江苏省连云港市赣榆县海头高级中学高考英语复习 语法单选.doc

2015年高考最后一讲语法和单项选择第一节 动词的时态s +v+ o1+(o2 / o)| | | | |主语+ 谓语 +宾语+ (直接宾语)/补语 (1) do, did, will dov= (2) be doing, will be doing (3) have done, had been done, have been doing, will have done一、什么时候用一般现在时? (近11年未考)i forgot to check post box, but i normally check it in the morning. wal-mart opens the whole day. 特殊：从句中用do代替will dowhen you arrive in london, please send my wishes to mary.二、什么时候用一般过去时?(近11年考了3题)1）过去特定时间的动作。常与last night, in 1980, a year ago等时间状语连用2）过去某一段时间重复发生并结束的动作或过去存在的状态。-where have you been?-i stayed in london for years, and now（对比）i didnt know you live here.i dont know you live here.1.【2004江苏】sales of cds have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people _ to enjoy the advantages of this new technology.a. begin b. began c. have begun d. had begun3.【2012江苏】the president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he _.a. has started b. starts c. started d. will start三、什么时候用将来时？(近9年考了1题)will do/be going to/be to do（规律，命令）/be about to(不加时间状语)was going to本打算【2009江苏】- ann is in hospital.- oh, really? i _ know. i _ go and visit her. a. didnt; am going to b. dont; wouldc. dont; will d. didnt; will四、什么时候用进行时？(近9年考了4题)（1） 过去、现在、将来的点时间或某一个其它动作发生的时间i will be flying over atlantic at this time tomorrow. （=when you visit tom tomorrow）（2） 某一段时间的动作（过去、现在、将来）i am writing a novel these days.i will be climbing the mountain next week.（3）某个事情正在发生(was doing)，作为背景，就在此时发生了另外一件事（did）i didnt notice her. i was watching tv just now.i was watching tv when he knocked at door.1.【2006江苏】 i dont suppose the police know who did it. well, surprisingly they do. a man has been arrested and_now.a. has been questioned b. is being questionedc. is questioningd. has questioned2.【2009江苏】 hi, terry, can i use your computer for a while this afternoon? sorry. _.a. it s repaired b. it has been repairedc. its being repairedd. it had been repaired3. 【2011江苏】 i hear you _ in a pub. whats it like?well, its very hard work and im always tired, but i dont mind.a. are workingb. will work c. were working d. will be working4.【2014江苏】could i use your car tomorrow morning?sure. i _ a report at home.a. will be writingb. will have writtenc. have writtend. have been writing25. a。本题考查动词时态。解题关键：对话双方谈论同一话题，自然时间一致，时态也相互关联。本题中关键时间状语为tomorrow morning，所以回答时用将来进行时，表示“明天上午我将在家写报告”，用将来进行时。所以选a。【句意】明天上午我可以用你的汽车吗？ 当然可以。那时候，我将在家写报告呢。五、什么时候用完成时？(近9年考了11题)现在完成时：（1） 延续：since sb. did/1990 so far/up to now/until now it is 90 years since our school was founded.（2） 过去的某件事对现在的影响：(短暂性动词)tom has broken his leg.tom broke his leg.（3） 重复性：次数/ever/neveri have read the book for three times.将来完成时：by到为止by the end of this/last term, i will have finished/had finished the book.过去完成时：必须在句子里找到一个过去时间或动作did完成进行时：have been doing(1) 持续性(2) 中断性(3) 重复性（动作可以是短暂性）i have been getting up at 6 since i entered high school.1.【2004江苏】more patients _ in hospital this year than last year. a. treated b. have treated c. had been treated d. have been treated2.【2006江苏】although medical science_control over several dangerous diseases, what worries us is that some of them are returning.a. achievedb. has achievedc. will achieved. had achieved3.【2008江苏】im sure andrew will win the first prize in the final.i think so. he _ for it for months.a. is preparingb. was preparingc. had been preparingd. has been preparing4.【2007江苏】at the end of the meeting, it was announced that an agreement_.a. has been reachedb. had been reachedc. has reachedd. had reached5.【2007江苏】_ you_ him around the museum yet?yes. we had a great time there.a. have; shownb. do; showc. had; shownd. did; show6.【2010江苏】why, jack, you look so tired! well, i _the house and i must finish the work tomorrow. a. was painting b. will be painting c. have painted d. have been painting7. 【2010江苏】peter, where did you guys go for the summer vacation?we_ busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves. a. were b. have been c. had been d. will be8.【2011江苏】tommy is planning to buy a car.i know. by next month, he_ enough for a used one. a. saves b. savedc. will save d. will have saved9.【2009江苏】the population of jiangsu _ to more than twice what it was in 1949. the figure is now approaching 74 million.a. has grown b. have grownc. grew d. are growing10.【2012江苏】the manager is said to have arrived back from paris where he _ some european business partners.a. would meet. b. is meeting c. meets d. had met11.【2014江苏】how much do you know about the youth olympic games to be held in nanjing? well, the media _ it in a variety of forms. a. cover b. will cover c. have covered d. covered 11.【2013江苏】 what about your self-drive trip yesterday?tiring! the road is being widened, and we _ a rough ride.a. hadb. havec. would haved. have had34. a。本题考查动词时态。a是一般过去时；b是一般现在时；c是过去将来时；d是现在完成时。本题关键时间点就是yesterday，所以讲昨天的事情，故用一般过去时，选a。【拓展】时态题关键是找准句子的时间的基点，例如本题就是抓住yesterday。【句意】昨天的自驾游如何？ 太累人了！道路正在拓宽，开起来真不容易！第二节 情态动词1.能力：can (近9年考了1题)2.推测: might/may/can/could-should-must用might: not sure/not know用should: 估计应该（上下文语境）用must: 一定（反义词：cant）许可：may，can, must3.义务、责任、命令、许诺：(近9年考了1题)should义务must必须+do-mustntshall: you shall have a bike if you/警告 you shall be punished if/征求意见4.习惯(总是)：will he will get up at 6 every day. accidents will happen.5.意愿：will (近9年考了1题)6.语气：must(偏偏), should（竟然）(近9年考了1题)should have done7.对过去进行推测或者虚拟：+have done (近9年考了6题)may/might/can/could have donemust have done-cant have done虚拟：should have done，neednt have donecould have done， might have done1.【2012江苏】happy birthday!thank you! its the best present i _ for.a. should have wished b. must have wished.c. may have wishedd. could have wished2.【2012江苏】days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but_ say where he was.a. mustntb. shouldntc. wouldntd. mightnt3.【2011江苏】 i left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official. how unbelievable to get it back! i mean, someone _ it.a. will have stolen b. might have stolen c. should have stolen d. must have stolen4.【2010江苏】i havent got the reference book yet, but ill have a test on the subject next month.dont worry. you_ have it by friday.a. could b. shall c. must d. may 5.【2009江苏】he did not regret saying what he did but felt that he _ it differently.a. could express b. would expressc. could have expressed d. must have expressed6.【2008江苏】im sorry. i _ at you the other day.forget it. i was a bit out of control myself.a. shouldnt shoutb. shouldnt have shoutedc. mustnt shoutd. mustnt have shouted7.【2007江苏】she looks very happy. she _ have passed the exam.i guess so. its not difficult after all.a. shouldb. could c. mustd. might8.【2006江苏】 i think ill give bob a ring.you _. you havent been in touch with him for ages.a. will b. may c. have tod. should9.【2005江苏】the woman biologist stayed in africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.oh, dear! she_ a lot of difficulties!a. may go throughb. might go throughc. ought to have gone throughd. must have gone through10. 【2014江苏】it was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, _ bring me food. a. might b. would c. should d. could 第三节 虚拟语气part iif sb., s v oif you had worked harder, you would have succeeded.（过去完成，过去将来完成）had you workedif i stayed in us now, i would visit.if i went/should go/were to go to us tomorrow, i would visit(did, would do)should i go to,were i to go to,part ii虚实buti would have achieved the first prize, but i didnt.iwould have doneotherwise.part iii表示愿望：would rather(had done, did) (近9年考了1题)if only(had done, did/would do)wish(had done, did/would do)as ifpart iv和名从结合it be + 某些特定形容词/名词/过去分词 +that +sb. (should) do sth.常见形容词: 奇怪,自然,重要,必要：strange, natural, important, necessary, urgent(近9年考了1题)凡是以下名词后的句子：advice，decision, desire, demand, suggestion, wish, preference, proposal, recommendation, requirement, order 1.【2010江苏】george is going to talk about the geography of his country, but id rather he_ more on its culture.a. focus b. focused c. would focus d. had focused2.【2005江苏】dont you think it necessary that he _ to miami but to new york?i agree, but the problem is _ he has refused to.a. will not be sent; that b. not be sent; thatc. should not be sent; what d. should not send; what3.【2013江苏】i should not have laughed if i _ you were serious.a. thought b. would thinkc. had thoughtd. have thought30. c。本题考查非真实条件句的虚拟语气。根据主句中should not have laughed可知，本句所讲与过去事实相反。if引导非真实条件句表示与过去事实相反时，从句结构为had done.。所以选a。【句意】如果我当时想到你是认真的，我就不会笑了。第四节 非谓语动词基础版句子 ( v2 ), s, ( v2 ) v o , ( v2 )v2= to do(为了), doing(主动), done（被动） walking in the garden, i found a book written in 1992 on the ground.非谓语动词两个用途：修饰某个名词，说明句子主语的行为方式或说明主句的因果、条件等。注意：有些题目并非考充当状语、定语或补语的非谓语动词，而是考查充当主语或宾语的动名词或不定式。（近9年考了2题）进阶版一、 不定式的用法（除目的功能外）：（目的：近9年考了5题；时态：1题；其它没有涉及）1. only to do意外的结果i came home gladly, only to find my house broken into. only finding my dinner ready.2. 形容词 + to dohe is easy to deal with.the novel is hard to read.3. his ability to swim4. 不定式的完成时和进行时be reported to have donehappen to have met him二、分词的用法：（作状语近9年考了6题；作定语近9年考了1题)第一步，找主干，主谓宾，要分清(s? o?)第二步，主被动，主动ing, 被动加ed (首先排除to do)第三步，看先后，主动先完成having done特别注意：（1）修饰名词：n( )to do将要（被）做的 to be donedoing正在，主动 being done正在被做done已完成，被动 不能用having been donethe man to finish the work要完成这个工作的人the man talking to him和他交谈的那个人the problem to be discussed要讨论的问题the problem being discussed正在讨论的问题the problem discussed讨论了的问题（2）公式：一件事，结果s v o, doingi study very hard, achieving my success at last.三、作宾补的常见考法：（近9年考了3题）have(使): he has his workers _working_ all the day. (work) he has his bike _repaired_ by tom. (repair) he has his son _buy_ a book for him.(buy)get（使）：he gets his workers _working_ all the day. (work) he gets his bike _repaired_ by tom. (repair) he gets his son _to buy_ a book for him.(buy)keep (一直使)：he keeps his workers _working_ all the day. (work) he keeps his bike _repaired_ by tom. (repair) keep me informed of your news.with(有，随着)：with the time going by, i knew a lot about him. he came in with his hands tied back.see/hear/notice/feel: i saw him cross the street. (动作的完成)i saw him crossing the street.（正在做）i saw him punished by his teacher. （被动）被动结构he is seen to cross the street.he is seen crossing the street.he is seen punished.1.【2012江苏】_ an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.a. based b. basingc. based. to base2.【2004江苏】the old man, _ abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland.a. to work b. workingc. to have worked d. having worked3.【2010江苏】the retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in yushu , _ the students to return to their classrooms. a. enabling b. having enabled c. to enable d. to have enabled4.【2006江苏】whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always _the same thing. a. saying b. said c. to say d. having said5.【2005江苏】_ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police a. having lost b. lostc. being lost d. losing6【2011江苏】recently a survey _ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.a. compared b. comparingc. compares d. being compared7.【2009江苏】schools across china are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, _ reduce unemployment pressures. a. help b. to have helped c. to help d. having helped8.【2009江苏】distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school, _ the ceremony of the 50th anniversary this morning are our alumni (校友) from home and abroad.a. attend b. to attend c. attending d. having attended9.【2008江苏】to learn english well, we should find opportunities to hear english _ as much as we can.a. speak b. speaking c. spoken d. to speak10.【2007江苏】my parents have always made me _ about myself, even when i was twelve. a. feeling well b. feeling good c. feel well d. feel good11.【2007江苏】he is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them _ in his lectures. a. interested b. interesting c. interest d. to interest12.【2006江苏】- there is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man. - my goodness! i cant imagine _ that old. a. to be b. to have been c. being d. having been13.【2005江苏】-is bob still performing?-im afraid not. he is said_ the stage already as he has become an officiala. to have left b. to leavec. to have been left d. to be left14.【2013江苏】lionel messi, _ the record for the most goals in a calendar year, is considered the most talented football player in europe.a. setb. settingc. to setd. having set24. d。考查非谓语动词用法。解题关键：判断非谓语动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构得知，lionel messi is considered the most talented football player in europe为主句， _ the record for the most goals in a calendar year在句中作状语，set与逻辑主语lionel messi构成主动关系，故先排除a；再根据句意，“创立记录在先，被认为是最有才华球员在后”，故用having set。所以选d。15.【2014江苏】the lecture had been given, a lively question-and-answer session followed. a. being given b. having given c. to be given d. having been given = dones1v1o1, s2v2o2第五节 代词（近9年考了5题）考点一：指示代词的用法1. such, so的用法1）such指如前所述的这样的人或物。如：such is albert einstein, a simple man with great achievements.这就是阿尔伯特.爱因斯坦，一个简朴而又成绩卓著的人。2）so作指示代词时，代替一个句子或短语所表达的事情，一般用在believe，think，expect，suppose，imagine，guess，hope后。2. one, ones, the one, the ones的区别one用来代替前面出现的单数名词，表泛指概念；ones用来代替前面出现的复数名词，也表示泛指概念；the one用来代替前面特指的单数名词；the ones用来代替前面特指的复数名词。如：mr zhang gave me a very valuable present, one (=a present)that i had never seen.张先生给了我一件非常有价值的礼物一件我从来没有见过的礼物。the book on the desk is better than that/the one under the desk.书桌上面的这本书比书桌下面的那本好。考点二：不定代词all，both，either，neither，none，nothing的用法比较不定代词 用法 all 表示“(三者或三者以上)都”，指人或所有的物，看作复数；指抽象的概念，作“一切”讲，看作单数。 both 表示“(两者)都”。 either 表示“(两者中)任何一者”。 neither 表示“(两者)都不”。 none 表示“(三者或三者以上)都不”。 none = not any, not one 一点也没有；一个也没有，即数量概念。既可指人，也可指物，代指上文提到的事物，含特指概念。nothingnothing = not anything, 意为没有任何东西;什么也没有，强调内容，只能指物，泛指。it，one，that的区别代词 用法 it 意为“它”，特指前面提到过的同一人或者物。 that 意为“那个”，指代那类人或事物，既可以指代前面出现过的不可数名词，也可以指代单数可数名词，指代单数可数名词相当于the one。 one 意为“一个”，指代前面出现过的那类事物中的“一个”。 考点三：数词一、倍数如何表达表达倍数时，一倍用once，两倍用twice/double，三倍以上用“基数词+times”。数词表达倍数常见于下列四种句式中：倍数+asasour playground is three times as big as theirs.我们的操场是他们的三倍大。倍数+the size/weight/height/depth/width/age/length ofthe greens house is almost twice the size of their neighbours.格林家的房子几乎是他们邻居的两倍大。倍数+比较级+than mr. yang is twice older than us.杨先生的年龄比我们大一倍。倍数+what从句the size of our town is twice what it was five years ago.我们镇子的面积是五年前的两倍。1.【2012江苏】sophia waited for a reply, but _ came.a. either b. another c. neither d. none2. 【2009江苏】nine in ten parents said there were significant differences in their approach to educating their children compared with _ of their parents.a. those b. one c. both d. that3.【2006江苏】my most famous relative of all, _ who really left his mark on america, was reb sussel, my great-grandfather. a. one b. the one c. he d. someone4.【2005江苏】im moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than_ in the city.a. ones b. one c. that d. those 5.【2014江苏】good families are much to all their members, but _ to none. a. something b. anything c. everything d. nothing 第五节 复合句一、 名词性从句（that引导的主语从句：近9年考了1题）（表语从句：近9年考了2题）（what引导的宾语从句近9年考了3题）（同位语从句近9年考了1题）s=（连词+句子） + v + o=（连词+句子） s/o: n./pron doing/to dohis death is a fact.going shopping is my hobby.he was dead this morning is a fact. （错误）改正：it is a fact that+he was dead this morning. 考点一：that+陈述性事实（完整的句子）whether/if+是否what/which/whowhat “什么, 什么样的，的东西”, “the thing that”, “句子缺少主语或宾语” what he said surprised me.which “哪一个” (有选择的范围) who -谁 i know who was late.where/when/why/howi dont know