仁爱英语八年级上册1.1原创笔记.doc

Unit 1 Playing SportsTopic 1 I am going to play basketball?Section A 1We are going to have a basketball game against Class Three against表示“对着：反对；靠着”2Would you like to cheer us on？cheer sb. on为加油，鼓劲 cheer sb. up 使某人振作起来 3win和beat都可表示“赢”，但用法不同。 （1） win(won，won)一般后接比赛，奖品或奖项作宾语，也可作不及物动词，表示“赢”的结果。 （2） beat(beat，beaten)击败、战胜，一般接对手作宾语，还可译为“心脏跳动”或“击打”。 a game a team win+事物 a war beat+对手 a nation a prize an apponent(对手) 4prefer宁愿，更喜欢（1）prefer doing sthto doing sth跟做某事比较起来更喜欢做某事prefer A to B 和B相比更喜欢Ae.g. I prefer apples to bananas. 和香蕉相比，我更喜欢苹果。（2）prefer to do sth(rather)than do sth跟做某事比较起来更喜欢做某事 e.g. I prefer to go hiking （rather）than go cycling. 跟骑行相比，我更喜欢远足。（3）prefer to do sth更喜欢做某事 e.g. He prefers to play basketball. 他更喜欢打篮球。 5jointake part in （1）join参加某个政党，团体，组织等，成为其中的一员 （2）join sb参加某人所在的活动（3）join in=take part in=be in 参加某项活动 6. I often saw you play basketball during the summer holiday.（1）see sb. do sth. 看见某人经常做某事（强调看到动作的全过程） see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事（强调动作正在进行）类似用法的动词还有hear，watch，listen等。（2）during the summer holiday意为在暑假期间，可以和in互换。7. I hope our team will win. （1）hope常用于以下三种结构： a. hope to do sth. 希望做某事 e.g. She hopes to study Chinese in Peking University. 她希望在北京大学学汉语。 b. hope + that从句（表示可以实现或能到达的希望），that可以省略。 e.g. I hope（that）you are coming to the party. 我希望你能参加这个聚会。 c. hope for sth. 希望得到某物 e.g. I hope for a better life. 我希望得到更好的生活。 （2）wish也有“希望”的意思，常用于以下四种结构。 a. wish to do sth. （等同于 want to do sth. / would like to do sth.）希望做某事 eg. I wish to go to Hainan someday. 我希望有一天我能去海南。 b. wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事 e.g. I wish him to give me a new mobile phone. 我希望他送我一部手机。 c. wish sb. sth. 表示良好的祝愿（hope无此用法） e.g. We wish you a merry Christmas. 我们祝你圣诞节快乐。 d. wish + that从句（表示难以实现的愿望） e.g. I wish I could fly like a bird. 我希望我能像鸟儿一样飞翔。8. Do you row much？（1）此处的much为副词，修饰前面的动词row，表示动作发生的频率非常频繁，可以和a lot 互换。（2）much还可修饰不可数名词，意为“许多，大量”，可以和a lot of 互换，e.g. I have much water. = I have a lot of water.Section B1He played for the Houston Rockets in the NBA.（1）play for a team为某队效力 play against意为“同.比赛”e.g. We are going to play basketball against Class 3 on Sunday afternoon. 我们打算周日下午和三班进行篮球比赛。（2）in the NBA 在美国男子职业篮球联赛 NBA = National Basketball Association be inon the team在某个队伍里2Thats my dream.dream作名词，“梦，梦想”。作动词，“做梦”dream ofabout sth.doing sth梦想（做）某事 e.g. I dream of/about a good job. 我梦想有一个好的工作。 I dream going to the university. 我梦想上大学。3. I am going to be a basketball player like him. （1）like 作动词，“喜欢”。 a. like to do sth. （侧重偶尔一次喜欢） like doing sth. （侧重一直喜欢） b. would like to do sth. 喜欢做某事 e.g. I would like to go swimming. 我喜欢去游泳。 c. would sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事 e.g. I would like him to go with me. 我想让他跟我一起去。（2）like作介词，“像.一样”。4. What are you going to be when you grow up？ grow 生长（不及物动词）grow up 长大成人 种植（及物动词） grow some vegetables 种一些蔬菜Section C 1. Ann likes sports very much. very much可换成 a lot，意为“很，非常”2. She goes cycling twice a week and often goes mountain climbing. （1）go+动名词构成的短语 go shopping 去购物 go hiking 去远足 go swimming 去游泳 go fishing 去钓鱼 go boating 去划船 go cycling 去骑自行车 go mountain climbing 去爬山 go roller skating 去滑旱冰 （2）twice a week “一周两次” once a week “一周一次” three times a week “一周三次” 三次以上用“基数词+times（次数）”表示3. She spends half an hour exercising in the gym. （1）sb. spend some money on sth. 某人在某物上花费金钱 e.g. I spent fifty yuan on this book. 我买这本书花了50元。 sb. spend some time (in) doing sth. 某人做某事花费了时间 e.g. I spend an hour (in) reading English every morning. 我每天花1小时读英语。（2）It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花了某人时间 e.g. It took me two hours to do my homework. 做作业花了我两个小时的时间。（3）sth. cost sb. some money 某物花了某人金钱 e.g. The book cost me fifty yuan. 这本书花了我50元。（4）sb. pay some money for sth. 某人为某物支付金钱 e.g. I paid fifty yuan for the book. 我为这本书支付了50元。4. She learns baseball on Saturday，and now she plays it very well. （1）learn about sth. 学习，了解，获悉 learn sth. from sb. 向某人学习 （2）good与well的区别 a. good为形容词，意为“好的”，用作定语或表语； e.g. Lucy is a good student. （作定语） 露西是一个好学生。 Your handwriting is very good. （作表语）你的书写非常好。 well为副词，意为“好得”，常常修饰前面的动词，do well做得好 eat well 吃得好 study well 学得好 b. well也可用作形容词，意思是身体好的。 eg. Andy is not well today. 安迪今天身体不舒服。 5. She is also good at jumping. （1）also“也”，放在肯定句中，用于be、情态动词动词之后，实义动词之前。 e.g. I am also a student. 我也是个学生。 We can also sing the song well. 我们也可以把这首歌唱好。He also wants to go to the park. 他也想去公园。 too“也”，放在肯定句末尾，用逗号与前句隔开。 e.g. I am a student，too. 我也是个学生。 either“也”放在否定句末尾，用逗号与前句隔开。 e.g. I dont like winter，either. 我也不喜欢冬天。 （2）be good at（doing）sth. =do well in 擅长做某事 be bad at （doing）sth. =do badly in 不擅长做某事 be good for（doing）sth. 对.有益 be bad for sth. 对.有害 be good with sth./sb. 善待某物/某人 6. There is going to be a school sports meet next weekend. there be句型的一般将来时 there is going to be will there be句型的进行时 there is/are sb. doing sth. e.g. There is a boy swimming in the river. 有一个男孩正在河里游泳。 7. She is going to take part in the high jump and the long jump. the high jump 跳高 the long jump 跳远 take part in = join in = be in 参加 8. They are sure that she will win. （1）be sure that+从句e.g. I am sure that he is right我确信他是对的。（2）sb. be sure to do sth某人一定会做某事。强调说话人的语气。 e.g. He is sure to win. 他一定会赢的。 （3）be sure ofabout sthdoing sth“确信”，表示主语对有把握。 e.g. I am sure of（about）the result. 我对这个结果很有把握。 （4）用在祈使句里Be sure(not)to do sth一定(不)做某事 e.g. Be sure to come here early一定要来早点儿。 9. do exercise = play sports 作运动，锻炼 exercise当作“锻炼”时，是不可数名词 exercise当作“操练”时，是可数名词， e.g. morning exercises早操 eye exercises 眼保健操10. Because it makes him strong and its popular all over the world.（1）make的用法a. make sbdo sth使某人做某事。e.g. Tom made the girl cry. Tom把这个女孩弄哭了。【拓展】let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 get sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事b.“make sb+形容词”使某人或某物处于某种状态。 e.g. I made him happy. 我让他很开心。c. make sthfor sbmake sbsth为某人制作 e.g. I made a card for you. = I made you a card. 我为你制作了一张卡片。（2）be/become popular with sb. 受某人的欢迎 e.g. TFBoys are very popular with the young people. TF少年很受年轻人的欢迎。（3）all over the world 全世界 all over 到处，遍及 11. help them relax help sb.（to）do sth. 帮助某人做某事 help sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事12. a good way to keep fit （1）a good way to do sth. 做某事的好方式 （2）keep fit=keep healthy 保持健康 【拓展】a. keep sb.+形容词 使某人保持某种状态 e.g. keep me strong 使我保持强壮b. keep doing sth. 坚持一直做某事Second D1. For the last 20 years，David Beckham was a very famous soccer player. （1）last 作形容词讲，意为“最近的，刚过去的” last 作动词讲，意为“持续” e.g. It can last about 5 seconds. 它大概可以持续5秒钟。 （2）be famous for 以.而著名 e.g. London is famous for the Big Ben. 伦敦以大本钟而著名。 be famous as 作为.而著名 e.g. He is famous as a writer. 他以一个作家的身份而著名。 2. He played with teams in England，Spain，America and Italy. play with teams 随队一起比赛 play with sth. 玩弄. play play with sb. 和.一起玩刷play against跟进行比赛play for为效力 3. He arrived in Beijing with his teammates yesterday. a. arrive 到达（不及物动词）arrive in+大地方（例如：国家，城市等）e.g. arrive in Shanghai arrive at+小地方（例如：学校，家，机场等）e.g. arri