专题——一般现在时.doc

年 级初二学 科英语版 本上海牛津版内容标题寒假专题一般现在时编稿老师马霄骁【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：寒假专题一般现在时1. 基本用法：1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。 时间状语：every, at, on Sunday，always, often, usually, sometimes, every day 等时间状语连用。如：We go to school by bus every day. 每天我们乘公共汽车上学。He often swims in the river. 他常在河里游泳。I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 3) 在格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 I dont want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now. 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back.第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。 2.一些表示短暂动作的动词1）有些动词表示极短暂的动作，可称为短暂动词，它们也常可以用在一般现在时中，如：I declare Mr. Schiff elected. 我宣布希弗先生当选。I advise that you leave at once. 我劝你们马上离开。I suggest that we have lunch now. 我建议现在就吃午饭。I promise Ill never conceal anything any more. 我答应再也不隐瞒什么。This, I admit, was wrong. 我承认这是不对的。I flatly refuse to do what he says. 我断然拒绝照他的话做。 I regret my bad action. 我懊悔我的不良行为。I enclose a check here with. 随信附上一张支票。I send here with the catalogue. 现寄上书目。Its a lovely place. I agree. 这是个美丽的地方。 我有同感。Your attitude simply amazes me. 你的态度简直使我吃惊。You surprise me. 你吓我一跳。这类动词一般不宜用于进行时，谈现在情况时， 用一般现在时更自然一些。2）讲书面材料的内容：Ive just got a letter from Helen. She says shes coming to India next week. 我刚收到海伦的一封信，她说下星期要来印度。What does the notice say? It says, “No parking.” 告示说什么？ 说“禁止泊车”Shakespeare says, “Neither a borrower nor a lender be.” 莎士比亚（在书中）说，“既不要向人借钱，也不要借钱给人。”A notice at the end of the road warns people not to go any further. 路尽头有个告示，警告路人不要再往前走。Chaucer writes that love is blind. 乔叟写道，爱情是盲目的。3）用来指引道路：“How do I get to the station?” “You go straight on to the traffic lights, then you turn right.”“火车站怎么走？”“你径直往前走，到红绿灯处往右拐。”4）图片说明：The Queen arrives for the opening of Parliament. 女王出席议会开幕式。5）用在here和there后面:Here comes the bus! 公共汽车来了！There goes the bell. 铃响了。3. 一般现在时表示将来情况1）在口语中， 一般现在时可以表示按规定、计划或时间表要发生的事情， 通常都有一个表示未来时间的状语：The plane takes off at 9:20 a.m. 飞机早上九点二十分起飞。Their delegation arrives here tomorrow afternoon. 他们的代表团明天下午到达。Im in my office from two to five this afternoon. 今天下午两点到五点我在办公室。When does the play begin? 戏几点开始？The train leaves in five minutes time. 火车五分钟后出发。Are you free tonight? 今晚你有空吗？有时可以用一般现在时叙述整个计划：We leave London at 10:00 next Tuesday and arrive in Paris at 13:00. We spend two hours in Paris and leave again at 15:00. We arrive in Rome at 19:30, spend four hours in Rome.我们下周二上午十点离开伦敦，下午一点抵达巴黎。在巴黎停留两个小时，三点再次出发。晚七点半到达罗马，在罗马呆四个小时。2）在时间或条件从句中，须用一般现在时表示将来动作：If I see Nancy Ill ask her. 如果我见到南希我会问她。Ill discuss this with you when we meet. 我们见面时我将和你商讨此事。Ill tell her after you leave. 你走之后我再告诉她。Well let you know as soon as you arrive. 你一到我们就告诉你。In case I forget, please remind me about it. 万一我忘了，请提醒我。I wont write unless he writes first. 除非他先来信，否则我不会给他写信。3）还有其他一些从句中，可以用一般现在时表示将来动作：I hope that you feel better soon. 我希望不久你就能感觉好一点。Suppose he doesnt come, shall we go without him? 假如他不来，我们就自己去吗？Assuming it rains tomorrow, what shall we do? 假定明天下雨，我们该怎么办？Ill just say whatever comes into my mind. 我将想到什么就说什么。Come and stay as long as you please. 你来爱待多久就待多久。Ill get the car fixed no matter how much it costs. 不管花多少钱我都得让人把车修好。Whatever happens, Im going. 不管发生什么情况我都要去。However long you argue, you will never convince him. 不管辩论多久，你永远说服不了他。4. 一般现在时表示过去动作1）有少数动词（如say, tell, hear等）可以用一般现在时表示过去发生的情况：He says he cant wait any longer. 他说他不能再等了。My friends tell me that youve been unwell. 我的朋友告诉我你身体欠佳。I hear you want a secretary. 我听说你需要一位秘书。I learn that this boy is in business in Cape Town. 我听说这小伙子在开普敦做生意。I forget the mans name. 这人的名字我忘了。这是因为这类动词发生的时间在说话人的脑中已很模糊，他想表达的是后面谈的情况。2）在下面情况下也常用一般现在时表示过去的动作：a. 故事性读物中戏剧性的描绘（用一般现在时可给人以历历在目的印象）：They threaten to shoot, but the marchers can not be stopped. The unarmed workers press on and on. 他们威胁着要开枪，却没法挡住游行者，手无寸铁的工人们不断向前逼进。The crowd swarms around the gateway, excitement grows as the pop star appears. 人群聚集在大门口，当那位通俗歌星出现时，众人情绪高涨。这种用法可以称为戏剧性的现在时。b. 用在报纸标题中：MASS MURDERER ESCAPE 大屠杀凶犯在逃PEACE TALKS FALL 和谈失败情节业已发生而用一般现在时，可使标题生动。c. 用在小说章节的标题中：VII Go to Bristol 第七章 去布里斯托尔途中【模拟试题】（答题时间：45分钟）一.选择填空 （ ） 1. Father usually _ his newspaper after dinner.A. read B. reads C. reading D. is reading（ ） 2. The Blacks often _ to the cinema on Saturday evenings.A. go B. goes C. is going D. are going（ ） 3.Look! The boy _ with his mother in the pool.A. is swimming B. is swiming C. are swimming D. are swiming （ ） 4. What is Tom doing in the classroom? He _ something on the blackboard.A. draws B. draw C. is drawing D. are drawing.（ ）5.Old Tom usually _ up at six and _ sports in the garden.A. get, do B. gets, does C. get, does D. gets, do（ ） 6. Its ten oclock and Jack_ still(仍然)_his homework.A. is, do B. is, doing C. are, do D. are, doing（ ） 7. The waiters _ to work at five every morning.A. start B. starts C. starting D. are starting（ ） 8.I _ a letter, so I cant go out with you.A. is writing B. am writing C. am writeing D. am writting 二、句型转换1. Theres some meat and vegetables in the hamburger. (变一般疑问句,作否定回答)2. She has some red skirts and green scarves.(变成否定句)3. My mom is cooking. (变成一般疑问句并且作肯定回答)4. He is playing tennis with me. (变成一般疑问句并且作否定回答)5. He does some cleaning every day. (变成否定句)6. They are reading the newspaper. (对划线部分提问)7. I am swimming. (对划线部分提问)8. I am swimming at the swimming pool. (对划线部分提问)9. I am swimming because its too hot. (对划线部分提问)10. I am swimming with my father. (对划线部分提问)11. I am swimming. (对划线部分提问)12. I usually swim in summer. (对划线部分提问)三、阅读分析(A)When we want to go to work, go sightseeing or go shopping, we may go by bus, by subway, by taxi, by bike, on foot or by other means. But we sometimes have traffic jams(阻塞). When busy streets are crowded with traffic, cars, buses and trains move along slowly. If possible, people would rather take the subway because it never has to stop for traffic jams. Is there anything better than the subway?Do you know what the word maglev stands for? Maglev is short for magnetic levitation(磁力悬浮火车), a special type of train. Some people call it aerotrain because it really does not run on the land but goes in the air, very close to the ground. The malgative train runs very, very fast at speeds up to 430 kilometres per hours.Shanghai is a large international city and the worlds first passenger maglev train has already opened in the city to the public(公众). The Shanghai maglev project started in 2000. The trial operation(试运行) did not start until the end of 2002. It opened to the public on September 20th, 2003.Nowadays itll take passengers only eight minutes to travel the 35 kilometres from Longyang Road Station to Pudong International Airport by maglev. Shanghais maglev train will be able to carry as many as 40,000 people each day. You may pay 150 yuan to have the round trip for sightseeing.It is easier for us to travel in Shanghai today than ever before, but thing about what traveling in Shanghai will be like in the year 2010! There will be more wide streets and speedways(高速公路). There will be fewer traffic jams. Travelling in Shanghai will be much happier than today. 1. What kind of train can move in the air? _ can move in the air.A. A taxiB. A carC. A trainD. An aerotrain 2. When did the maglev open to the public? It opened to the public _.A. September 20th, 2003B. at the end of 2002C. in the year 2010D. on September 20th, 20033. How long will the maglev train take you to travel from Longyang Road Station to Pudong International Airport? Itll take us _.A. three times a yearB. only about eight hours a dayC. only eight minutesD. only 150 yuan to travel there4. What will Shanghai be like in the year 2010?A. We wont see any cars, buses or trains at all.B. There will be fewer wide streets and speedways.C. People in Shanghai will not go to work.D. There will b more wide streets and speedways.(B)Many teenagers(青少年)feel that the most important people in their lives are their friends. They believe that the family members dont know them as well as their friends do. In large families, it is quite often for brothers and sisters to fight with each other and them they can only go to the friends for some ideas.It is very important for teenagers to have one good friend or a group of friends. Even when they are not with their friends, they usually spend a lot of time talking among themselves on the phone. This communication(交际)is very important in childrens growing up, because friends can discuss something. These things are difficult to say to their family members.However, parents often try to choose their childrens friends for them. Some parents may even stop their children from meeting their good friends. Have you ever thought of the following questions? Who chooses your friends? Do you choose your friends or your friends choose you? Have you got a good friend your parents dont like?5. Many teenagers think that _ can understand them better.A. friendsB. brothersC. sistersD. parents6. _ is very important to teenagers.A. To make friendsB. To stop meeting friendsC. CommunicationD. Both A and C7. When teenagers have something difficult to say to their parents, they usually _.A. stay alone at homeB. fight with their parentsC. discuss it with their friendsD. go to t