非谓语动词公开课ppt课件.ppt

非谓语动词 不定式 todo 否定 nottodo V ing doing 否定 notdoing 过去分词 done 否定 notdone 在句子中充当除谓语动词以外的各种句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词 非谓语动词有三种 Iwanttoreadabookwrittenbythewomanlivingthere 谓语非谓语动词 1 非谓语动词功能表 2 不定式在句子中可以充当哪些成分 1 作主语 Torunisagoodhabit Itisagoodhabittorun 2 作表语 Ourplanistobuildabridgeovertheriver 3 作宾语 Iwanttobuyadictionary 4 作定语 Hehasachancetogoabroad 5 作状语 Tofinishthework hehadtogetupearly 6 作补语 Iaskustohelphim 3 1 主语 Noddingtheheadmeansagreement 点头表示同意 2 宾语 Wouldyoumindmyclosingthewindows 3 表语 Hisjobissellingnewspapers 4 定语 Thisisaswimmingpool V ing在句子当中可以充当哪些成分 5 补语 Hekeptmewaitingsolong 6 状语 Walkinginthestreet Imetmyteacher 4 过去分词在句子当中可以充当哪些成分 1 定语 Thisisoneoftheschoolsbuiltin1980s Englishisawidelyusedlanguage 2 表语 Theshopisclosed 3 补语 Shefeltherarmtoughed 4 状语 Seenfromthespace theearthlooksblue 5 非谓语动词的形式 动词不定式 6 动词不定式的形式Johnsaidthathehadruninordertocatchthebus 一般式的主动态 Hehatedtobemisunderstoodbyothers 一般式的被动态 Hepretendedtobelisteningattentively 进行式 Heintendedtohavetoldyouthat 完成式主动态 Thisworkofartseemedtohavebeencreatedlongago 完成式的被动态 We rehappytohavebeenworkingwithyou 完成进行式 7 现在分词的形式Hesatinachair readinganovel 一般式主动态 Beingexhaustedbywork hefellasleepquickly 一般式被动态 Havingfinishedhishomework hewentplaying 完成式主动态 Allthishavingbeensettled hewenthome 完成式被动态 8 过去分词的形式Seenfromthespace theearthisfilledwithwater 过去分词被动态 9 不定式和现在分词作宾语的区别英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式 也可跟动名词作直接宾语 但有些动词要求不定式常用以下动词后作宾语 agree ask attempt begin demand desire dislike expect decide seem intend try permit refuse manage order persuade tend fail choose forget mean pretend promise refuse wait 等 例如 Hemanagedtopasstheexam Hepromisedtobehereatnine Ididn texpecttoseeyouhere 2 动名词常用以下动词后作宾语 admit avoidcan thelp consider enjoy escape finish giveup mind practice suggest lookforwardto beusedtodoing succeedin feellike stickto etc 例如 Somepeopledonotenjoysmoking Heavoidedansweringmyquestiondefinitely Wearelookingforwardtoseeingyouagain 10 不定式 现在分词 过去分词做定语的区别不定式表示即将发生的动作 Thebuildingtobecompletednextmonthisourlibrary 现在分词表示现在发生的动作 Thebuildingbeingbuiltisourlibrary 过去分词表示已经发生的动作 Thebuildingbuiltisourlibrary 11 不定式 现在分词 过去分词做状语的区别不定式作状语一般表示目的 结果或原因 Theystoodbytheroadsidetotalkabouttheplan 目的Theboyisnottallenoughtoreachthebookshelf 结果 Wearegladtohearthenews 原因 现在分词作状语一般表示伴随 主动或现在Theystoodbytheroadsidetalkingabouttheplan 伴随 Notknowingwhattodo hewenttohisparentsforhelp 过去分词作状语一般表示被动或完成Givenmoreattention thetreescouldhavegrownbetter Thepopsinger followedbytwobodyguards cametomeethisfans 12 不定式 现在分词 过去分词做宾补的区别有些使役动词及感官动词后如let make have hear see feel smell hear watch等动词不定式只说明宾语的一个动作 宾语与动词不定式是主动关系Justthenheheardsomeonesinginthenextroom 现在分词说明宾语的动作正在进行 宾语与现在分词是主动关系Thenheheardsomeonesinginginthenextroom 过去分词说明宾语与过去分词是被动关系Hehadhisbikerepairedyesterday Hefoundhiswatchstolen 13 注意问题 1 有些动词后使用动名词和动词不定式作宾语的差别1 forgettodo忘记要去做某事 此事未做 forgetdoing忘记做过某事 此事已做过或已发生 2 stoptodo停止 中断 某件事 目的是去做另一件事stopdoing停止正在或经常做的事3 remembertodo记住去做某事 未做 rememberdoing记得做过某事 已做 4 regrettodo对要做的事遗憾regretdoing对做过的事遗憾 后悔5 trytodo努力 企图做某事trydoing试验 试一试某种办法6 meantodo打算 有意要 meandoing意味着7 goontodo继而 去做另外一件事情 goondoing继续 原先没有做完的事情 8 proposetodo打算 要做某事 proposingdoing建议 做某事 14 2 不定代词something nothing little much alot等习惯上用不定式做定语Ihavesomethingtodotonight Hestillhasalotofhomeworktofinish 3 疑问词who what which when where和how后加不定式构成一种特殊的不定式短语 Whentostarthasnotbeendecided 主语 Idon tknowwhattodo 我不知道该怎么办 宾语 Thedifficultywashowtocrosstheriver 表语 15 非谓语动词中的句型1 Doing v Readingisanart 阅读是门艺术 Seeingisbelieving 眼见为实 2 Itis nouse good fun agreatpleasure awasteoftime 等名词 doingsth Itisnousecrying 哭没有用 3 Thereisnouse good point sense harm doingsth做某事没用Thereisnousecryingoverspiltmilk 16 4 go Ving示 从事 之意I llgocampingtomorrow 我明天去露营 I llgoshopping 我去商店 Itisnogoodobjecting 反对也没有用 5 在want need require等动词后 常用动名词的主动形式表示被动的意思 例如 Myhairneedscutting Myhairneedstobecut 6 在某些固定结构Generally Franklyspeaking Judgingfrom by 中 分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致 这种结构只限于为数很少的几个动词Judgingbyhisdress hecomesfromawealthyfamily Franklyspeaking Idon tlikehimatall 17 不定式 B 该题考查疑问 不定式在句中做宾语的用法 英语中有一些动词后可以跟一个疑问词的不定式做宾语 如 tell discuss know show learn decide wonder explain 不定式的作用 解析 18 B 不定式 因为主语是thepurpose 在 purpose wish promise plan 后常跟不定式 故表语要用不定式 to不能省略 因此构成thepurposeisto notto do句型 故选B 不定式的作用 解析 19 D 不定式 该题考查动词不定式做宾语的用法 wouldlove like to是固定搭配 因此B C 不合题意 Wouldlove 不定式一般式 表示 想 希望 而接不定式完成式则表示 原本希望而未曾实现 的意思 解析 不定式的时态和语态 20 例如 ItwasthefirstsuchprojecttobedesignedbyChineseengineers Thequestiontobediscussedatthenextmeetingwillberatherdifficult B 不定式的语态取决于它和主语以及被它修饰的词的逻辑关系 被动关系用被动 解析 21 不定式 C 该题考查不定式的否定式作主补 要注意warn后跟词方式 warnsb nottodosth warnsb againstdoingsth 该题应该用 结构另外 not应放在to之前 在大多数的动词可接不定式短语做宾补 只有少数动词 五个看see watch notice observe lookat 三使役make let have 二听listento hear等 须接不带to的不定式做宾补 解析 不定式的否定形式 22 过去分词 1 作状语 C 1 该题考查过去分词作状语的用法动词 ing或过去分词作状语 其逻辑主语应是主语 2 陷入深思 有两种表达法 A LoseoneselfinthoughtB belostinthought 按句子提供的语境可用结构B 解析 过去分词主要考查其在句中作状语 定语 表语和补语的用法 23 过去分词 2 作定语 A 过去分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系且过去分词表示的动作以完成 现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生 与修饰词是主谓关系 不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作 所以A是正确的 Firstplayedin776B C whichwasfirstplayedin776B C 解析 24 过去分词 3 作表语 C 该题考查分词作表语的用法 topaysb bythehour 计时给某人报酬 此题被动结构作表语 类似的有 getburnt gethurt getwounded 解析 25 V ing形式 A v ing形式主要考查其在句子中作定语和状语的用法 Makingitthepopularsportintheworld为现在分词短语作结果状语 这类分词短语常放在句子的后面 ing表示顺其自然 不定式表示突然 出乎意料 如 解析 Hisparentsdied leavinghimanorphan Herushedtothepostofficeonlytofinditwasclosed 26 过去分词 4 作补语 该题考查过去分词作宾语补足语的用法 theplan与carryout的关系是被动关系 seesth done这结构常见的还有watch notice observe have和make sth done C 解析 27 历年高考题 1 Friendshipislikemoney easiermadethan 03上海春 A keptB tobekeptC keepingD beingkept 2 themeetinghimselfgavethemagreatdealofencouragement A ThepresidentwillattendB Thepresidenttoattend 03上海春 C ThepresidentattendedD Thepresident sattending 3 Unless tospeak youshouldremainsilentattheconference A invitedB invitingC beinginvitedD havinginvited 03上春 4 Shewilltelluswhyshefeelssostronglythateachofushasarole inmakingtheearthabetterplacetolive 03上海春 A tohaveplayedB toplayC tobeplayedD tobeplaying A D A B 28 5 Howaboutthetwoofus awalkdownthegarden MET9317 A totakeB takeC takingD tobetaking 6 downtheradio thebaby sasleepinthenextroom MET9324 A TurningB ToturnC TurnedD Turn 7 CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered thefirstcomputer MET9334 A toinventB inventingC tohaveinventedD havinginvented 8 Imustapologizefor aheadoftime That sallright MET9421 A lettingyounotknowB notlettingyouknowC lettingyouknownotD lettingnotyouknow 9 Ratherthan onacrowdedbus healwaysprefers abicycle NMET9422 A ride rideB riding rideC ride torideD toride riding 29 10 Themissingboyswerelastseen neartheriver NMET9425 A playingB tobeplayingC playD toplay 11 Thefirsttextbooks forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury NMET9434 A havingwrittenB tobewrittenC beingwrittenD written 12 Youwerebraveenoughtoraisedobjectionsatthemeeting Well nowIregret that NMET9526 A todob tobedoingC tohavedoneD havingdone 13 Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet buthismothertoldhim NMET9535 A nottoB nottodoC notdoitD donotto 14 WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset hernewbicycle 97上海13 A AsshelostB LostC LosingD Becauseoflosing 30 15 Shecan thelp thehousebecauseshe sbusymakingacake 97上海12 A tocleanB cleaningC cleanedD beingcleaned 16 Shelooksforwardeveryspringto theflower linedgarden 95上海20 A visitB payingavisitC walkinD walkingin 17 Whileshopping peoplesometimecan thelp intobuyingsomethingtheydon treallyneed 96上海14 A topursueB persuadingC beingpersuadedD bepersuaded 18 Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier itmoredifficult NMET9921 A notmakeB nottomakeC notmakingD donotmake 19 Acomputerdoesonlywhatthinkingpeople 99上海19 A haveitdoB haveitdoneC havedoneitD havingitdone 20 WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinnedtothedoor Sorrytomissyou willcalllater NMET9925 A readB readsC toreadD reading 31 5 Mrs Smithwarnedherhusband afterdrinkingagainandagain A nevertodriveB toneverdriveC neverdrivingD neverdrive 6 Tomasteraforeignlanguage A alotofpracticeisneededB itneedsalotofpracticeC practiceisinneedofD oneneedsalotofpractice 20 Thelibraryneeds butit llhavetowaituntilSunday A cleaningB becleanedC cleanD beingcleaned 4 Ourfatheroftentoldusinthepastthat isbelieving A toseeB seeingC seeD tobeseen 1 Hegaveussomeadviceonhow English A learningB learnedC tolearnD learn 2 It sapayday andtheyarewaiting A payB payingC paidD tobepaid 3 Alettermaybetooslow Whynot atelegram A trysendingB trytosendC totrysendingD tryingtosend 巩固练习 C D A B A D 32 1 isagoodofexerciseforboththeyoungandtheold A ThewalkB WalkingC TowalkD Walk 2 Whenandwheretobuildthenewpowerstation yet A isnotdecidedB arenotdecidedC hasnotdecidedD havenotdecided 3 Is necessarytochangetrainsatBeijing A thisB thatC itD he 4 Ourfatheroftentoldusinthepastthat isbelieving A toseeB seeingC seeD tobeseen 5 Shepretended theletterIwrotethedaybeforeyesterday A nottoreceiveB notreceivingC nottohearfromD havingnotreceived 6 Ican timagine thatwithsuchafamousauthor A workB toworkC tobeworkingD working Non infinitive 33 7 Shereachedthetopofthehillandstopped onabigrockbythesideofthepath A tohaverestedB restingC torestD rest 8 Doyouconsider anygoodattemptingmanyscientificexperiments A thereB itC thisD that 9 I mthirsty Wouldyoupleasegivemesomething A drunkB todrinkC tobedrunkD fordrinking 10 Therewasaterriblenoise thesuddenburstoflight A followedB follo