2019高考英语词汇考查题型练Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars（含解析）.docx

Unit 4李仕才词汇考查+词汇应用必修三Unit 4 一、词汇复习（一）单句语法填空1 Human life is regarded as part of nature and，as such，the only way for us to survive is to live _harmony with nature. 答案：inin harmony with“与和谐共处”。句意：人的生命被看作是自然界的一部分；就这点而论，我们要存活下来的唯一方式就是与大自然和谐共处。2 He reported the case _ the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in a strange city. 答案：to句意为：他向警察报告了这个事件，然后孤独迷茫地坐在一个陌生的城市里。report.to.为固定搭配，意为“向报告”。3(2014福建，22改编)Our club is open to everyone regardless_age，sex or educational background. 答案：of句意为：我们的俱乐部向每个人开放，不管你的年龄、性别或教育背景。regardless of意为“不管；不顾”，为固定搭配。4(2014天津，6改编)In addition _the school，the village has a clinic，which was also built with government support. 答案：to句意为：除了学校之外，村子里还有一家诊所，它也是在政府的支持下建起来的。根据下文关键词also可知，学校也是政府开办的，故填to，in addition to意为“除了之外(还)”。5(2014浙江，10改编)While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything_ return. 答案：in句意为：当詹姆斯呆在这个村里的时候，他无私地把他有的所有东西与村民分享，不求任何回报。根据前面的单词unselfishly可知他这样做不图回报。in return为固定短语，意为“作为回报”。（二）英汉互译1、astronomy n. _1、 astronomer n. _2、 solar adj. _3、 system n. _4、 solar system _5、 religion n. _6、 theory n. _7、 Big Bang _8、 atom n. _9、 billion pron. & n. & adj_. 10、 globe n. _11、 global adj. _12、 violent adj. _13、 in time _14、 carbon n. _15、 nitrogen n. _16、 vapour n. _17、 atmosphere n. _18、 unlike prep. _19、 fundamental adj. _20、 presence n. _21、 dissolve vt. & vi. _22、 harmful adj_. 23、 acid n. _24、 chain n. _25、 reaction n. _26、 multiply vi. & vt. _27、 oxygen n. _28、 shellfish n. _29、 amphibian n. _30、 reptile n. _31、 lay eggs _32、 dinosaur n. _33、 exist vi. _34、 mammal n. _35、 give birth to _36、 thus adv. _37、 in ones turn _38、 dioxide n. _39、 carbon dioxide _40、 prevent . from _41、 puzzle n. vt. & vi. _42、 biology n. _ 43、 biologist n. _44、 gravity n. _45、 satellite n. _46、 gentle adj. _47、 geologist n. _48、 physicist n. _49、 block out_50、 extinct adj. _51、 climate n. _52、 comet n. _53、 crash vi. & vt. _54、 Isaac Newton_ 55、 Albert Einstein_56、 Stephen Hawking _57、 spaceship n. _58、 pull n. & vt_. 59、 lessen vi. & vt. 60、 cheer up 61、 float vi. & vt. n. 62、 weightlessly adv. 63、 cabin n. 64、 mass n. 65、 now that66、 get the hang of 67、 break out 68、 exhaust vt. 69、 watch out二、完形填空There was once a widow who had two daughters.The _1_ widow loved the elder who was like herself both in looks and personality，but didnt love the other，who resembled her _2_，although she was pretty and friendly.The younger daughter had to _3_ hard all day and live upon the leftovers of her elder sister.Among her other _4_ jobs，she was forced to carry water every day _5_.One day _6_ she had just filled her pot at the fountain，an old trembling woman asked her for a drink of water.Glad to show a kindness to the old woman，she _7_.Now，all of a sudden，there was no old trembling woman but a(n)_8_ who rewarded good deeds before her.“Your face is pretty _9_ your heart is gentle，” said she.“For your kindness，I will make you a gift.Every time you speak，from your mouth shall come a flower or a jewel.”When the girl reached home，her ill mother _10_ her for her long absence.“Pardon me for being away so long，” she replied.As she spoke some pearls and diamonds dropped from her _11_.“What is this I see，child？” asked the _12_ widow.The poor girl was so happy to be _13_ child by her mother that she eagerly told her mother about her _14_ with the old woman at the fountain.The widow immediately _15_ her favorite daughter to do as the _16_ girl had done.When the impatient girl was filling the pot with water at the _17_，a beautiful lady appeared and _18_ a drink of water from the girl.“I have not come here to serve you，” she _19_ replied.The lady，who was the fairy，said，“I will make you a gift to _20_ your rudeness.Every time you speak，from your mouth shall come a snake or a toad(蟾蜍)”1A.goodtempered BbadtemperedCkind Dbeautiful2A.daughter BteacherCmother Dfather3A.complain BplayCwork Dstudy4A.easy BhardCinteresting Dboring5A.within reachBwith easeCwithout hesitationDfrom a great distance6A.when BwhileConce Dbefore7A.hesitated BagreedCleft Dargued8A.boy Bold womanCold man Dfairy9A.although BbutCwhile Dand10A.scolded BpraisedCthanked Dforgave11A.waist BhairClips Dhands12A.amused BinterestedCastonished Dfrightened13A.awarded BcalledCshowed Dtaught14A.difficulty BthoughtCexperiment Dexperience15A.advised BgotCforced Dinvited16A.slim BtallCelder Dpoor17A.river BpoolCfountain Dwell18A.asked for Basked ofCasked about Dasked after19A.rudely BjokinglyCproudly Dhurriedly20A.deserve BfaceCequal Drepay【解题导语】本文主要讲述了两个性格和外表不同的姐妹对给予他人帮助的不同反应及她们得到的相应的结果，彰显了善有善报的道理。1B根据下文中的“her ill mother”并结合下文她训斥小女儿可推知，她脾气不好。2D根据语境中的转折可知，此处与“herself”形成对比。小女儿不像她而是像父亲。3C根据下文中的“Among her other _4_ jobs，she was forced to carry water every day _5_”并结合“live upon the leftovers of her elder sister”可推知，小女儿整天要做许多工作，靠吃姐姐的剩饭菜生活。4B根据上文中的“The younger daughter had to _3_ hard all day”可推知，小女儿的工作都很辛苦，很累人。5D根据本段的整体内容可知，小女儿过得很艰难。由“she was forced to carry water every day”可推知，小女儿还得每天从很远的地方挑水，这与其艰难的生活境况呼应。6A此处应用when引导定语从句，在从句中作时间状语，修饰先行词One day。7B根据空前的“Glad to show a kindness to the old woman”可推知，小女儿答应了老妇人的请求。8D根据下文的“The lady，who was the fairy”可推知，老妇人是仙女变过来的。9D根据语境可知，空处前后句表示逻辑上的并列关系，故选D。10A与“her ill mother”和“her long absence”呼应并结合下文小女儿的道歉可知，此处表示小女儿受到母亲的训斥。11C根据上文中的“Every time you speak，from your mouth shall come a flower or a jewel”可知，小女儿以后说话会口吐花儿或者宝石，故选C。lip“嘴唇”，符合语境。12C小女儿突然口吐珍珠和宝石，她的母亲自然很吃惊。astonished“吃惊的”。13B根据上文中的“What is this I see，child”可推知，寡妇很震惊，对小女儿的态度突然转变，柔和了很多，称她为“孩子”。14D小女儿迫切地将自己遇到仙女的经历告诉了母亲。experience“经历”。15Bget sb.to do sth.意为“让某人做某事”，符合语境。16D与上文中的“The poor girl”呼应可推知，这里指可怜的小女儿。17C 与上文中的“One day _6_ she had just filled her pot at the fountain”呼应可推知，大女儿也来到喷泉那里。18A 与上文中的“an old trembling woman asked her for a drink of water”呼应可推知，一个漂亮的女士向大女儿讨水喝。19A与下文中的“your rudeness”呼应可推知，当时大女儿举止很粗鲁，与上文的“the impatient girl”呼应，故选A。20C结合语境可知，此处表示仙女要送给大女儿一份与她的粗鲁相匹配的礼物。equal“比得上”。三、短文改错Recently，a famous basketball player has caused public angry by writing on the Great Wall.In the fact，this happens in many place of interest. I had some suggestions to solve this problem.First，make more posters to inform the public the damage of graffiti (涂鸦)Besides，punishments，such as a fine，is necessary to tourists with so bad behavior. Also，I think its helpfully to put up some boards along the tourist attractions that tourists can leave messages.Im sure with our efforts，more and more people will become concerning about protecting cultural relics.【答案】Recently，a famous basketball player has caused public by writing on the Great Wall.In fact，this happens in many of interest.I some suggestions to solve this problem.First，make more posters to inform the public the damage of graffiti (涂鸦)Besides，punishments，such as a fine， necessary to tourists with bad behavior. Also