高考英语二轮复习 第二部分 基础语法巧学巧练 专题十三 构词法（词类转换）课件.ppt

专题十三构词法 词类转换 怎么考词语的派生是语法填空题的必考点之一 考查考生在理解上下语境的基础上 由所给词派生出其他词来 通常涉及形容词与副词之间的转换 动词 或名词 加后缀变成形容词的转换 动词加后缀变成名词的转换 形容词加后缀变成名词的转换 动词加后缀变成 人 的名词转换 加否定或相反意义的前缀和后缀的转换等 怎么学在平时的学习中 注意积累常用后缀及前缀的用法 同时积累常用词的转化 怎么解首先要分析句子结构 看空格处要填的词在句子中充当什么成分 然后回顾思考充当这一成分需要哪类词 再看括号中所给词是什么词类 应如何将其转换成所需词类 体验考向单句语法填空1 2015 全国卷 abercrombie kent atravelcompanyinhongkong saysit regular arrangesquickgetawayshereforpeoplelivinginshanghaiandhongkong 2 2015 全国卷 inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheir able to aircondition ahousewithoutusingelectricequipment 3 2014 全国卷 thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop andsomeofthemlookedveryanxiousand disappoint 4 2014 广东卷 shewas surprise helpful 5 2014 全国卷 everyoneonthebusbegantalkingaboutwhattheboyhaddone andthecrowdofstrangers sudden becamefriendlytooneanother 答案1 regularly 定期为人们安排到这儿的旅行 此处应该使用副词regularly作状语修饰动词arrange 2 ability 考查词性 空前面是形容词性物主代词their 其后面需要用名词 3 disappointed disappointed和前面的anxious并列 形容等车人的心情 4 surprisingly 考查副词 修饰形容词helpful 用副词 5 suddenly 此处需要副词修饰动词became 考点集训集训 用所给词的适当形式填空1 2014 福建卷 iwasabouttogiveupwhenmyfathercameand encouragement metokeepgoing 2 2013 广东卷 thatwouldbeavery reason thingtodoinabigcity butitcoulddestroyasmallvillagelikeours nicksaid 3 2013 广东卷 butsuchasmallthingcouldn t possible destroyavillage 4 2013 福建卷 parents arrangement everythingfortheirchildrenandsparenoefforttopavethewayfortheirsuccess 5 2012 广东卷 maryfelt please becausethereweremanyemptyseatsintheroom 6 ihaven tseensarasinceshewasalittlegirl andshehaschangedbeyond recognize 7 thebossshowedhis appreciate oftom shardworkinthecompanybyraisinghispayto 5 000amonth 8 youcan large yourvocabularyifyoukeeponmemorizingsomenewwordseveryday 答案1 encouraged2 reasonable3 possibly4 arrange5 pleased6 recognition7 appreciation8 enlarge 集训 根据所给提示词 完成下列短文 然后朗读或背诵 在语境中体会构词法 fromthe 1 express onmary sface heknewheleftabad 2 impress onherandifshewonthe 3 elect tobecomechairmanoftheenvironment 4 organize hecouldnotgether 5 permit tojoinitalthoughhewaswillingtodohisbittoridtheworldof 6 pollute andtohelppeopleenjoyabetterearth whenhewaswonderinghowtochangethisembarrassingsituation hegot 7 inspire fromhiswife s words yes heshouldtryhisbesttowintheelectionandbecomechairmanhimselfwithhis 8 determine toworkfortheorganization mydear youarereallyawonderful 9 help i msureiwillbethe 10 win oftheelection hesaidtohiswifeexcitedly 答案1 expression2 impression3 election4 organization5 permission6 pollution7 inspiration8 determination9 helper10 winner 知识胸有成竹 一 常考前缀1 表示否定或相反意义的前缀dis mis un il im in ir non anti disagree misunderstand unwilling illegal impossible nonstop2 形容词变动词的前缀en able enable large enlarge rich enrich3 其他inter 相互 over 超过 re 重新 ex 以前的 super 超 vice 副 interaction overweight reuse ex husband supernatural vice chairman 二 常考后缀1 形容词 ly变成副词 real really angry angrily possible possibly 2 动词或名词变成形容词的后缀 able ful ous y al ible ive ary nature natural use useful continue continuous health healthy 3 动词变名词的后缀 al ance ence tion ssion ment ture y arrive arrival appear appearance exist existence invite invitation 4 形容词变名词的后缀 cy dom ence th age ty ity fluent fluence wise wisdom silent silence grow growth safe safety 5 表示人的后缀 er or ist ee ess ese an ian ant teacher inventor artist employee chinese american musician servant 6 表示否定的后缀 less hopeless endless fearless careless treeless meaningless 7 形容词变动词的后缀 en fy broad broaden class classify 8 名词变动词的后缀 ize apology apologize 三 转化法1 名词 动词 backn 背 vt 支持 seatn 座 容纳2 动词 名词 walk takeawalk survey makeasurvey3 形容词 动词 slowadj 慢的 v 减慢四 合成法1 名词 名词 名词 classroom teamwork newspaper2 形容词 名词 名词 blackboard highway 3 副词 名词 名词 overcoat underground outbreak4 副词 动词 动词 update overlook5 名词 动词 动词 sun bathe proof read6 名词 分词 形容词 man made hand made peace keeping7 形容词 分词 形容词 good looking 集训 奔向高考阅读下面材料 在空白处填入适当的内容 1个单词 或括号内单词的正确形式 whenyoudecideyou regoingtolivealone yougetupset thisis 1 nature butthere snoneedtoget 2 worry belowaresomeideas 3 canhelpyouout savingmoneyis 4 youneedtostartseveralmonthsbeforeyoumoveout youneedtosaveenoughmoney 5 help yousurviveforatleastamonthinthenewplace the 6 easy ofallwaysistospendless searchforaplacetoliveinbefore 7 move out makesurethattheplaceyouchooseisinagoodlocation besides youcanafford 8 ifyou regoingtostayinanexpensivecity findaroommatesothatyoucansharetheexpenses andifyouhavetolive 9 yourownforalongtime you llhavetolookforapart timejob ifyou re 10 student youcanworkinrestaurants theaters etc anddon tspendalotofmoneyinawastefulway tryandsaveeverypennyofwhatyouearn 答案1 natural 考查形容词 句意 当你决定单独生活时 你变得沮丧 这是自然的 分析句子成分可知 空处作表语 故此处需要用nature的形容词形式 2 worried 考查形容词 getworried 担心 担忧 3 that 考查定语从句 句意 下面是一些帮助你摆脱困境的方法 因为先行词前有不定代词some修饰 所以此处用that引导限制性定语从句 在从句中作主语代替先行词ideas 4 what 考查表语从句 句意 在你搬出去的几个月之前 你就需要开始存钱 what引导表语从句 并在从句中作宾语 5 tohelp