高速铁路论文：京沪高速铁路沉降监测数据处理与分析.doc

高速铁路论文：京沪高速铁路沉降监测数据处理与分析【中文摘要】京沪高速铁路通过地区中,绝大部分地区存在着较为严重的区域沉降问题,控制区域沉降地区线下工程的沉降变形是提供高平顺性和高稳定性轨道的首要条件。目前,国内外还缺乏在区域沉降地区修建高速铁路的经验,对于高速铁路的沉降监测,急需有效的数据处理方法和实测数据分析。本文在沉降监测数据处理和分析两方面进行深入研究,为京沪高速铁路安全稳定通过区域沉降地区提供有效的理论和数据支撑。在数据处理方面,针对目前沉降监测中无有效的粗差定位和断高处理方法,导致沉降监测数据质量降低的情况,首先利用卡尔曼滤波对高差数据进行粗差探测,有效定位出粗差；再提出卡尔曼迭代滤波法,使用高差数据修复断高,该方法精度远远优于目前使用的归“0”法,有效解决了沉降监测断高问题。通过粗差定位和断高处理,显著提高了沉降监测数据的质量,这对后期的沉降评估分析有实用价值。在沉降监测数据分析方面,重点对目前缺少研究的工程沉降数据和区域沉降与工程沉降综合影响进行分析。在工程沉降数据方面,分析了区域沉降地区桥墩工程沉降值与工作基点埋深的关系,得出目前的桥墩观测方法不完善的结论,针对目前的沉降监测方法无法解决的桥墩出现“上升”的情况,提出使用“矩形法”监测高差变化的方案,为解决这个沉降监测难题奠定了基础。在区域沉降与工程沉降综合影响分析方面,针对目前工作基点与复测后水准点的联测数据缺乏,导致无法对区域沉降与工程沉降的综合影响进行分析的情况,采用工程沉降和区域沉降叠加模型,根据该模型分析沉降总量、线路附加坡度、坡度差以及对线路高程定位的影响。本文研究成果对京沪高速铁路区域沉降地区的施工建设和运营维护有一定参考价值。【英文摘要】The area which Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway goes through most has the serious problem of ground settlement. The controlling deformations of railway engineering in ground settlement area are the prime condition to provide high ride comfort and high stability track. At present, there is lack of the experience of building high-speed railway through ground settlement area in our country. The effective method of data process and analysis of measured data for settlement monitoring of high-speed railway is urgently need. The process and analysis of settlement monitoring data is further researched to provide effective theory and data support for Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway going through ground settlement area safety and stability in this paper.In respect of data process, there are no effective methods for gross error position and broken height process in settlement monitoring at present. This reduces the quality of settlement monitoring data. According to this situation, the Kalman filtering is firstly used to effectively detecte gross error in settlement monitoring data. Then the Kalman interactive filtering method and height difference data are used to modify broken height. The experimental results show that the proposed method effectively solves the problem of broken height and its precision is far more than return zero method which is currently used. The methods of gross error position and broken height process in this paper effectively improve the quality of settlement monitoring data and has practical value in settlement evaluation.In respect of data analysis, the comprehensive effect both ground settlement and engineering settlement, which were lack of researches, is primary studied in this paper. In respect of analysis of engineering settlement, the relationship of engineering settlement value of bridge and the buried depth of working benchmark point is analyzed, and get the conclusion that current settlement observation of bridge in ground settlement area is not perfect. Then, the “rectangular method” is used to monitor height difference change according to parts of bridges appear “rise” situation, which lays the foundation to solve this “rise” problem. In respect of analysis of comprehensive effect, according to the situation of lack of the conneting measurement data between working benchmark points and basic benchmark points when they were repetition measured, a composition model of ground settlement and engineering settlement is put forward. The model can get the settlement value of railway engineerings, ground slope, difference of slope and their influence to elevation for railroading.These research results would have some help for construction and operation maintenance of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway in ground settlement area.【关键词】高速铁路 沉降监测 区域沉降 工程沉降 卡尔曼滤波 断高【英文关键词】high-speed railway settlement monitoring ground settlement engineering settlement Kalman filtering broken height【目录】京沪高速铁路沉降监测数据处理与分析摘要6-7Abstract7第1章 绪论10-141.1 研究背景及意义10-111.2 国内外研究现状11-131.2.1 区域沉降理论研究111.2.2 区域沉降监测技术研究11-121.2.3 高速铁路沉降监测12-131.3 论文目标及内容131.4 论文结构13-14第2章 沉降监测技术14-192.1 沉降监测基本内容142.1.1 不同线下工程的沉降监测内容142.1.2 沉降监测的基本要求142.2 沉降监测网的建立14-172.2.1 沉降监测技术要求14-152.2.2 沉降变形测量点布设要求15-162.2.3 沉降监测网测量实施要求16-172.3 高速铁路沉降评估17-192.3.1 沉降评估基本思想172.3.2 沉降评估控制指标17-182.3.3 沉降评估方法18-19第3章 沉降数据处理19-393.1 常用方法19-203.1.1 回归分析法193.1.2 时间序列分析193.1.3 灰色系统理论193.1.4 人工神经网络19-203.1.5 卡尔曼滤波203.2 卡尔曼滤波模型20-243.2.1 卡尔曼滤波基本理论203.2.2 卡尔曼滤波基本方程20-223.2.3 卡尔曼滤波建模22-243.2.4 卡尔曼滤波精度评定243.3 卡尔曼滤波在粗差探测中的应用24-273.3.1 沉降监测数据粗差24-253.3.2 粗差探测253.3.3 数据分析25-273.4 卡尔曼滤波在断高处理中的应用27-393.4.1 断高定义273.4.2 使用高程数据修复断高27-283.4.3 使用高差数据修复断高28-313.4.4 数据分析31-39第4章 沉降数据分析及测量研究39-594.1 区域沉降数据分析39-474.1.1 区域沉降对地面标高和坡度的影响39-404.1.2 区域沉降对轨道平顺性影响40-424.1.3 试验区数据分析42-474.2 工程沉降数据分析47-514.2.1 工作基点修正研究48-494.2.2 工程沉降值与工作