陕西省余姚市高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解练习题.doc

浙江余姚市2016高考英语阅读理解（二轮）练习题阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。feeling blue about the world ? “cheer up，” says science writer matt ridley.“the world has never been a better place to live in，and it will keep on getting better both for humans and for nature.”ridley calls himself a rational optimistrational，because hes carefully weighed the evidence optimistic，because that evidence shows human progress to be both unavoidable and good. and this is what hes set out to prove from a unique point of view in his most recent book the rational optimist. he views mankind as a grand enterprise that，on the whole，has done little but progress for 100, 000 years.he backs his findings with hard facts gathered through years of research.heres how he explains his views.1)shopping fuels inventionit is reported that there are more than ten billion different products for sale in london alone.even allowing for the many people who still live in poverty，our own generation has access to more nutritious food，more convenient transport，bigger houses，better cars，and of course，more pounds and dollars than any who lived before us .this will continue as long as we use these things to make other things.the more we specialize and exchange，the better off well be.2) brilliant advancesone reason we are richer，healthier，taller，cleverer，longerlived and freer than ever before is that the four most basic human needsfood，clothing，fuel and shelterhave grown a lot cheaper.take one example.in 1800 a candle providing one hours light cost six hours work.in the 1880s the same light from an oil lamp took 15 minutes work to pay for.in 1950 it was eight seconds.today its half second.3) lets not kill ourselves for climate changemitigating(减轻) climate change could prove just as damaging to human welfare as climate change itself.a child that dies from indoor smoke in a village，where the use of fassilfuel(化石燃料) electricity is forbidden by wellmeaning members of green political movements trying to save the world，is just as great a tragedy as a child that dies in a flood caused by climate change.if climaic change proves to be mild，but cutting carbon causes real pain，we may well find that we have stopped a nosebleed by putting a tourniquet(止血带) around our necks.人类的进步是无法阻挡的，是令人乐观。在理性的乐观主义者一书中，作者阐述了自己对于生活中的乐观现象，并且对于购物这样普通的日常行为所带来的积极影响都做了详尽的分析和描述。1what is the theme of ridleys most recent book?aweakness of human nature.bconcern about climate change.cimportance of practical thinking.doptimism about human progress.答案：d。理解判断题。从第二段的前两句话中，反复提到一个关键词“optimistic”以及信息句“because that evidence shows.”；另外，“this is what hes set out to prove.”一句也正好清楚的表明了作者在本书中所以阐述的正是这个话题，正是与选项d的说法是一致的，即：人类的进步总是不可避免的。2how does ridley look at shopping?ait encourages the creation of things.bit results in shortage of goods.cit demands more fossil fuels.dit causes a poverty problem.答案：a。细节判断题。从“shopping fuels invention”一段正是反映了ridley的观点：购物能够激发创造发明。选项a与之相吻合。3the candle and lamp example is used to show that _.aoil lamps give off more light than candlesbshortening working time brings about a happier lifecadvanced technology helps to produce better candlesdincreased production rate leads to lower cost of goods答案：d。细节判断题。根据brilliant advances 一段中的“take one example”一句很明显的确定为：作者拿蜡烛与灯的比较与变化正是为了前面他所提到的看法，故与选项d的说法是一致的。4what does the last sentence of the passage imply?acutting carbon is necessary in spite of the huge cost.boverreaction to climate change may be dangerous.cpeoples health is closely related to climate change.dcareless medical treatment may cause great pain.答案：b。推理判断题。根据最后一句话中的“cutting carbon causes real pain”可以排除选项a与c的说法，因为它们大相径庭；而根据“putting. around our necks”一句可以表明选项d中“careless”一词运用不当，是不符合语境的。故只有选项b是最正确的。【2014模拟】阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。 justin and brandy besemer were newly married and trying to pay off their wedding debt when they decided their family needed a dog an american bulldog named kaila. thus started one of their first arguments. brandy, who had never raised a dog before, wanted to spend a little over $ 300 a year buying pet insurance. justin, who had always kept dogs, thought it was a waste of money.“his parents told me this horror story that made me insist we get it, ” explained brandy, 28. “they were talking about their dog having to have a knee replaced and it cost them like $ 2,000. we couldnt afford that. i just didnt want to get a dog if i couldnt afford to take care of it. ”when kaila chewed up a string of christmas lights a few months later, landing the dog in an emergency veterinary center, the santa monica couple was relieved that brandy had gained the upper hand. when they found that the dog had infections and food allergies, they realized that without the insurance they wouldnt have been able to afford treatment for kaila.“we joke that shes our little lemon, ” brandy said. “this is the longest weve gone without having to take her to the vet, and its been maybe three weeks.”although the besemers are delighted that they spent the money buying pet insurance,plenty of experts agree with justins first assessment: its a waste of money. if the couple had a different policy or a different temper, it might be. however, as is true with many personal finance decisions, the smart choice on pet insurance is a personal one.in general, experts claim that its wasteful to insure against risks that are not catastrophic. it doesnt make sense, for example, to buy pet insurance to pay for routine medical issues such as injections and checkups. thats because youll pay roughly as much for the coverage as the treatment. whether it makes sense to buy a policy for major medical bills relies on two things: emotion and finances.if you would be emotionally ruined to lose a pet simply because you couldnt afford to treat it and a $ 5 ,000 vet bill would be more than your budget could take you might want to consider a policy. but if you have the resources to pay for emergency vet care or wouldnt be saddened to lose a pet if you didnt you could skip pet insurance.51. what did justin and brandy besemer argue about?a. the way of setting aside money.b. the possibility of adopting a dog.c. the necessity of buying pet insurance.d. the burden of paying off their debt.52. according to the passage, who valued brandys choice on pet insurance?a. the vet. b.the experts. c. justins parents. d. brandys mother.53. according to the passage, experts argue that pets _. a. are unlikely to suffer serious diseasesb. might have a temper similar to their ownersc. will waste their owners large sums of moneyd. impose a negative effect on their owners emotion54. according to the passage, what decides whether to buy pet insurance?a. budget and emotion. b. injections and checkups.c. risks and benefits. d. emergencies and treatment.【参考答案】5154、 ccaa 【2014模拟题】阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。there are robot cleaners and robot mops to help us around the house, so why not a robot to build our homes? wait no longer. now there is a set of electronics to do just that, build a house from scratch, and fast.forget weeks to find a builder and months for house construction; a machine developed in the united states can build a 232 sqm home layer by layer in a single day. university of southern californias professor behrokh khoshnevis has designed the giant robot that replaces construction workers with a mouth on an arm of crane, which spits out concrete and can quickly build a home according to a computer pattern. the technology, known as contour (轮廓) crafting, could revolutionize the construction industry.contour crafting could greatly decrease the cost of homeowning, making it possible for millions of displaced people to get on the property ladder. it could even be used in disaster relief areas to build emergency and replacement housing. as prof khoshnevis points out, if you look around you almost everything is made automatically these days, “your shoes, your clothes, home appliances, your car. the only thing that is still built by hand are these buildings”.the contour crafting system is a robot that automates age-old tools normally used by hand. these are applied by a robotic crane that builds a three-dimensional object. the nature of the technology means it will also be possible to create curved walls and architecture that is both “exotic(异国情调的)and beautiful” according to prof khoshnevis. as a result, it could be ideal to print out expensive homes according to customers demands.furthermore, prof khoshnevis believes that the technology could be applied beyond our planet. “contour crafting technology has the potential to build safe, reliable, and affordable structures, habitats, laboratories, and other facilities on the moon and mars before the arrival of human beings,” his website reads.according to the international labour organisation construction employs nearly 110 million people worldwide and “plays a major role in fighting the high levels of unemployment and in absorbing extra labour from the rural areas.” what the implications are for builders is, of course, a major concern. but khoshnevis says “the reality is that a lot of new jobs can be created in this field as well.” instead of building the house workmen are used to maintain the machine.55. which advantage does the giant robot have for the consumers?a. it saves a great deal of time.b. it decorates houses beautifully.c. it provides energy-saving apartments.d. it builds environmentally friendly houses.56. the underlined part “to get on the property ladder” (in para. 3 ) means “_”.a. to print objects b.to predict disastersc. to purchase a house d. to accumulate wealth57. the new construction technology can satisfy the needs of _.a. low-income residents b. wealthy immigrantsc. middle-income people d. people at different income levels58. what influence will contour crating have on construction industry?a. many construction workers will lose jobs.b. construction workers will update their skills.c. more rural people will engage in construction.d. professionals will be hired to make robot builders.【参考答案】5558 、abbd 【湖北省武汉市2014模拟】阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。fed up with your desk-bound job? wish you spent your days being well treated instead? dream of being paid to travel across the globe living the life of luxury?your dream could well become a reality because one luxury website has posted a job application for a lucky individual to test the luxury life, which will involve sampling the finest products and experiences that the world is launching.according to website veryfirstto, which is offering the position, the living luxury executive will dine at the best new restaurants, resting in the fanciest hotels, dress in fantastic jewels, road test the most advanced cars, and play with the most complicated tech products.the living luxury executive will be responsible for evaluating each experience and reporting back to veryfirstto, a members-only luxury gift website that sells the worlds finest products and labels itself“the first website for individuals to learn about, and have, newly launching luxury products and experiences.”newly launching brands that appear on veryfirstto and are candidates for testing include: alexander mcqueen, apple, bentley, cartier, christian louboutin, jimmy choo, fine japanese eatery nobu and the well-known shangri-la hotel.speaking about the ideal candidate, the recruiter(招聘者)said:“the ideal candidate would be an early adopter, familiar with fashion, cooking and technology, and have experience of the luxury market. ” candidates must be able to “distinguish between the roar of a bentley and a lexus engine”, according to the job requirements.a spokesman for the website told the guardian(卫报):“we will definitely be appointing someone. it is not a trick merely to catch eyes. as for the salary, it is negotiable and we have not set it. there will be an ongoing contract and, depending upon the salary asked for, it can be anything from four days a week to less.”despite the position never being actually advertised, word spread across the globe and within days 1,000 applications have been received. besides a mass of approaches from uk residents, veryfirstto has been coping with the growing number of applicants around the world with many offering to relocate and others stating they would even do the job for free.and it seems that candidates are confident in their abilities with attitudes expressed alongside applications including:“ i live in a large country garden, importing best quality beef from america. ive owned and flown private jets and helicopters. ”59. from where did the people know the position as the living luxury executive first?a. from veryfirstto. b. from the guardian.c. from the spokesman. d. from the travel magazine.60. according to the passage, veryfirstto aims at_.a. employing sales staffb. assessing job applicantsc. issuing job advertisementsd. selling luxury products and service61. from the passage we know the applicants for the job_.a. doesnt care about their salaryb. come from different countriesc. must know how to pilot a planed. have never lived the luxury life62. what is the purpose of writing the passage?a. to encourage online shopping.b. to promote the finest products.c. to introduce a new occupation.d. to advocate an alternative lifestyle.【参考答案】5962 、bdca阅读理解。there were smiling children all the way. charily they knew at what time the train passed their homes and they made it their business to stand along the railway, wave to complete strangers and cheer them up as they rushed towards penang. often whole families stood outside their homes and waved and smiled as if those on the trains were their favorite relatives. this is the simple village people of malaysia. i was moved. i had always traveled to malaysia by plane or car, so this was the first time i was on a train. i did not particularly relish the long train journey and had brought along a dozen magazines to read and reread. i looked about the train. there was not one familiar face. i sighed and sat down to read my economics. it was not long before the train was across the causeway and in malaysia. johor bauru was just another city like singapore, so i was tired of looking at the crowds of people as they hurried past. as we went beyond the city, i watched the straight rows of rubber trees and miles and miles of green. then the first village came into sight, immediately i came alive; i decided to wave hack. from then on my journey became interesting. i threw my magazines into the waste basket and decided to join in malaysian life. then everything came alive. the mountains seemed to speak to