状语从句公开课ppt课件.ppt

AdverbialClauses 1 1 什么是状语 在句中用来修饰动词 形容词 副词的成分被称为状语 如 Heworksveryhard Heisrealhandsome 2 什么是状语从句 用作状语的句子被称为状语从句 really 2 1 AdverbialClausesofTime 时间状语从句 3 DifferentKindsofAdverbialClauses 2 AdverbialClausesofReason 原因状语从句 3 AdverbialClausesofConditions 条件状语从句 4 AdverbialClausesofPlace 地点状语从句 5 AdverbialClausesofPurpose 目的状语从句 6 AdverbialClausesofResult 结果状语从句 7 AdverbialClausesofComparison 比较状语从句 8 AdverbialClausesofConcession 让步状语从句 9 AdverbClausesofManner 方式状语从句 3 4 位置 主前从后亲密没够 从前主后得有小逗 从在主中需俩逗逗 Iwasreadingabookwhenhecamein Whenhecamein Iwasreadingabook Iwas whenhecamein readingabook 4 时间状语从句 whenwhileas beforeaftertill untilsince assoonas 普通连词 特殊连词 themomenttheminutethesecondtheinstant every eachtimenexttimeanytimebythetimethefirsttime immediatelydirectlyinstantly 5 When的用法When即可以引导一个持续性动作 又可引到一个短暂行动作 可用以表示主从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句 从句动词可延续也可非延续 IwasthinwhenIwasachild Thefilmhadbeenonwhenwearrived 6 2 beabouttodo when bedoing when beonone sway when beonthepointofdoing when hadjustdone when 以上句式中的 when 译为 这时或那时 不可以用其它连词替换 ThetelephonewasringingwhenIgothome Iwasabouttogotobedwhenhecameback 7 Wewerejust callinghimup hecamein about whenB onthepointof whileC onthepointof whenD onthepointof as IwaswalkingdownthestreetwhileIheardsomeonecallingforhelp when 8 3 When还以引导条件状语从句相当于ifHowcanIexplainittoyouwhen ifyouwon tlisten Whenyoureaditagain themeaningwillbecomeclearertoyou 9 While的用法1 必须引导持续性动作 强调在一段时间内 主句和从句动作同时发生 MymotherwascookingwhileIwasdoingmyhomework Pleasedon ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking 10 2 然而 表示对比 IlikewatchingTVwhilehelikesreading 3 引导让步状语从句 虽然 尽管 WhileIadmithisgoodpoints Icanseehisshortcomings 尽管我承认他的优点 但我还是看到了他的缺点 4 引导条件状语从句 只要 Whilewearehere don tworry 11 As的引导时间状语从句的用法 随着 一边 一边 当 强调动作同时发生 无先后 12 1 AsIgetolder Igetmoreoptimistic 随着年龄的增长 我变得更加乐观 2 Hehurriedhome lookingbehindashewent 他匆匆忙忙回家 边走边往后看 3 Ashewasgoingout itbegantorain 当他出去时开始下雨了 13 as 可以引导的其它状语从句 Youngasheis heknowsalot 让步 Ashewasn treadyintime wewentwithouthim 原因 DoasItoldyou doasyoulike 方式 HeisasoldasI me 比较 14 连接词when while as的用法区别 1 while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词必须是可延续的 而when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词是可延续的 也可以是非延续的动词 如 When Whilehewaseatinghisbreakfast heheardthedoorbellring WhenIstoppedmycar amancameuptome 2 从句动作发生在主句动作之前时 只能用when引导这个从句 不可用as或while 如 Whenyouhavefinishedyourwork youmayhavearest 3 表示 随着 一边 一边 连词用as 如 Astheelectionapproached theviolencegotworse 4 如果主句谓动是非延续性的 而从句谓动是延续性动词并使用进行时态时 when while与as可互换使用 如 When While AsIwaswalkingdownthestreet Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine 15 问题1 1 04北京春 Wewereswimminginthelake suddenlythestormstarted A whenB whileC untilD before2 02上海 Hewasabouttotellmethesecret someonepattedhimontheshoulder A asB untilC whileD when3 05上海 Hetransplantedthelittletreetothegarden itwasthebesttimeforit A whereB whenC thatD until4 05福建 DidJackcomebackearlylastnight Yes Itwasnotyeteighto clock hearrivedhome A BeforeB whenC thatD until 注 句型 Itis was 点时间 when从句 A D B B 16 问题2 6 06天津 ThecostoflivinginGlasgowisamongthelowestinBritain thequalityoflifeisprobablyoneofthehighest A sinceB whenC asD while7 04年江苏 Iacceptthatheisnotperfect Idoactuallyliketheperson A WhileB SinceC BeforeD Unless8 06辽宁 Hewasabouthalfwaythroughhismeal afamiliarvoicecametohisears A whyB whereC whenD while D A C 17 Before的多种翻译方式 在 之前2 在It be 短时间 before句型中主句是肯定句式时 多久之后 才 主句是否定句式时 过不了多久 就 3 还没来得及 就 4 趁 18 Beforetheygottothebusstop thebushadgone 在 之前Itwillbe5yearsbeforehereturnstohismotherland 多久之后才 Wewaitedalongtimebeforehecameout 多久之后才 4 Itwon tbelongbeforewemeetagain 过不了多久就5 Hediedbeforehewroteawill 还没来得及6 Catchhimbeforeheescapes 趁着7 Pleasewriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit 趁着 19 1 03年北京 Hemadeamistake butthenhecorrectedthesituation itgotworse A untilB whenC beforeD as2 04福建 Scientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears itispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients A sinceB afterC beforeD when3 06四川 Whydidn tyoutellhimaboutthemeeting Herushedoutoftheroom Icouldsayaword A beforeB untilC whenD after C C A 20 till until和not until 1 主句是肯定句时 主句的动词必是延续性动词 表示 主句动作或状态一直持续到从句动词发生才停止 从句引导词是till until都行 如 Wewaiteduntil tillhecame 2 主句是否定句时 主句谓语动词是非延续性动词 表示 主句动作直到从句动词发生才开始 从句引导词通常用until 如 Hewon tgotobeduntilshereturns 3 till不可以置于句首 而until可以 如 UntilyoutoldmeIhadnoideaofit 4 not until句型中的强调和倒装说法 NotuntilyoutoldmedidIhaveanyideaofit ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit 倒装 21 1 03北京春 Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool Yes Hehadneverpraisedhim hebecameoneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade A afterB unlessC untilD when2 03上海 Agoodstorytellermustbeabletoholdlisteners curiosity hereachestheendofthestory A whenB unlessC afterD until3 Itwasnot shetookoffherdarkglasses Irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar A when thatB until thatC until whenD when then C D B 22 Since的用法 since 时间sincetheneversinceItis hasbeen 时间段 since did 译为 既然 时引导原因状从 主句谓动用现在完成时 从句谓动用一般过去时 译为 自从 23 Mrlihasbeenheresince1998 Mrlihasbeenheresincehecameback It s hasbeentwoyearssincewearrivedhere Itisthreeyearssincehelivedhere 他不在这儿住三年了 Itistwoyearssincehesmoked 他不吸烟已有两年了 Itistwoyearssincehebegantosmoke 他吸烟有两年了 24 B D 1 05北京春 Itisalmostfiveyears wesaweachotherlasttime A beforeB sinceC afterD because2 Thatwasreallyasplendidevening It syears Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch whenB thatC beforeD since3 Whataboutacigarette It s3weekssinceIsmoked A Yes pleaseB No thanks B 25 assoonas themomenttheminutethesecondtheinstant immediatelydirectlyinstantlynosooner than hardly scarcely when 可以译为 一 就 的连词 26 1 Assoonashearrives Iwilltellhim 2 ThemomentIsawhim Irecognizedhim 3 Ileftimmediatelytheclockstruck5 4 Ihadhardlygothomewhenitbegantorain HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain 5 Ihadnosoonergothomethanitbegantorain NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain 时态 搭配 倒装 27 问题3 1 01北京春 DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher Yes Igaveittoher Isawher A whileB themomentC suddenlyD once2 1998上海 Ithoughtherniceandhonest Imether A firsttimeB forthefirsttimeC thefirsttimeD bythefirsttime3 enteredtheofficewhenherealizedthathehadforgottenhisreport A HehardlyhadB HadhehardlyC HardlyhadheD Hardlyhehad B C C 28 一些含有time的名词短语可以引导时间状语1 Nexttimeyoucome pleasebringyourcomposition2 ThefirsttimeIclimbedontothewall Ifeltnervous 3 Youarewelcometocomebackanytimeyouwantto 4 Thetruckwillhavearrivedbythetimeyouhaveallthethingspackedup 5 Bythetimehearrived thetrainhadalreadygone 时态 29 30 地点状语从句有where wherever引导 1 Wemustcampwherewecangetwater 2 Iwillfollowyouwhereveryougo 3 Wherethereisariver thereisacity 4 Iwillgowherehewent 5 Iwillstaywithyouwhereverhegoes 31 2 地点状语从句 2009年高考山东卷 Thelittlegirlwhogotlostdecidedtoremainwhereshewasandwaitforhermother 那个迷路的小女孩决定待在原地等她母亲 地点状语从句常见的连词有 1 where在 地方 2 wherever无论在 地方 1 Makeamark youhaveproblems 2 Iwillfindhim hemaybe where wherever 32 3 地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味 Wherethere sawill there saway 有志者事竟成 Where ver there splentyofsunandrain thefieldsaregreen 哪里阳光雨水充足 哪里的田野就绿油油 地点状语从句和定语从句的区别 Gobackwhereyoucamefrom Gobacktotheplacewhereyoucame 33 例26 heis hewillbethinkingofhisgirlfriend A WhatB WhereC WhetherD Wherever 例27 Shefoundhercalculator shelostit A thatB whereC inwhichD when 例28 Thisisthefactory hermotherworkedlastyearA thatB whereC inwhichD wherever 34 35 引导原因状语从句的连词 considering seeing that 鉴于 考虑到 也可引导原因状语从句 36 Because表示原因是语气最强 经常表示听者未知的原因 即可以回答why的提问 又可以放在强调句型中成为被强调的部分 Ican tgo becauseI mill Hefailedbecausehewastoocareful Itisbecauseyouarelazythatyouhavelostthejob 37 because1 Theshipchangeditscoursebecausetherewasastorm Theshipchangeditscoursebecauseofthestorm 2 Becausehewasill hedidn tgotoschool Hewasill sohedidn tgotoschool Beingill hedidn tgotoschool 38 Ididn thelphimnotbecauseIwasunwilling butbecauseIwasunabletodoit 不是因为 而是因为 2 Youshouldnotlaughathimbecauseheispoor3 Thecountryisnotstrongbecauseitisbig 不因 就 39 Since引导的语气次于because 表示稍加分析后推断出的原因 或指的是人们达成一致的事实 既然 鉴于 常放于句首 Sincenooneisagainstit let scarryouttheplan As语气最弱 其原因只是对结果的附带说明 一般放句首 Ashewasn treadyintime wewentwithouthim 40 For属于并列连词 但不能直接说明原因 而是对某种情况加以推断用于表示补充说明的理由 常放于句末 Hemustbeill forheisabsenttoday Thespringiscoming forthebirdsaresinging Nowthat用了说明一种新的情况 然后加以推论 位于句首 that可省略 既然 鉴于 Now that everybodyishere let sbegin 41 Seeing that considering that Seeing considering that heissoyoung thatisexcusable 可原谅的 鉴于他如此年轻 这是可以原谅的 42 1 Thiswas shewasabsentfromschool 2 Thatwas shewasillyesterday 3 Thereason shecouldn tfinishherhomeworkisnot sheforgottodoherhomework but shewasbusynursingasickclassmate 4 Howcanhegetgoodgradeswhenhewon tstudy why because why that that when 既然 表示原因 43 44 引导目的状语的连词有so sothat inorderthat incase forfearthat lest 目的状语从句中的谓语动词通常使用情态动词can could may might should would Wesitnearerthefrontso that wecanhearbetter Comeearlyinorderthat sothatyoucanseehim Heputhismoneyinthesafeforfearthatitshouldbestolen 他把钱放在保险箱里生怕 以防被盗 Herunsfastinorderto soastoarrivethereearly 45 Takeanumbrellaincaseitrains 以防 Itmaynotrain butyou dbettertakeanumbrellaincase 以防万一 Takeanumbrellaincaseofrain 介词 Incase后的从句使用一般现在时表示将来 或使用一般过去时表示过去将来 也可用情态动词 或者从句中使用should should也可以省略 Takeanumbrellaincaseitrains Heleftearlyincasehe should missthelasttrain 他动身很早以防误了最后一班火车 46 47 结果状语从句连词 so that such that sothat 1 Shewassohappythatshecried 2 Sheworkedveryhard sothatshebecamerichinaveryshorttime 她努力工作很快就致富了 3 Hemadesuchanexcellentspeechthateveryoneadmiredhim So为副词 修饰形容词 副词 Such为形容词 修饰名词 48 So adj So adj a an 单n So many few 复数n thatSo much little 多少 不可数n thatSuch a an adj 单n thatSuch adj 复数n thatSuch adj 不可数n that 49 Hewassohonestthatwealltrusthim Hewassuchanhonestmanthatwealltrusthim Therewassomuchworkthatwecouldn tfinishit Thereweresomanypeoplethatwecouldn tgetin Itwassuchniceweatherthatwewanttogoout So that such that 句型中 so such位于句首 主句须部分倒装Soterriblewasthestormthatsomehousesweredestroyed SuchisthepoweroftheTVthatitmakesapersonfamousinonenight 50 结果状语的表达方式1 Heiscleverandhonest allofuslikehim make 2 Ihurriedtotheairport only thatmyfriendhadgonealready tell 3 too to 太 而不能 enoughto 达到某种程度可以 so asto 那么 以至于 Hegotupsolatethathemissedthebus Hedidn tgetupearlyenoughtocatchthebus Hegotuptoolatetocatchthebus Hegotupsolateastomissthebus making tobetold 51 52 if unless so aslongas once incase that 2 onconditionthat 条件是 suppose supposing that 假设 如果 provided providing that 如果 asfaras sofaraswhen 引导条件状语从句的连词 if not 只要 一旦 万一 53 I if1 Ifyouworkharder youwillsucceed Workharder andyouwillsucceed Workharder oryouwon tsucceed Workingharder youwillsucceed 时态 主将从现 54 有时表示条件的if之后可能用will 但那不是将来时态 而是表示意愿或委婉的请求 will为情态动词 Ifyouwillwaitamoment I llfetchthemoney 请等一下 我就去拿钱 55 2 IfIhadmoney Iwouldbuythecar Ifhehadworkedharder hewouldhavepassedtheexam 3 IwakeuponlyifthealarmclockringsOnlyifIgetajob willIhaveenoughmoneytogoschool 4 IfonlyIwereascleverasyou IfonlyIknewhername 虚拟 只有 要是 就好了 56 5 if构成省略的惯用表达法 ifanyifeverifsoifnotifnecessaryifpossible Corrrecterrors ifany Heseldom ifever goestothemoviesbyhimself 如果有错误就请订正 他不会单独去看电影 如果有也很少 如果有的话 如果曾经有的话 如果是这样的话 如果不是这样的话 57 II unless1 Wecan twritetoMaryunlessshetellsusheraddress Wecan twritetoMaryifshedoesn ttellusheraddress III as solongas 只要 1 IwillnevergiveuplearningaslongasIlive 2 Youmayborrowthebookaslongasyoukeepitclean 58 IV onconditionthat 条件是 We llletyouusetheroomonconditionthatyoukeepittidy V incase 万一 You dbettertakeyourraincoatwithyouincaseitrains IncaseIforget pleaseremindmeaboutit 59 2007 福建 Youwillbesuccessfulintheinterview youhaveconfidence A beforeB onceC untilD though解析 题干意思是 一旦你有自信 你的面试将会成功 用once 意思是 一旦 引导条件状语从句 答案 B 60 浙江 Themedicineworksmoreeffectively youdrinksomehotwateraftertakingit A asB untilC althoughD if解析 句意 这种药如果你热水送服 会更加有效 if引导条件状语从句 答案 D 61 北京宣武区 youdisagreewithher herideaisstillworthconsidering A IfonlyB EvenifC InsteadofD Despiteof解析 考查前后句的关系 句意为 尽管 你不赞同她 可她的观点还是值得考虑的 答案 B 62 问题1 1 Icansee thereisonlyonepossiblewaytokeepawayfromthedanger 04北京春季 A AslongasB AsfarasC JustasD Evenif2 IalwaystakesomethingtoreadwhenIgotothedoctor s Ihavetowait 05全国卷3 A incaseB sothatC inorderD asif B A aslongas与asfaras都可引导条件状语从句 aslongas表示 只要 asfaras表示 就 而论 而言 题1根据题意应该选用B incase表示 以防 根据题2的句意 不难作出选择 63 64 7 方式状语从句 Theteachertoldthestudentstodoashedid Leaveitasitis DoinRomeastheRomansdo Mostplantsneedsunlightjustastheyneedwater 观察引导方式状语从句的连词 别动它 让它保持原来的样子 65 asif asthough 似乎 好像 引导的从句多用虚拟语气 但也可用陈述语气 HetreatsmeasifIwerehisownson HetalkedasifhehadbeentoUSAHeheardanoiseasifsomeonewasbreathing IfeelasifIhaveafever 66 总结 引导方式状语从句的连词 as按照 像 justas正如 正像asif asthough 67 1Wemustlive Leifenglived AlikeBasCasifDevenif2Dorememberthatyoumustdoeverything youaretoldto AwhatBwhichCasDif 68 2015浙江卷 9 asinglewordcanchangethemeaningofasentence asinglesentencecanchangethemeaningofaparagraph AJustasBEventhoughCUnlessDUntill 69 70 常用引导词 although though evenif eventhoughwhile 在句首 as 必须倒装 whatever whenever wherever wh evernomatterwhat when where whether or 不管是 还是 whetherornot whether ornot 不论是否 inspiteof despite regardlessof 71 1 Although thoughitwashot hekeptonworking Although thoughIbelieveit yet Imustconsider 注 though也可用作adv 译 可是 然而 句末 Hesaidhewouldhelpme hedidn t though 注 不能用but 但主句中可以用yet still 他说他会帮我 但是他并没有帮我 72 2 evenif though即使 纵使 含退一步设想 I llgoevenif though itrainstomorrow Wewon tbediscouragedenenif though wefailtentimes 73 Pooras thoughheis heisgenerous Childas thoughheis heknowsalot Muchas thoughIloveit Iwillnotbuyit Tryas thoughImight Ifailed 3 adj n adv v as 主语 谓语 其它 74 4 wh ever 让步状语从句名词性从句 nomatterwh 让步状语从句 判断 wh ever是否引导名词性从句 主语从句 宾语从句表语从句 同位语从句 75 Whoeverleavestheclassroomlastshouldturnoffthelights Youcantakewhateveryoulike Whoeveryouare youmustobeytherules Nomatterwhoyouare youmustobeytherules whoever引导主语从句 Whatever引导宾从 wh ever在名词性从句中 主句中一定有一个成分要在从句中担任 且从句与主句之间没有逗号 76 Whereveryougo Iwillfollowyou Whateveryousay hewon tbelieve Howevermuchitmaycost Iwillbuyit Youhavetogoon whateverdifficultiesyoucomeacross Nomatterhowmuchitmaycost Iwillbuyit nomatterwhatdifficulties 77 13辽宁 Onecanalwaysmanagetodomorethings nomatter fullone sscheduleisinlife 14上海 Theypromisedtodevelopasoftwarepackagebytheendofthisyear theymighthave AhoweverdifficultBhowdifficultCwhateverdifficultyDwhatdifficulty how 78 5Whetherwegotoyourplaceorstayhere we vestillgottofindsomethingtoeat Whetheryoubelieveitornot itistrue 79 2008 山东菏泽月考 AslongasIcanremember Icalled hiswifewouldanswerthephone A howeverB wheneverC whateverD whichever解析 这四个词都可以引导让步状语从句 句意 在我的记忆中 不管我什么时候打电话 他妻子都会接 答案 B 80 皖北联考 Much hestateshehasagoodtasteofhisown hecan tavoidbeinginfluencedbyadvertisement A thatB whichC asD 解析 as引导让步状语从句 尽管他不断声称自我感觉良好 但他不可避免地受广告影响 答案 C 81 2008 重庆 Allpeople theyareoldoryoung richorpoor havebeentryingtheirbesttohelpthoseinneedsincethedisaster A evenifB whetherC nomatterD however解析 句意 自这次灾难以来 所有的人 不管他们是年老的还是年轻的 富有的还是贫穷的 都在尽自己最大的努力去帮助那些需要帮助的人 答案 B 82 10 greatachievementsChinamayhaveinthefuture itislikelythatmanyofthemwillbeborninWesternChina A IfB WhateverC AsD However答案与解析 B题意为 无论中国将来取得多大的成就 很可能许多来自西部 whatever相当于nomatterwhat 用来引导让步状语从句 if意为 如果 as意为 因为 however意为 无论怎样 三项皆与题意不符 83 8 muchIdisliketheideaofbegginginthestreet weshouldstillshowconsiderationforthosewhoareindifficultsituations A HoweverB HowC WhateverD Nomatter答案与解析 A题意为 不管我多么讨厌在街上乞讨这种主意 我们仍然应该体谅那些处于艰苦境况的人 however意为 不管多么 无论如何 等于nomatterhow whatever意为 不管什么 等于nomatterwhat 根据题意选A 84 85 比较状语从句的连词 as as 和 一样 notas so as 和 不一样 thesameassuch asthan themore themore 86 疑难 比较状语从句通常会结合三个倍数的表达句型进行考查 如 A是B的三倍大有如下三种表达 1 AistwicebiggerthanB 2 AisthreetimesasbigasB 3 AisthreetimesthesizeofB 87 疑难剖析 1 Ais倍数 adj 的比较级 larger heavier more等 thanB 2 Ais倍数 as adj 的原级 large heavy many much asB3 Ais倍数 the 表比较内容的名词 size weight area width length等 ofB 88 注意 what也可以引导比较状语从句AistoBwhatCistoD A对于B就如同C对于D一样重要 e gAiristouswhatwateristofish Readingistothemind foodistothebody AwhatBthatCwhichDofwhich 89 状语从句省略 从句主语与主句一样 又有be动词 主系同时省 状语从句主语是it 动词是be it和be同时剩略 90 1 Becarefulwhenyouarecrossingtheroad 2 Onceitisseen itcanneverbeforgotten 3 Shetalkedas