供试验an experiment report 实验报告（2）vi. 进行实验experiment on /upon sb./ sth. 在上做实验experiment in sth. 做某方面的实验 experiment with sth. 用做实验2. advantage n. 优势，长处，有利条件e.g. Her teaching experience gave her a big advantage. One of the advantage of this method is that it saves a lot of time. take advantage of 利用；欺骗e.g. You should take advantage of the fine weather to paint the fence. The shopkeeper took advantage of the customers. 3. comfort n. v. n. 舒适，安慰 His kind words gave me comfort. This new type of car brings people more comfort.vt. 安慰 She came up the to child and comforted him.adj. comfortable 舒服的4. successful adj.成功的success n. succeed v. successfully adv. e.g. The experiment is very successful. Wish you success! He succeeded finishing the task. They held the sports meeting successfully.5. conduct v. n.6. charge 7. shock n. v. n. 电击，打击，震动 An electric shock can kill you. It was a great shock for him when his wife died.vt. 使震惊 I was shocked when I heard about your accident. The accident shocked the whole world.8. a great deal of 大量的只能修饰可数名词的：a large/ great/ good number of, a good/ great many, dozens of, scores of, quite a few 只能修饰不可数名词的：a great deal of, a large amount of, quite a little既可修饰可数也可修饰不可数名词的：plenty of, a lot of, lots of, a large quantity of, a good supply of9. prove vt.10. tear vt. v. (tore, torn) (1) 眼泪 Tears rolled down her cheeks. The little girl was in tears for she couldnt find her mother.(2) 撕扯，撕裂 He tore the letter after he read it. The magician tore up a 5-pound note and then made it whole again. The material tears easily, so be careful when you wear it.11. control n. v. 控制The machine is controlled by this button.Try to control yourself no matter what you see. in control of 控制住，管理 out of control 失去控制 under control 被控制住，状态良好 under the control of 受的控制 lose control of 失去对的控制12. fasten vt. 拴，系，绑，捆Have you fastened all the doors and windows?Fasten your seat belts! fasten to 把拴在上 He fastened his bag to the bike. A horse was fastened to a tree.13. sense n. 感觉，意识，常识，意义The five senses are sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch.He has a poor sense of direction.I have no sense of business. there is no sense (in) doing sth. 做某事是没有意义的 There was no sense in making a child suffer like that. I dont think there is much sense in asking him to come here. make sense 讲得通，有意义，能被理解；有道理 No matter how you read it, the sentence doesnt make any sense. It doesnt make any sense to let children play with matches.14. doubt n. v.n. I have some doubt about her honesty. She had her doubts whether Jim could come. I had no doubt that he will succeed. beyond /without a doubt 毫无疑问地；确实地 Ill be back on Friday without a doubt.v. 怀疑，不相信 I doubt the truth of the news. I dont doubt that he will come. I doubt whether he will come. doubt为肯定时，后面的宾语从句用whether引导；doubt有否定词修饰时，后面的 从句用that引导。15. conclusion n. 结论conclude v. 使结束draw / reach a conclusion 得出结论jump to a conclusion 冒然断定， 过早下结论II. Keys points in each part: Warming up1. Give an example of what you learn about for each field of science. give an example of 举出的例子 follow ones example 以为榜样 set sb. an example = set an example to sb. 给树立榜样 for example 例如 e.g. The monitor likes to arrive early at school to set an example to others. Let me give you an example of Eskimos life. I have many hobbies- fishing, for example. Speaking 2. Well, in my opinion, its a waste of money. Its a waste of money/ time to do sth. 做某事是浪费钱/时间 e.g. Its a waste of time to argue further. 当waste做“废料、废弃物”讲时，是U n. e.g. With the growth of population, more and more waste is produced every day. There is some dogs waste in your garden. waste vt. 浪费 waste time/ money on sth. 在方面浪费时间/钱 waste time/ money in doing sth. 浪费时间/钱做某事 e.g. He wasted a log of money on horse racing. You shouldnt waste time playing computer games.3. We should make more use of this new technology. make good/ full/ little use of 好好/充分/不充分利用 e.g. We must make full use of our spare time to study. Waste materials must be made full use of. Reading4. Having realized that I could use a kite to attract lightning, I decided to do an experiment.having done 是现在分词的完成式，在句子中做时间状语或原因状语，表示动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。此句相当与After I had realized that I could use a kite to attract lightning, I decided to do an experiment.e.g. Having finished the work, they went home happily. Having had a lot of food, he didnt want to eat anything. Having lived in this city for many years, he knows it very well.5. I was beginning to think that the experiment would not work.work vi. 奏效，起作用The medicine worked.Your idea wont work in practice.The clock hasnt been working since I dropped it on the floor.6. The string was getting charged!get + 过去分词（done）有些动词的过去分词和get连用，多表示某件事意想不到地、突然地、或偶然地发生。They got trapped in the heavy snow on the way home.The group of people got lost in the forest.If you go after dark, you must be careful not to get attacked and robbed.7. Tie the corners of the handkerchief to the points of the cross, and you will have a nice strong kite.(1) “祈使句+and/ or + 陈述句”中，祈使句表示条件，陈述句表示结果。 Learn to respect others and you will also win others respect. Think the question over, or/ otherwise you cant work it out.(2) tie to 把拴在上 He tied his horse to the tree and had a rest.8. Add a tail to the frame and tie a long string to the cross so you can control the kite.add to把加到中add to 增加add up 总计，加起来add up to 总计是Add up these figures, please.The music added to our enjoyment.The bad weather added to their difficulties.These figures add up to 365.9. This ribbon, which must not get wet, will protect you from the tect A from/against B 保护A免受B的伤害阻止做的短语有：stop(from) doingprevent (from) doing keep from doing (from不能省略)e.g. Put on more clothes to prevent yourself from the cold. I must do something to stop/ prevent the ceiling falling down. Nothing can stop/ prevent/ keep us from doing it once we have decided to do so. Integrating skills10. British law says that every new drug must be tested on at least two different kinds of animals, such as mice or dogs.test sb. on sth. 测试某人某方面的能力The teacher tested the whole class on the Attributive Clause.11. Choose one or two arguments from the reading that go against your view.go against sb. 对某人不利，反对go against sth. 违背The war is going against the people in the two countries.Dont go against your parents wishes.Unit 16 Useful expressions:1. pros and cons 2. give an example of3. in ones opinion4. a waste of money5. much too expensive6. in the future7. make a noise8. make use of9. conduct/ do an experiment10. a number of11. just then12. get charged13. close to14. be made of15. tieto16. the next three steps17. fastento18. protect from19. conduct electricity20. around the world21. be tested on 22. theres no doubt that23. have no right to do sth.24. make clear25. in ones own words26. be made up of27. be of great help28. take on the American nationality29. leave A for B30. take an/ no interest inSentences:1. Have realized that I