人教版八年级英语(上)1-2单元归纳与测试.doc

Unit 1 My names Gina.Section A【视野聚焦】重点短语1. 我的名字 my name 2. 名字 first name3. 姓氏 last name经典句型1. Whats your / his / her name? 你/ 他/ 她叫什么名字？2. My / His / Her names 我的/ 他的/ 她的名字叫3. Nice to meet you！ 见到你很高兴！【学海拾贝】1.Whats your name? My names Gina. （1）两人初次见面互相询问姓名时可用这个句型。后面可加上please，用升调以表示礼貌、客气。如想反问时可说：And you?或者And whats your name?例如：A: Hello. Whats your name? B: My name is Linda. And you?/And whats your name? （2）回答时还可以说Im.其中My names是My name is 的缩写。Im是I am的缩写。 例如：我的名字叫玛丽。 My names Mary./Im Mary. （3）am, is, are叫做联系动词，用来表示人或事物的性质、状态等，在句中起连接主语和表语的作用，基本意思是“是”，有时不译出。其原形是be。 例如：我的尺子是蓝色的。 My ruler is blue.方法指津： 巧记am, is, are我（I）用am, 你（you）用are, is 跟着他（he）、她（she）、它（it），所有复数都用are。 2. Hello!你好！Hello一般可作为熟人、朋友、青年人之间的招呼用语，语气较随便，译为“您好”；此外打电话或遇熟人时也可用, 译为“喂”。在表示问候或唤起注意时，有时可用Hi来代替Hello，显得更为随便。 例如：你好，简！ Hello/Hi, Jane!特别提示hello/hi一般不用于与师长、上级、年长者以及有体面的人打招呼，以免显得对长辈不够尊重。3. Nice to meet you! （1）这是初次见面时的客套话，还可以说 Im glad to meet you.该句是一个个省略句，完整的句子应该是Its nice to meet you. 回答时一般用 Nice to meet you, too.（2）meet意思是“遇见，碰到，迎接，会合，开会”等， 也可以做名词“会议”。与meat（肉）谐音。 例如：我经常碰到你的老师。 I often meet your teacher. 4. Whats his name? His names Tony. 句中的his 叫做物主代词。物主代词是表示所有关系的代词。本课所介绍的是形容词性的物主代词它们一般放在所修饰名词的前面，后面必须跟一个名词。同时它们也有人称和数的变化。例如：我的自行车my bike 他的名字 his last name 她的名字 her name 本课主要学习的物主代词见下表：形容词性物主代词myyourhisHer中文意思我的你的他的她的特别提示：形容词性物主代词的前后是不出现冠词的，这是在书写句子时最容易犯的错误。如：my name 而不能说 my a name。方法指津： 口诀串记形容词性物主代词我的my, 你的your， 男他的是his, 女她的改为her， Its它的要记着， 我们的our 你们的your， Their他们的是复数， 牢记句法功能做定语。5. Whats your first name ？Jack. Whats your last name? Smith. （1）first name名字；last name姓氏。英美人姓名的顺序与中国人的相反。如：Jack Smith中Jack是名，Smith是姓。而中国人将姓放在前，名字放在后面，如：Zhang Mingming中，Zhang是姓, Mingming是名字。 （2）英美人的姓名与中国人的姓名相似，有一些专用于姓氏，而有一些多用于名字。如：Smith, Green, Brown, Miller多用于姓氏，而Gina, Tony, Mary, Tim, Tom等等多用于名字。思维拓展英美人的姓名一般由三部分组成：first name, middle name, last name. 三部分一起称作full name(全名)。first name是名字，也可以叫做given name，放在最前面；middle name也可以叫做second name，中间名字，但这部分队签署法律文件外一般不用。last name是姓，也可以叫做family name。特别提示 Mr, Miss, Ms 这些称呼一般用在姓氏family name的前面，而不用在名字first name前面。如：我们可以说Mr Smith, 而不能说Mr Jack. 6. 在英语中中国人姓名的拼写: 姓和名分开，姓在前，名在后。（1）如果是单姓，名又是单字，则姓与名的第一个字母要大写，其余字母用小写。例如:李雷Li Lei。（2）如果是单姓，名是双字，则姓的第一个字母大写，名的双字合在一起算一个词，只把第一个字母大写就可以了。例如:韩梅梅Han Meimei。（3）如果是复姓，则把复姓字母连在一起，只大写第一个字母，名字的拼写方法同上。例如:司马迁Sima Qian， 欧阳震华Ouyang Zhenhua。（4）如果名字里有可能造成音的混淆的拼写时，要用连字号“”或隔音号“”隔开。例如:杨立安Yang Li-an (或Yang Lian)，如写成Yang Lian 就成了杨连。【牛刀小试】单项选择( )1. Hello! My name is Jim Green. Jim is my . A. first name B. last name C. given name D. Chinese name( )2. -My name is Tony. - A. How are you? B. Nice to meet you. C. Spell it , please. D. Whats your name?( )3. -Hello! - . A. Good morning B. Hello C. Good D. Yes( )4. name is Bob. is eleven years old. A. He, His B. His, His C. He, He D. His, he找出下列句子的错误并改正。1. Whats you name? 错误： 改正：2. He is Smith Jack. 错误： 改正：3. This is Zhang Ming Ming. 错误： 改正：用be的适当形式填空。(1) My new sweater nice.(2) his shoes white.(3) you Mr. Smith?(4) I Tony.(5) Its name MiMi. 【超越自我】1. I am a student. _ name is Tom. （2004 北京）A. My B. Your C. His D. Her2. your name, please？My name is .A. Whats, Green JimB. Whos, Jim Green C.Whats, Jim GreenD. Whos, Green Jim3. It isnt watch. I left mine at home. (2006 北京) A. me B. my C. I D. myself4. 在对话的空格处填写适当的单词，使对话意思完整。 B: OK, heres the key. By the way , where do you have to go now? A: To the railway station to a friend of mine.5-Excuse me. Is this watch? (2005 浙江) -No, its not . Its Toms. A. yourself; your B. yours; mine C. your; my D. your; mine【创新全解】牛刀小试版块答案：单项选择1. A 2. B 3. B 4. D找出下列句子的错误并改正。1. 错误：you 改正： your 2. 错误：He 改正： His 3. 错误：Zhang Ming Ming 改正： Zhang Mingming 用be的适当形式填空。 1. is 2. are 3. are 4. am 5. is超越自我答案1.A 本题考查形容词性物主代词的用法，修饰名词name, 且要与前面句子主语相对应。2.C 第一句是询问对方的姓名是“什么”，故用Whats ，回答时用My name is。而英语国家人的姓名是名在前，姓在后。3. B 这句话的意思是“这不是我的手表”。也是考查形容词性物主代词的用法，修饰名词watch。 4. meet 对话的上句问：你现在要去哪儿？ 答语：去火车站接我的一个朋友。接见某人用meet sb.5.D（形容词性物主代词必须和名词连用，故首先排除A和B；名词性物主代词不和名词连用，故又排除C。正确答案为D）Section B【视野聚焦】重点短语1. 电话号码 telephone number / phone number 2. 姓 family name / last name3. 身份证 ID card (ID= identification)经典句型1. Whats your/ his /her telephone number? 你的/他的/她的电话号码是多少？ Its 281-9176. 是281-9176。2. Whats your / his / her family name? 你/ 他/ 她姓什么？【学海拾贝】1. Whats your telephone number?Its 281-9176. （1）这种疑问句叫特殊疑问句, 它的回答是针对特殊疑问词来回答的，不能用“Yes”或“No”来回答。这一句型同我们学过的Whats your name？属同一类句型，前者是询问电话号码是多少，后者是询问某人叫什么名字，但都用What “什么”放在句首来提问。该句的回答是针对所问的内容（telephone number）来具体回答的，回答是281-9176。注意为了避免重复，回答时用It指代上文的telephone number。（2）Whatsnumber?是用来对号码进行提问的。答语是Its号码。例如：你的身份证号是多少？ Whats your ID card number?特别提示对号码提问还有另一种方式：Whats the number of？ 你的电话号码是多少？Whats the number of your telephone?2. Its 281-9176. 表达数目多少的数词叫基数词，本单元出现09的基数词。基数词常用来表示号码、年代等。书写时一般用阿拉伯数字，而读的时候用英语。其中0可以读作zero也可以读作字母o的读音，当号码中有相同两个数字相连时，可以借助double（双的、两倍的）加数字来完成，也可逐个读出来。例如：Its 929-3160读作：nine two nine three one six zero或 nine two nine three one six O.500698 读作：five double zero(O)six nine eight3. Whats her family name? family 的意思是“家庭, 家庭, 家族, 家属”。 例如：我和家人一起吃晚饭。 I have dinner with my family.方法指津：巧记family 一词 想要快速记住这个词，可以试一试记一下这个句子：Father and mother, I love you. 你发现了吗？family一词就是这个句子中每个单词的首字母组成的。【牛刀小试】单项选择( )1. - Whats your _ number? - _ 3256654. A . phone, Hes B. ID card, Thats C. phone, Its( ) 2. - Whats her first name? - _ Alice. A. Its B. Her C. Shes( )3. - her phone number? - Its 555-6780. A. What B. How old C. Whats ( )4. Three and two is . A. fifth B. five C. six D. one( )5. - Whats your ? -Its three four two. A. name B. color C. bike D. number句型转换1. My name is Lily. (对划线部分提问) name?2. Her fathers name is Tim Black. (对划线部分提问) her fathers .3. What , his , number, is , telephone. (连词组句) .4. Her QQ number is 376184572. (对划线部分提问) her ?5. Four and one is five. (对划线部分提问) four and five?根据情景补全对话A: Hello! Whats 1 name?B: My name is Bill Smith.A: 2 Kate Brown. B: Nice to 3 you.A: Me, too. 4 his name?B: 5 names Mike Miller.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 【超越自我】( )1. -Whats eight plus seven? (2006 济南) -Its . A. thirteen B. one C. fiveteen D. fifteen( )2. -Whats your name? -My name Jim Green. (2006 荆州) A. am B. are C. is D. he3. 在对话的空格处填写适当的单词，使对话意思完整。（2005 广东） . B: OK, heres the key. By the way, where do you have to go now? A: To the railway station to a friend of mine.4. -Tony, whats ten and six? （2005 济南） -Its . A. twenty B. fifty C. ten D. sixteen【创新全解】牛刀小试版块答案：单项选择15 D A C B D句型转换1. Whats , your 2. Whats, last / family name 3. What is his telephone number?4. Whats , QQ, number 5. What, is根据情景补全对话1. your 2. My 3. meet 4. Whats 5. His超越自我答案1. D. 本题考查学生对数字的认识。eight 是八，seven是七，plus意思是“加”。所以答案应为fifteen十五。其中C答案是一个干扰项，five是五，而变为十五时应该是fifteen.2. C. 本题考查be动词的用法。因为主语是my name，单数，故用is。3. 对话的上句问：你现在要去哪儿？回答说：要去火车站“接”我一个朋友。“接见某人”用meet sb. 故答案为meet。4. D（本题考查学生对基数词的辨析。问十加六是几，答案很简单，应该是十六）Self Check【重点单词】1. last 形容词，意思是“最后的；上一个的”。 例如：他是最后一个到学校的。 He is the last to school. 上星期我们去了动物园。 We went to the zoo last week.思维拓展1. last 副词，意思是“最后”。 Saturday comes last in the week. 星期六在一周之中排最后。2. last 动词，意思是“持续”。 The rain lasts two days. 大雨持续（下了）两天。2. Zigzag是一个单词，意思是“之字形，Z字形”。在Just for fun中，用这一名字以幽默的方式讲解英美人的姓名特点。在漫画中，zigzag被用作卡通人物的姓名，真是“名如其形”。它把zigzag这一个词一分为二，zig作为名(first name)，zag作为姓(last name)。【参考答案】3. Introduce two classmates in the cards below. 填写下面的卡片，介绍你的两个同学。His name is Zhou Jielun. His first name is Zhou. His last name is Jielun. His telephone number is 85623147. Her name is Gina Green. Her first name is Gina. Her last name is Green. Her telephone number is 253-6587.【牛刀小试】按正确的顺序排序( ) 1. Nice to meet you, too.( ) 2. My names Jane. Nice to meet you.( ) 3. Hello. Im Bill. Whats your name ?( ) 4. C-O-R-N-E-R ,Corner.( ) 5. May I have your last name ? 词汇1. Nice to _ (遇见) you.2. -Whats this? -Its a _ (时钟).3. _ (看) at this picture, please. 4. My _ (第一) name is Tony. 5. Is _ (零) a number? 6. I have a sister. H_ name is Jenny. 7. -Whats your f_ name? -Smith.8. I have a new p_. Its number is 5679863.9. Please make a l_of fruit. 10. Look at the ID c_ and answer the questions. 任务型阅读I am a girl. My name is Gina Green. Im twelve years old. Im in Class Two Grade Seven. My father is Mr Green. He is forty years old. He is an English teacher. My mother is Mrs Green. She is thirty-eight years old. She is a math teacher. My father and mother are in the same school, in No. One Middle School. My telephone number is 8632975. First name _ Last name _Age (年龄) _ Class_Fathers age _ Mothers age _Work place of her parents (她父母亲的工作地) _Father teaches (教) _ Mother teaches _Family numbers _书面表达根据下面的ID card写至少四句话。 First name: Mary Last name: Green Age: 13 Phone number: 687-7423. This is my friend. 【创新全解】牛刀小试版块答案：按正确的顺序排序 3, 2, 1, 5, 4词汇1. meet 2. clock 3. Look 4. first 5. zero6. Her 7, family 8. phone 9. list 10. card任务型阅读First name _Gina_ Last name _Green_Age (年龄) _12 years old _ Class_Class Two Grade Seven_Fathers age _40_ Mothers age _38_Work place of her parents (她父母亲的工作地) _in No. One Middle School_Father teaches (教) _English_ Mother teaches _math_Family phone numbers _8632975_书面表达 This is my friend. Her first name is Mary. Her last name is Green. She is 13 years old. And her phone number is 687-7423.综合测评一、根据句意和首字母填空。（10分）1. Whats your phone n_?2. Whats your f_ name? Its Gina.3. Please answer this q_.4 .He has a big f . There are 6 people in his home. 5. Five minus(减) five is z_.6 .Four and four is _(八).7 .Please send (寄)me a post c from Hong Kong. 8 L_ at the boy. He is Jack.9. Please look at the c . Its 9:00. 10. Im glad to m you!二、单项选择。（20分） ( ) 1. .-Hello! My name_ Tom. -Hello! I _ Kate.A. is ; is B. am ; am C. am ; is D. is ; am ( )2. His name is . A. Gina B. Smith C. Bob D. Miller ( )3. -Nice to meet you! - . A. Thank you. B. Im fine, thank you C. Im Tony. D. Nice to meet you, too. ( )4. Whats name? A. you B. your C. she D. he ( )5. His name is James Alan Miller. James is his name. A. given name B. last name C. family name D. middle name ( )6. - Whats your _ number? - _ 347-5186. A phone, Hes B bike, Thats C phone, Its D. bikes ; Its ( )7. - Is your last name Brown? - _. A Yes, it is B No, Im not C Yes, Im D. No, it not. ( )8. This is Miss Lin. is my English teacher. full name is Lin Mei. A. I ; My B. She ; She C. She ; His D. She; Her ( )9. Whats eight plus two? Its . A. six B. ten C. number ten D. twelve ( )10. - Whats this? - . A. Yes, its “a”. B. Its “a” C. Im eleven. D. No, it isnt.三、 用人称代词的适当形式填空（10分）1. _ am a student. _ school is Foreign Language School(外国语学校). ( I )2. My teacher is Ms Brown. _ is an English teacher. _ home(家) is near(靠近) school.(she)3. Whats _ name? Are _ in Class 1? (you)4 .Eric likes(喜欢) red. _ jacket is red. _ pen is red, too. (he)*5 ._ are students. _ teacher is Mr Smith. (they)四、从栏中找出与栏相对的答语（10分） ( ) 1 Nice to meet you. A His first name is Bill.( ) 2 Hello. Im Mary. B Nice to meet you, too.( ) 3 Whats her phone number? C Hi, Mary. Im Tom.( ) 4 Whats his first name? D My name is Ryan Hunt.( ) 5 Whats your name? E Her phone number is 889-545.五、根据汉语完成英语句子。（20分） 1. 你叫什么名字？ 我叫吉娜。 is your ? Gina. 2. 见到你也很高兴。 to you, . 3. -她的电话号码是多少？ -是286-7619. - her ? - 286-7619. 4. 你的老师姓什么？ your teachers ？ 5. 你能拼一下“零”这个单词吗？ you “zero”? 6. 请回答我的问题。 Please . 7. 这用英语怎么说？ this English?六、完型填空。（10分）I have a good friend. _1_ name is Bob. _2_ is his family name. _3_ is ten. _4_ phone number is 4325678. Bob and I _5_ in Class 3. We help each other(相互帮助).( ) 1 . A. My B. Her C. His D. She( ) 2. A. Bob B Tony C Smith D Jim( ) 3 .A He B She C It D His( ) 4 .A His B Her C My D Your( ) 5 .A am B is C are D /七、阅读理解: 判断对 (T) 错(F)。（10分）My names Roy Green. Im a student. I am not 11. Im 12. Im not in Grade Six. Im in Class Three, GradeSeven. My English teacher is Drew. I like him. I like English. Linda is my Chinese teacher. My favorite color is blue. My phone number is 8856978. ( )1. My family name is Roy. ( )2. Im eleven years old and Im is Grade Seven. ( )3. I like blue best. ( )4. Linda is my English teacher. ( )5. The number of my telephone is 8856978. 八、写作。假设你是Jim, 根据提示写一篇介绍自己的小文章，不少于40字。（10分）First nameJimLast nameGreenAge11Tel828-7656 综合测评答案： 一、根据句意和首字母填空1. number 2. first 3. question 4. family 5. zero 6. eight 7. card 8. Look 9. clock 10. meet.二、单项选择1-5. D C D B A 6-10. C A D B B 三、 用人称代词的适当形式填空1. I, my 2. She, her 3. your, you 4. His, His 5. They, their四、从栏中找出与栏相对的答语1. B 2. C 3. E 4. A 5. D五、根据汉语完成英语句子1. What , name, Im 2. Nice, meet, too 3. Whats , telephone/ phone , number 4. Whats, family, name 5. Can, spell 6. answer, my , questions 7. Whats, in六、完型填空1-5 C C A A C 七、阅读理解F F T F T快乐文化博览英美人的姓名英美人的姓名很有意思。据记载，姓氏在形成的过程中受到以下各种因素的影响：1. 以职业名称为姓。英语国家中的Carpenter(卡彭特)，Thatcher(撒切尔)，Tailor(泰勒)，Smith(史密斯)，Baker(贝克)等姓氏源于木匠、盖屋顶的人、裁缝、铁匠、面包师傅等。2以居住地的城镇或村庄的名称为姓，比如York(约克)，Kent(肯特)等。3以居住地附近的地形地貌为姓。如：Moor(穆尔)，Hill(希尔)，Wood(伍德)等姓原是荒野、小山和树林的意思。4以个人特征为姓。Small(斯莫尔)，Long(朗)，Wise(怀斯)，便分别是“小个子”、“大个子”、“聪明”等个人身体或个性特征。5有一部分带有浓厚宗教色彩的姓名。如Adam(亚当)基督教圣经中的“人类始祖”；John(约翰)基督教耶稣的12门徒之一等。6某些英语姓氏的前面带有Mac或(Mc)或O之类的前缀，比如MacArthur(麦克阿瑟)，McCarthy(麦卡锡)，ONeil(欧尼尔)等。前缀Mac或Mc说明姓该姓的人是苏格兰人的后代，O表示是爱尔兰人的后代。7英美人的有些名字源于外来语，如Martinez(马丁内斯)，Carcia(加西亚)等就来自于西班牙语。8英美人的有些姓名来源于颜色。如Green(格林)就是“绿色”的意思；再如White(怀特)，Brown(布朗)，Black(布莱克)就是源于白色、棕色、黑色之意。Unit 2 Is this your pencil?Section A【视野聚焦】重点短语1. 铅笔盒 pencil case2. 卷笔刀 pencil sharpener 3. 请原谅 excuse me4. 谢谢你 thank you5. 用英语 in English经典句型1. Is this your pencil? 这是你的铅笔吗？2. No, it isnt. Its her ruler. 不，不是。这是她的尺子。3. Excuse me, Sonia. 打扰了，索尼娅。4. Whats this in English? 这用英语怎么说？5. How do you spell it? 你怎样拼写它？【学海拾贝】1.Is that your backpack? Yes, it is.（1）Is that your backpack? 这种句型叫一般疑问句，是由陈述句That is my backpack.变来的。陈述句中的动词如果是am, is , are，变疑问句时可以直接把am, is, are提前到主语前面，首字母变为大写，将句号改为问号。变否定句时则直接在am, is,