高考英语阅读理解限时训练精品题（11）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解限时训练精品题（11）及答案passage seventeen (a strong stock market) the increase in the margin rate from 50% to 70% was not an attempt to stem any rampant speculation on the part of the publicactually the market seemed technically quite strong, with public participation essentially dignifiedbut rather an attempt by the federal reserve board to preserve the sound underpinnings that existed in the market. naturally, such a move had a momentarily chilling effect upon prices but if the frb had been preoccupied with undue speculation, the increase might have been to the 80% or even 90% level. such an increases in the margin rate is a confirmation of a strong stock market and since 19,such increases have resulted in interim market highs over twelve months later. obviously, there could be no guarantee that this would once again be the case, but if history is any guidelineand if business and corporate earnings were to continue on the same coursecontinued optimism over the outlook for the stock market would seem more prudent than pessimism. the margin increase underscored the good rise that stocks had enjoyed for the previous yearand the fact that a 50% rate was maintained as long as it was pointed up the fact that the rise was mainly conservative in that it was concentrated in the blue chips for the most part. in past investment letters we have voiced the thought that speciality stocks could outperform the general market from this point. we continue to believe that this could be the case. for example, steel stocks tend to sell at certain fixed price/earnings ratios. below a certain ratio they are considered good valueabove a certain ratio, overpriced. if a company produces a unique product it is far more difficult for market analysis to place a numerical ratio upon the companys earnings. we have also contended in the past letters that the stock market reflects mass psychology as well as the business outlook. when investorsboth the public and the institutionsare nervous and pessimistic they definitely hesitate to buy stocks: they seek low price/earnings multiples and high yields. these same investorswhen they are in an optimistic frame of mindbecome for less preoccupied with yields and more wiling to pay a premium(high p/e multiples) for accelerated growth. if the publics attitude towards the auto industry is any measure, then this period seems to have been one of optimism.1. the title that best expresses the ideas of this passage is a. a time to sell stock. . a strong stock marketc. raising the margin rate c. price/earnings ratio in steel2. when investors are pessimistic what do they do?a. they look to the frb for help. . they buy steelc. they buy automobile stocks. d. they look for high yields.3. why does the writer believe that speciality stocks could outperform the general market?a. because analysis have difficulty in deciding upon a fixed price/earnings ratio. because the activity had been limited to blue chips.c. because the rise was conservative.d. because of the frb action.4. when investors are optimistic, what do they do?a. they look for accelerated growth. . they buy speciality stocks.c. they look for high yields. c. they are more prudent.vocabulary1. margin rate 保证金率，边际比率2. rampant 无约束力，猖獗的，蔓延的3. stem 遏制4. stem from 滋长，源自5. underpin 加强基础，支持6. underpinning 支持物，基础（建筑物下的）7. preoccupy 先占，使专心于，吸引住8. undue 过分的，非法的，不适当的9. interim 间歇；暂时的，间歇的10. guideline 方针，指导路线11. underscore 在下面划线，强调12. point up 加强，强调13. bluechip 兰筹股票14. blue-chip 兰筹的15. outperform 在使用上胜过16. overprice 将标价过高17. numerical ratio 数率，数字比率18. earnings 收益，利润，收入19. contend 竞争，坚决主张，争论20. premium 佣金，酬金难句译注1. the increase in the margin rate from 50% to 70% was not an attempt to stem any rampant speculation on the part of the publicactually the market seemed technically quite strong, with public participation essentially dignifiedbut rather an attempt by the federal reserve board to preserve the sound underpinnings that existed in the market.结构简析 是notbut句型，两个破折号中间是插入成分；中插入一个带with+n+participle 短语参考译文 保证金率从50%增长到70%，并不是想要遏制群众方面猖獗的投机，而是联邦储备委员会想要保持现存于股市强劲基础事实上股市由于群众非常庄严的参与在技术上看起来相当强劲。2. obviously, there could be no guarantee that this would once again be the case, but if history is any guidelineand if business and corporate earnings were to continue on the same coursecontinued optimism over the outlook for the stock market would seem more prudent than pessimism.结构简析 复合句。中间有插入语if clause, 进一步说明条件。参考译文 显然，不可能保证这种情况再次出现（情况再是这样）。可是，如果历史具有指导方针的话如果商业和公司的利润仍然保持在同样轨道上那么对股市前景乐观似乎要比悲观更精确些。3. the margin increase underscored the good rise that stocks had enjoyed for the previous yearand the fact that a 50% rate was maintained as long as it was pointed up the fact that the rise was mainly conservative in that it was concentrated in the blue chips for the most part.结构简析 这句句子内有四个that clause：第一个that是good rise的定语从句。第二个和第三个that都是the fact that句型。但第二个the fact that中，as long as it was, 指头一年，pointed up是谓语。第四个是in that连词，义：因为。写作方法与文章大意 文章论述“强劲证券市场”的种种情况。首先是联邦储备委员会为保持强股市基础要求保证金率增长。这种增长过去，现在，将来都能巩固强市。其次由于绝大部分集中在兰筹股上，使股市看好上升趋于保守，引出行业股比普通股吃香。最后是投资者心情和股市强弱有关。答案祥解1. b. 强劲证券市场（强市）。见难句译注1和第一段第三句：“那种保证金率的增长有力的巩固了强劲证券市场。从19年起，这种增长导致一年来股市屡创新高。a. 买出股票的时候。 c. 提高保证金率。 d. 钢的市盈率。这三项都不对，它们只是文中涉及的方面。2. d. 他寻找高业绩（即公司的产量或投资收益）。见文章倒数第三句：“当投资者公众和团体机构紧张而又悲观时，他们肯定在买进股票上举棋不定；他们寻求低价格/利润倍数和高额利润。a. 他们寻求联邦储备委员会的帮助。 b. 他们买进钢材。 c. 他们买进汽车股票。3. a. 因为在决定定价/利润比上难以分析。见第二段第二句：“在过去的投资保证上我们一直表达了这样的思想：行业股票在使用上可能超过普通股。我们依然相信情况可能就是这样。举例说：钢股往往在一定价格/利润比上抛出。低于一定比率，可认为股是好价值，而高于一定比率就是超价。如果一个公司就生产独一无二的产品，那市场分析就很难对公司所得定出数比。“b. 因为股市活动受兰筹股所限。 c. 因为行情上升保守。这两项见难句译注3。 d. 由于联邦储备基金会的行动。4. a. 他们寻求加速的增长。见文章倒数第二句：“同样是这些股民，当投资者（对股市前景）持乐观态度时，他们不太关注（公司的）业绩（产值）而愿意以高价来购买具有高成长性的股票。”阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a.b.c和d项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ai was in a charity shop looking at the second hand books. it just so happened that the book shelves were next to the toy section. after a few minutes i became aware of a group of women standing behind me. they were poorly dressed and spoke in what sounded like an eastern european language. as they looked through the clothes rails a little girl, about three years old, came over to the toy section. immediately her attention was caught by a toy pram（婴儿车）. what is it about little girls and toy prams? i dont know, but whatever it is its incredibly cute!she spoke to her mother and, in halting english her mother asked the shop assistant how much it cost. three pounds was the answer-about five dollars. the mum looked down at her child, perhaps calculating what she still had to buy and how much money she would have left. then she simply shook her head. the child didnt react badly as some might. being told “no” was obviously not a new experience for her. but she couldnt keep the disappointment from her face. i had the grand total of four pounds in my pocket, two two-pound coins. a moment later i tapped the mother on the shoulder, pointed to the coins which i had left in the pram and said, buy her a dolly too. i didnt hang about to see the end result. after all, its not about being thanked. i made my way out of the shop and into the sunshine. the money was an investment in the happiness of the world. was there any better way, i wondered, to get so much happiness for so little money than to buy a little girl a toy pram? and a dolly to sit in it!1. what did the little girl say to her mother according to the second paragraph?a. she asked her mother to calculate her money.b. she asked her mother to buy the toy pram for her.c. she asked her mother to borrow money from the author.d. she asked her mother to ask the shop assistant the price of the toy pram.2. the mother shook her head because _.a. she thought the toy wasnt worth the money.b. she found it difficult to calculate her money.c. she found she didnt take enough money with her.d. she thought the toy was not suitable for her daughter.3. it can be inferred from the third paragraph that _ .a. the girl usually behaved badly.b. the mother usually treated her daughter badly.c. the mother was not rich enough to meet her daughters need often.d. the little girl was often refused because she asked for too many toys.4. what would the girl probably get finally?a. both a toy pram and a dollyb. either a toy pram or a dollyc. two two-pound coins.d. nothing5. what words can be used to describe the author?a. optimistic and energetic.b. pleasant and gratefulc. wealthy and healthy.d. sympathetic and helpful【参考答案】15、bccad 阅读理解-bgrowing up, i remember my father as a silent, serious mannot the sort of person around whom one could laugh. as a teenager arriving in america, knowing nothing, i wanted a father who could explain the human journey. in college, when friends called home for advice, i would sink into deep depression for what i did not have.today, at twenty-seven, i have come to rediscover them in ways that my teenage mind would not allowas adults and as friends with their own faults and weaknesses.one night after my move back home, i overheard my father on the telephone. there was some trouble. later, dad shared the problem with me. apparently my legal training had earned me some privileges in his eyes. i talked through the problem with dad, analyzing the purposes of the people involved and offering several negotiation strategies(策略).he listened patiently before finally admitting, “i cant think like that. i am a simple man.”dad is a brilliant scientist who can deconstruct the building blocks of nature. yet human nature is a mystery to him. that night i realized that he was simply not skilled at dealing with people, much less the trouble of a conflicted teenager. its not in his nature to understand human desires.and so, there it wasit was no ones fault that my father held no interest in human lives while i placed great importance in them. we are at times born more sensitive, wide-eyed, and dreamy than our parents and become more curious and idealistic than them. dad perhaps never expected me for a child. and i, who knew dad as an intelligent man, had never understood that his intelligence did not cover all of my feelings.it has saved me years of questioning and confusion. i now see my parents as people who have other relationships than just father and mother. i now overlook their many faults and weaknesses, which once annoyed me.i now know my parents as friends: people who ask me for advice; people who need my support and understa