AIX 5L网卡管理与配置.doc

AIX 5L网卡管理与配置AIX中查看系统中的网卡设备#lsdev -Cc adapter | grep entent0 Available 00-08 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-X Adapter (14106902)ent1 Available 07-08 2-Port 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-X Adapter (14108902)ent2 Available 07-09 2-Port 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-X Adapter (14108902)ent3 Available 0B-08 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-X Adapter (14106902)ent4 Available EtherChannel / IEEE 802.3ad Link Aggregation从上面可以看出，系统中共有四块网卡(ent0ent3，而ent4是由多块网卡绑定出来的虚拟网卡EtherChannel. 那么，四块网卡具体是插在哪个插槽上的呢？ #lsslot -c pci | grep entU787B.001.DNW6FCB-P1-C2 PCI-X capable, 64 bit, 133MHz slot ent3 U787B.001.DNW6FCB-P1-C3 PCI-X capable, 64 bit, 266MHz slot ent0上述命令显示的是插在PCI插槽上的两块网卡，都是在第一个PCI笼子中，分别在第二个和第三个插槽。另外两块则是主板上内置的网卡，不是插在PCI槽上的。#lscfg -v | grep entModel Implementation: Multiple Processor, PCI busent1 U787B.001.DNW6FCB-P1-T9 2-Port 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-X Adapter (14108902)ent2 U787B.001.DNW6FCB-P1-T10 2-Port 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-X Adapter (14108902)ent3 U787B.001.DNW6FCB-P1-C2-T1 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-X Adapter (14106902)ent0 U787B.001.DNW6FCB-P1-C3-T1 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-X Adapter (14106902)AIX中，一个网卡在系统中实际上可以看到两个设备接口，en开头的是Ethernet II标准的，et开头的是IEEE 802.3标准的。以太网的帧有两种标准：Ethernet II(或者叫Standard Ethernet)和IEEE802.3，两者主要是标志帧的上层协议的方式不一样，Ethernet II使用了一个TYPE值表示，而IEEE802.3则使用一个数据LENGTH表示。一般来说，Ethernnet II更常用。#lsdev -Cc ifen0 Defined 00-08 Standard Ethernet Network Interfaceen1 Defined 07-08 Standard Ethernet Network Interfaceen2 Defined 07-09 Standard Ethernet Network Interfaceen3 Defined 0B-08 Standard Ethernet Network Interfaceen4 Available Standard Ethernet Network Interfaceet0 Defined 00-08 IEEE 802.3 Ethernet Network Interfaceet1 Defined 07-08 IEEE 802.3 Ethernet Network Interfaceet2 Defined 07-09 IEEE 802.3 Ethernet Network Interfaceet3 Defined 0B-08 IEEE 802.3 Ethernet Network Interfaceet4 Defined IEEE 802.3 Ethernet Network Interfacelo0 Available Loopback Network Interface其中lo0表示本地回环接口，也就是127.0.0.1查看某块网卡的具体属性#lsattr -El ent1alt_addr 0x000000000000 Alternate ethernet address Truebusintr 273 Bus interrupt level Falsebusmem 0xf8120000 Bus memory address Falsechksum_offload yes Enable hardware transmit and receive checksum Truecompat_mode no Gigabit Backward compatability Truecopy_bytes 2048 Copy packet if this many or less bytes Truedelay_open no Enable delay of open until link state is known Truefailback yes Enable auto failback to primary Truefailback_delay 15 Failback to primary delay timer Truefailover disable Enable failover mode Trueflow_ctrl yes Enable Transmit and Receive Flow Control Trueintr_priority 3 Interrupt priority Falseintr_rate 10000 Max rate of interrupts generated by adapter Truejumbo_frames no Transmit jumbo frames Truelarge_send yes Enable hardware TX TCP resegmentation Truemedia_speed Auto_Negotiation Media speed Truerom_mem 0xf80c0000 ROM memory address Falserx_hog 1000 Max rcv buffers processed per rcv interrupt Truerxbuf_pool_sz 2048 Rcv buffer pool, make 2X rxdesc_que_sz Truerxdesc_que_sz 1024 Rcv descriptor queue size Trueslih_hog 10 Max Interrupt events processed per interrupt Truetx_que_sz 8192 Software transmit queue size Truetxdesc_que_sz 512 TX descriptor queue size Trueuse_alt_addr no Enable alternate ethernet address True查看某个网卡设备接口的属性#lsattr -El en0alias4 IPv4 Alias including Subnet Mask Truealias6 IPv6 Alias including Prefix Length Truearp on Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Trueauthority Authorized Users Truebroadcast Broadcast Address Truemtu 1500 Maximum IP Packet Size for This Device Truenetaddr Internet Address Truenetaddr6 IPv6 Internet Address Truenetmask Subnet Mask Trueprefixlen Prefix Length for IPv6 Internet Address Trueremmtu 576 Maximum IP Packet Size for REMOTE Networks Truerfc1323 Enable/Disable TCP RFC 1323 Window Scaling Truesecurity none Security Level Truestate down Current Interface Status Truetcp_mssdflt Set TCP Maximum Segment Size Truetcp_nodelay Enable/Disable TCP_NODELAY Option Truetcp_recvspace Set Socket Buffer Space for Receiving Truetcp_sendspace Set Socket Buffer Space for Sending True#lsattr -El et0alias4 IPv4 Alias including Subnet Mask Truealias6 IPv6 Alias including Prefix Length Truearp on Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Trueauthority Authorized Users Truebroadcast Broadcast Address Truemtu 1492 Maximum IP Packet Size for This Device Truenetaddr Internet Address Truenetaddr6 IPv6 Internet Address Truenetmask Subnet Mask Trueprefixlen Prefix Length for IPv6 Internet Address Trueremmtu 576 Maximum IP Packet Size for REMOTE Networks Truerfc1323 Enable/Disable TCP RFC 1323 Window Scaling Truesecurity none Security Level Truestate down Current Interface Status Truetcp_mssdflt Set TCP Maximum Segment Size Truetcp_nodelay Enable/Disable TCP_NODELAY Option Truetcp_recvspace Set Socket Buffer Space for Receiving Truetcp_sendspace Set Socket Buffer Space for Sending True修改接口属性，比如设置IP和子网掩码#chdev -l en1 -a netaddr=192.168.1.1 -a netmask=255.255.255.0而ifconfig只能查看和修改网线已经连接好的网卡信息#ifconfig -aen4: flags=5e080863,c0 inet 192.168.1.1 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.1.255 tcp_sendspace 131072 tcp_recvspace 65536lo0: flags=e08084b inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 0xff000000 broadcast 127.255.255.255 inet6 :1/0 tcp_sendspace 131072 tcp_recvspace 131072 rfc1323 1如果使用ifconfig操作没有连接网络的网卡则会报错#ifconfig en1 up0821-510 ifconfig: error calling entry point for /usr/lib/drivers/if_en: The specified device does not exist.smit操作网卡相关命令通过lsdev命令可以看到网卡的个数与类型#lsdev -Cc adapter|grep ent ent0 Available 08-08 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-X Adapter (14106902) ent1 Available 0B-08 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-X Adapter (14106902) ent2 Available EtherChannel / IEEE 802.3ad Link Aggregation ent3 Available 0I-08 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-X Adapter (14106902)如，从上面可以看到，en0/1/3是千兆网卡，而ent2则是绑定过的网卡（不是真实的网卡），这个就是EtherChannel (TM), 建立在802.3 快速以太网标准之上，提供了把多个以太网接口的带宽聚合起来的能力。IBM 在AIX上对 Cisco的 EtherChannel 的实现是，把2至4个物理接口（或适配器）定义为一个逻辑接口或通道。这个逻辑接口或通道对上层应用来讲就象是一个以太网接口。如果想查看以上三个真实的网卡具体在哪个插槽上，可以用如下命令#lsslot -c pci|grep ent U5791.001.9180185-P1-C04 PCI-X capable, 64 bit, 133MHz slot ent0 U5791.001.9180185-P2-C02 PCI-X capable, 64 bit, 133MHz slot ent1 U5791.001.9180185-P2-C06 PCI-X capable, 64 bit, 133MHz slot ent3其中，P1 表示第一个PCI笼子，P2表示第二个PCI笼子，C04，C02等则表示在该笼子中对应的是第几个糟位，编号从1开始。在590/595中，对应的背板位置则从左到右的顺序。而550等机型则可以看面板上的标签。当然，如果想查看任意网卡的详细信息，可以使用lscfg命令，如#lscfg -vl ent0 ent0 U5791.001.9180185-P1-C04-T1 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-X Adapter (14106902) 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-X Adapter: Part Number.00P6130 FRU Number.00P6130 EC Level.H12818 Manufacture ID.YL1021 Network Address.001125081671 ROM Level (alterable).GOL021 Device Specific.(YL).U5791.001.9180185-P1-C04-T1上面详细的限制了网卡的位置，速度类型，型号，网络地址等详细信息。查看网卡的工作模式，可以用如下命令#netstat -v ent3 | grep -p “Specific Statistics” 10/100/1000 Base-TX PCI-X Adapter (14106902) Specific Statistics: - Link Status: Up Media Speed Selected: Auto negotiation Media Speed Running: 1000 Mbps Full Duplex PCI Mode: PCI-X (100-133) PCI Bus Width: 64-bit 可以看到红色字体上显示的1000全双工，如果是千兆网卡，则表示网卡工作正常。全双工表示同时发送与接收包，而半双工需要分成两次完成，所以半双工将有很大的性能损耗，如果是连接到交换机，必须要求这里是全双工。查看网卡的IP可以用ifconfig或者是netstat，如#ifconfig -a en3: flags=5e080863,c0 inet 192.168.166.151 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.166.255 tcp_sendspace 131072 tcp_recvspace 65536 en2: flags=4e080863,c0 inet 192.168.167.151 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.167.255 inet 192.168.168.151 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.168.255 tcp_sendspace 131072 tcp_recvspace 65536 lo0: flags=e08084b inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 0xff000000 broadcast 127.255.255.255 inet6 :1/0 tcp_sendspace 65536 tcp_recvspace 65536#netstat -in Name Mtu Network Address Ipkts Ierrs Opkts Oerrs Coll en3 1500 link#2 0.11.25.8.4a.b6 5906447 0 2316411 4 0 en3 1500 192.168.166 192.168.166.151 5906447 0 2316411 4 0 en2 1500 link#3 0.11.25.8.4b.55 1343342735 0 3557846711 3 0 en2 1500 192.168.167 192.168.167.151 1343342735 0 3557846711 3 0 en2 1500 192.168.168 192.168.168.151 1343342735 0 3557846711 3 0 lo0 16896 link#1 1057732 0 1071241 0 0 lo0 16896 127 127.0.0.1 1057732 0 1071241 0 0 lo0 16896 :1 1057732 0 1071241 0 0注意，以上的是en2，en3，这里需要说明的是，ent0其实可以分成en0与et0，分别代表以太网第二版与IEEE 802.3接口。详细属性同样可以通过如下命令查看#lsattr -El ent0#lsattr -El en0#lsattr -El et0如果想给网卡配置IP地址，可以用smit chinet或者#chdev -l en1 -a netaddr=10.0.100.151 -a netmask=255.255.255.0取消IP地址#chdev -l en1 -a netaddr=” -a netmask=”第一次操作，可以用smit tcpip来完成配置工作更简单一些#smit tcpip 选择Minimum Configuration & Startup如果想修改网卡的工作模式，可以用如下步骤完成#chdev -l en1 -a state=down #chdev -l en1 -a state=detach#chdev -l ent1 -a media_speed=Auto_Negotiation#chdev -l en1 -a state=up其中停止与启动网卡可以用smit chinet代替，修改工作模式可以用smit chgenet代替完成。 详细显示网络接口状态# entstat -d ent0 | grep -i statusRJ45 Port Link Status : up# entstat -d ent0-ETHERNET STATISTICS (ent0) :Device Type: IBM 10/100 Mbps Ethernet PCI Adapter (23100020)Hardware Address: 00:02:55:09:75:b2Elapsed Time: 0 days 2 hours 54 minutes 5 secondsTransmit Statistics: Receive Statistics:- -Packets: 5048 Packets: 13965Bytes: 1224334 Bytes: 1008055Interrupts: 14 Interrupts: 13922Transmit Errors: 0 Receive Errors: 0Packets Dropped: 0 Packets Dropped: 0 Bad Packets: 0Max Packets on S/W Transmit Queue: 23 S/W Transmit Queue Overflow: 0Current S/W+H/W Transmit Queue Length: 1Broadcast Packets: 7 Broadcast Packets: 6611Multicast Packets: 2 Multicast Packets: 2No Carrier Sense: 0 CRC Errors: 0DMA Underrun: 0 DMA Overrun: 0Lost CTS Errors: 0 Alignment Errors: 0Max Collision Errors: 0 No Resource Errors: 0Late Collision Errors: 0 Receive Collision Errors: 0Deferred: 0 Packet Too Short Errors: 0SQE Test: 0 Packet Too Long Errors: 0Timeout Errors: 0 Packets Discarded by Adapter: 0Single Collision Count: 0 Receiver