江苏省永丰初级中学中考英语 书面表达专题系列指导.docVIP

书面表达专题系列指导一中考命题作文的基本要求1.学生要有扎实的英语基本功底，对教材内容熟悉，英语基础知识牢固，对英语的书写、标点符号、词法、语法、句法等都要表达正确。2.无论是写作内容还是体裁都要按照命题要求。采用正确的行文格式，叙述层次要分明，结构要严谨，句式排练要整齐，段落过渡要自然，富有调理性。说理性文体，要讲清道理，层层递进，做到以理服人。3.文章内容前后照应，词语运用准确到位，语言流畅，言简意赅，内容充实，叙事完整，主题突出。二命题作文的写作技巧1.要认真审题，弄清所写的内容，确定人称、时态，同时关注题材、体裁、格式。写作文最重要的是先审清题目，确立要表现的中心。同时要注意时态是否正确：1）故事性文章一般用过去时，其中表达感受时可用现在时。2）说明性或议论性文章一般用现在时，举例时可用过去时。3）根据题目要求也会出现时态的交错使用，比如过去和现在的对比。4）如果句中出现时间状语，时态要遵循时间状语，比如句中有in+时间段时，用将来时态。4）注意句中人称是否一致。例如：on my way home, i met a friend of mine. 5)特别要注意文章的格式是否正确，不同的文体其格式和写作方法是不一致的。2.找全信息点，紧扣主题，突出重点。一定要把作文题目反复读3遍，找出所有的信息点（包括隐含的），并且在稿纸上列出要点，并把要点按照从主到次的顺序逐一排练，动笔时依次写，这样可以做到重点突出，也可以根据题目的要求，适当增加合理内容，但是注意不能跑题或者喧宾夺主。3.成文时表述正确，文字流畅。绝不要按照汉语提示一一对应翻译出，而要使用所学表达方法把语意表达出来，即用所学知识将题目的要求表达出来。为了使得文章完整流畅，动笔时首先要考虑句子结构（如主谓语、主系表等等），同时注意短语的正确使用和单词的拼写，尽量使用课本上学过的词、短语、句式，力求用你十拿九稳的语言形式来写，切切不要为了卖弄水平高而使用你不大懂的语言形式来写。写作时应该多用简单句，少用无把握的复合句。若遇到表达障碍，可以换用一种说法，将一句变成三句，只求达意。4.写句子时要连贯，层次分明，切不能没有条理。句子之间要连贯通达，特别要注意上下句的逻辑关系，适当使用递进、让步、转折、因果等关联词语，使文章层次分明，过渡自然，条理明晰。写作文不能“脚踩西瓜皮，滑到哪里是哪里。”一般而言，作文要分段写，至少要有头、有身、有尾。作文一般要分这样五个层次：1）开始句2）向主体过度句 3）主体叙述 4）向结尾过度 5）结尾。第一层开始句起着点题的作用，80字的作文一定要开门见山。也就是第一句就能让人感觉到你将要写什么。但是往往是概括性地笼统地指出。所以往往是一句话就解决问题。第二层往往是在第一层的基础上具体指出某人或某事。第三层就这个某人或某事进行详细的叙述或议论或描写。但一般以3至4句为宜。因为中考作文的字数是60至80字之间，字数不足和过于超过都要扣分。所以应该及时向结尾过渡，完成第四层，多半以谈感觉为主。在主体叙述和结尾之间起着承上启下的作用。但也应该一句话解决问题。过渡的梯子搭好了，也就能够圆滑地圆满地结尾了。结尾的一句话往往是感慨、感想、感叹之类的句子。这样6至8句的作文，每句平均10字左右 （每个句子的字数根据含义的需要调整），最后写好的作文就应该是在60至80字之间了。5.最后检查修改，之后抄写到答题卷上。抄写到答题卷上前，要检查所写内容是否涵盖了题目所要求的全部信息点，时态、人称是否一致，句子结构是否清晰，短语使用、单词拼写是否准确，段落结构是否合理，以及大小写、标点符号是否正确，句子是否有语病，行文是否连贯、条理明晰等等。三、常用连接词。1.表示时间顺序的过渡词：first of all, firstly/first, to begin with/to start with, secondly/second/and then, finally, in the end, at last. 2.表示转折对比关系的过渡词：however, but ,although+从句，on the one hand,on the other hand, some.,while others, even if/even though, in spite of., as for3.表示因果关系的过渡词：because, since, so, as a result, therefore, then, thus, otherwise, for this reason, that is the reason why .4.表示举例说明的过渡词：for example+句子；for instance+句子; such as+n./doing 5. .表示解释说明关系的过渡词：in fact, actually, in this case , in other words. 6. .表示递进关系的过渡词：besides, also, and, then, moreover, again, whats more.7.表示自己观点的过渡词：in my opinion, i think , i believe, i suppose. 8. .表示目的关系的过渡词：for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order that, so as to, in order to, to 9. 表示强调关系的过渡词：in fact, indeed, necessarily, certainly, truly, above all, most important. 10. .表示总结关系的过渡词：in all, in short, in total, finally, at last, in the end, in a word, in a sentence, in conclusion, to sum up, its obvious that, there is no doubt that, everyone knows that., from the point of view.(according to point of view.).专题一 提示性作文-家庭、朋友和周围的人相关句型：1. he is my. 2. hes very funny/calm/quiet/outgoing/confident/generous/hard-working/kind-hearted/warm-hearted3. hes of medium height( build). 4. he is short(tall) with a big(small) nose /he is short(tall) with big(small) eyes. 5. he has short(long) /curly(straight )/black(blonde) hair 6.he is helpful. he gets on( along) well with 7.he used to be,but now he is 8.his life has changed a lot in the last(past) few years/great changes have taken place in his life in recent years(over these years/for years) 9. he wants to be.when he grows up. 10. he is going to be in the future. 11.he likes(enjoys/feels like) playing the basketball./his hobby(interest) is 12.he is very strict with sb in sth. 13. he is kind/nice/friendly/good to sb. 14. he is interested in/he shows great interest in 15. my field of work is.i guess thats why im always interested in.我的工作范畴是有关。我猜这也是为何我会一直对。保持有高度兴趣的原因。16. i enjoy (a certain hobby) whenever i have some free time.当我有所空闲时比较喜欢做些（某个兴趣和爱好）。17. my favorite foods/books/movies/activities to do during free time are.我最喜欢的食物/书籍/影片/最热衷的业余活动是。18. a long-time dream of mine has always been.一直以来我的一个长远理想是。19.he has a stable personality and a high sense of responsibility. 他个性稳重、具高度责任感。20. he is energetic, fashionable , and positive with bright mind他.精力旺盛、思想新潮头脑积极、灵活。21.描述人物外貌和性格特征的常用词语:good-looking（长得好看的）funny-looking（长相滑稽的）ugly-looking（长得难看的）ordinarylooking（长相一般的）white-haired（白头发的warm-hearted（热心肠的）kind-hearted（好心的）absent-minded（心不在焉的）bad-tempered（脾气不好的）near-sighted（近视眼的）far-sighted（远视的）tall（个高的）short（个矮的）pretty（漂亮的）naughty（淘气的）lovely（可爱的）easy-going（温和宽容的smart（精明的）wise（明智的）bright（聪明的）diligent（勤奋的）lazy（懒惰的）clever（聪明的）healthy（健康的）humorous（幽默的）funny（滑稽的）silent（沉默的）attractive（有吸引力的）talkative（多话的）22.描述人物心情的常用词语：sad（难过的）happy（高兴的）excited（兴奋的）pleased（高兴的）satisfied（满意的）angry（生气的）worried（担心的）disappointed（失望的）terrified（恐惧的）friendly（友好的）anxious（焦虑的）curious（好奇的）范文：my grandfather(我的爷爷) my grandfather is in his seventies now. he is a kind and warm-hearted old man.he used to live with my family. at that time he always spent more than one hour examining my homework every day. when i was ill, he took good care of me. he showed great concern.grandfather is very warm-hearted to his neighbors and is always ready to help them.one day, a girl who is one of his neighbors injured her leg carelessly. my grandfather took her to the hospital at once and paid the fees with his own savings.now my grandfather is living in another city with my aunt. my parents and i all miss him very much. and i hope that i can go to visit him soon.我姥爷70多岁了，他是一位和蔼、热心的老人。他过去和我们一起住。那段日子里，他每天都花一个多小时的时间检查我的功课。在我生病时，细心照料我。他非常疼爱我。姥爷对邻居们也很热心，总是乐于助人。一天，邻居家的女孩不慎摔伤了腿，姥爷马上带她到医院去，并用自己的积蓄帮她支付药费。现在姥爷和我阿姨一起住在另一个城市。我和爸爸妈妈都很想他。我希望不久就能见到他。作文练习一 :亲爱的同学，你即将初中毕业了，在这三年的学习生活中 ，你一定结交了许多好朋友。请你用英语写一篇短文，介绍你的一位好朋友li lei。 要点如下：*他乐于助人，性格外向，兴趣广泛。* 他成绩优秀，经常在学习上帮助我，*我准备送一个。以表达感谢*我对他的祝福和希望。注意： 词数80100，开头已经为你写好，但不计词数；短文必须包括所有要点，不要逐词逐句翻译，可适当增加细节或发挥，文章中不得出现真实校名、人名等相关信息。 we are graduating from school soon. i miss so many good friends, especially my best friend-li lei. 专题二 兴趣、爱好重点句型：（1）i want to join theclub. （2）i like action movies and thrillers, but i dont like soup opera.（3）i like music that i can dance to. （4）ann likes music thats quiet and gentle. （5）we prefer music that has good lyrics. （6） my hobby is swimming, so i often go swimming on weekends. （7）im interested in( /im good at) playing the guitar because it is good for me. （8）i really enjoy playing computer games, but i have a lot of homework. so i have to spend much time doing my homework and reading some books. （9）im willing to help my mother do some cleaning. i really feel very tired, but its good for me to understand my parents. （10）i used to play soccer with my good friends after class every day, but now i hardly ever play soccer or do other sports. my parents think my hobby takes me a lot of time. （11）my favourite is（12）i likebest. （13）i prefer（13）i would rather do than do（14）我非常喜欢电影、音乐和书籍，当然，还有运动，比如羽毛球、跳绳等，我觉得电影让我间接的经历了一些人生，音乐带给我非常美妙的感观和心理享受，而书籍，则给了我非常多的指导。i like film, music and books very much. i also like sports, such as playing badminton，rope skipping and so on. i think that the film makes me experience the life indirectly , the music brings me very good feeling of enjoyment, while the books give me much guidance/instruction/help. （15）do you have any hobbies? 你有什么爱好吗？/what are you interested in? 你对什么比较感兴趣？/what are your interests? 你的爱好是什么？/what do you do in your spare time? 空闲时间你干什么？i am a michael jordan fan. 我是迈克尔乔丹迷。/do you go on picnics