M8+Unit4+Reading导学案.doc

Reading1.Joining us in the studio are-。倒装句 当句子主语太长时，为保持句子平衡，使用倒装将主语放在句子的后半部分。 Nearby was the house in which they had lived for more than 20 years. 附近就是他们住了20多年的那幢房子。 On the stage are the girls competing in the beauty contest. 台上是正在参加选美比赛的女孩们。 Gone are the days when people waited in a queue to make a long-distance call. 人们排队等着打长途电话的日子一去不复返了。2.view-as-把看作，把视为 We view the holiday as a time for recreation,but she has a different idea. 我们都认为假期是休闲放松的时间，但她有不同的见解。3. finance Vt 给提供资助，负担的经费 n. 财政，金融 financial adj. 财政的，金融的 Our filrms finances are not sound. 我们公司的财政状况不是很好。 Its necessary for the government to finance the students who have no money to go to school.政府有必要向没钱上学的学生提供资助1) To our surprise the Minister of _ is not an expert in _. A.Finance;financial B.finance;finance C.Finance;finance D.Financier;finance2) I have some _ troubles. A.financial B.finance C.financed D.financing4.amateur adj. 业余的，非职业的 n. 业余从事者，爱好者 be an amateur of是的爱好者 an amateur astronomer 业余天文学家1).Generally speaking,both amateur actors and actress are amateur _ film. A.of B.at C.in D.for5.defence n. 保卫，辩护，防卫 in defence of sbin sbs defence为辩护，保卫I must say in her defense that she works very hard. 我必须为她说句话，她工作十分努力。1).He wrote a letter to the manager _ her. A.in defence for B.for the defence of C.in defence of D.as a defence for6.distinguish Vt/Vi 区别，区分，使与众不同 区分和常与between-and连用 辨别与常与from连用（多指同类事物中的辨别）1).You should be able to distinguish between right and wrong. 2).有色盲的人常分不清红绿。 7.boycott Vt抵制，排斥 n.联合抵制，联合拒绝购买 They launched a boycott on imports.他们发起了联合抵制进口货的行动。1).Its impossible for the students in our school to boycott class. 2).我们不应该抵制这样的会议。 8.hatch Vt 策划，筹划。孵，孵出How many chickens have hatched out? They have hatched a plan to celebrate their mothers 70th birthday. 他们已策划出一项庆祝母亲70大寿的计划。1).Dont count your chickens before they are hatched. 2).我们举办电影节的想法早在1928年就已策划。 9.resemble Vt 相似，类似。常接介词in表示在某方面相似 不用进行时态且无被动语态 n. resemblance 相似 The plant resembles grass in appearance。这种植物的外形像草 So many hotels resemble each other.1)。他酷似他父亲。2).you have a strong resemblance _ your father,but you resemble your mother neither _ character nor _ appearance. A.to in in B.in to to C.in in in D.between in in10.favour Vt 偏爱，偏袒 n. 恩惠，好意，帮助 Adj. favourable 赞成的 n. favourite A mother mustnt favour one of her children more than the others. 母亲不应该特别偏爱某一个孩子 In favour of 支持，赞成 Do sb a favourdo a favour for sb帮助某人 Be in favour with sb 得到厚爱 Lose favour with sb 失宠于某人11. in the minority 占少数 In the majority占多数 1).While the army takes both men and women，women are in the minority. 12.a spokesman for- 的发言人13. reward Vt/n 奖，奖励，回报，报酬 reward sb with sth for sth in reward for 作为的报酬 He was rewarded with a prize for his excellent work. 他因工作突出而获奖1).His labours were rewarded _ good fruit. A.for B.by C.with D.to2).He gave me a medal _ for my service. A.in reward B.to reward C.on reward D.with reward14.restriction n. 限制，约束 restrict V restriction on restrict to doing sth 1). He restricts himself _ 2 cigars a day. A.to smoke B.smoke C.to smoking D.smoking2). Theres no restriction _ foreign films in America. A.on B.against C.of D.Both A and B15.rarely adv.很少，罕见地 rare adj 稀有的，罕见的，稀疏的 （否定词）1).Rarely _ I dream these days. A.do B./ C.did D.does2).She rarely stays up late,_?16.admission n. 准许进入，准许加入，承认admit admitting admitted 承认，供认 admit doing/ sb to do 接纳，招收 让进入，允许进入1).Admission is limited to the invited guests. 2).他获准加入俱乐部。 语法：强调强调结构是用特定的方法使句子中的某个部分突出出来，以达到强化这个部分的目的。在英语中，强调的方法有很多，包括运用语言、语调、单词、短语以及语法等手段。常见的强调形式：1 增加单词来强调此类单词有：so,such,just,right,very,pretty,single,really,indeed以及反身代词等。如：I have never seen such a lazy person in my whole life.（这么）So angry was he that he couldnt speak.Fortunately,he was just in time for the first train in the morning.（刚好）Its unbelievable that the woman herself could lift so heavy a box.（自己一个人）This is the very English dictionary that I have been looking for.（就是，正是）The manager was right in the office when I arrived at the company by metro (地铁)。（正好）2 增加短语来强调常用的短语有：on earth,in the world,by no means(位于句首需用倒装）,notat all等。如：“What on earth are you doing now?” asked the policeman.（究竟，到底）Though we are good friends,I dont agree with you at all this time.（根本不）I have to point out that this job can by no means be accomplished overnight.（决不）3 用助动词do,does,did来强调可以用来强调肯定陈述句或祈使句的动词。如：Do come early tomorrow morning,or you will be fined.（务必，一定）The new exchange student does hope to go to the evening party with us.（确实）My mother did sing well in the past because she used to be a teacher.（的确，确实）4. 将“地点”提前加以强调On the table were some flowers. 桌上摆了一些花。5用强调句来强调强调句的基本结构是It + be +被强调部分+that (who/whom)+原句剩余部分。被强调部分可以是简单句中除谓语以外的其它成分，也可以是主从复合句中的从句。如：It was our we that/who saved my little younger sister.（强调主语）It was him that/whom they saw stealing yesterday in the supermarket.（强调宾语）It is by sending e-mail that they keep in touch with each other.（强调状语）It was only when I reread this poem recently that I began to appreciate its beauty.（强调从句）注意：（1） 强调句形中的it没有实际意义，由于it处在主语位置，即使被强调的主语是复数，动词只用单数。强调主语时用主格。如：It was Tom and Mike that /who helped us out.It is we who/that have passed the driving test.（2） 强调句的一般疑问句就是直接把动词置于句首；特殊疑问句就是把被强调的特殊疑问词置于句首。如：Is it next week that we will hold another football match ?Who was it that taught you English ten years ago ?How was it that you managed to deal with such difficult problems ?（3） 强调not until结构时，not要放在until之前。即：It is/was not untilthat.如：It was not until all fish died that people realized how serious pollution was. It was not until midnight that they came back. notuntil还可以这样强调： Not until all fish died did people realize how serious pollution was. Not until midnight did they come back.（4） 在强调时间、地点、原因或方式状语时，一律用that，而不用when,where,why或how等；特别要注意不能同定语从句等相混淆。如：Was it during World War II that he lost his devoted son. ?It was for this reason that the naughty boy got severely punished.区别强调句型和定语从句的方法是：若将和去掉而句中不缺成分，结构完整，说明原句是强调句；若结构不完整，则说明原句为定语从句。试比较:It was on October 5,1999 that the new city was founded.(强调句）那个新城市确实是于1999年10月5日成立的。It was October 5,1999 when their first son was born.(定语从句)他们第一个儿子的出生时间是1999年10月5日。（5） 强调句与其它的交融使用It was the village where I was brought up that I visited yesterday.昨天我们参观的是我在那长大的村子。（与定语从句结合）I cant remember how many years ago it was that I entered the factory.我记不清到底是多少年前进厂的了。（与宾语从句的结合）When I asked him when it was that he took my dictionary,he made no answer.我问他究竟何时拿了我的字典，他没吱声。（与状语从句的结合）【考考你】一、 单项填空1.It was only when I recovered from being ill _I began to realize how important health is to a person.A.untilB.thatC.thenD.so2.It was _ 1920 _regular radio broadcast began. A.until;thatB.not until;when C.until;whenD.not until;that3.Was _that I saw at the concert last night ? A.it youB.not youC.youD.yourself4.It was evening _ we reached the little town of Winchester. A.thatB.untilC.sinceD.before 5.It was with great joy _ he received the news _his lost daughter had been found. A.because;thatB.that ;whyC.which;whichD.that;that 6.My teacher asked me _ Daniel got injured in the leg. A.how was it thatB.how it was that C.how it was whichD.how was it which 7.It was not until she had arrived home _ her appointment with the doctor. A.did she rememberB.that she remembered C.when she rememberedD.had she remembered 8.It was on the farm _ my father used to work _ I was born. A.that;thatB.where;whereC.where;thatD.that;where 9._ that she was still weak in English ? A.Why it wasB.Why was itC.It was whyD.Was it why 10._ that electricity plays such an important part in our daily life? A.What is itB.What does itC.Why does itD.Why is it 11._she is not so healthy _she used to be ? A.Why it is that;asC.Is it why that;that C.Why is it that;asD.Why is it that;that 12.-Mary !_and visit us some day. -All right . A.Do comeB.Do comesC.Does comeD.Did come 13.It was _computer games that the boy took a lot of time that he ought to have spent on his lessons. A.to have playedB.playingC.playedD.having played 14.-Is it my age _the boss minds. -Im afraid not.He will consider _necessary to have an experienced assistant. A.which;itB.that;itC.which;thatD.that;that 15.Such a naughty boy _ that nobody likes him. A.he isB.he wasC.is heD.was he二、 单句改错(每个句子有一处错误，找出并改正)1 It was in this small village where she was born.2 It were Madame Curie and her husband who discovered radium.3 It was September 9,1990 that the little girl was born.4 It was for this reason why Edward quitted his job in the famous company.5 He do work very tired after finishing the complex task by himself.6 By no means I will give up learning English.7 You did helped me in time of difficulty.8 Do more careful next time if you want to get a better mark in the exam.9 It is Mr Green who often help others when they are in trouble. 10. It is him that is to blame for the mistake.三、 完成句子1. It is _(很有趣的一部电影)that I want to see it again.2. It _(直到他告诉我)that I knew the truth.3. He_(确实出席) the meeting the day before yesterday.4. _(到底多少次)that you go to see your parents every month?5. _(是在二战期间)that he died.6. It was _(就是昨晚九点)he went to the park.7. It was twelve oclock at midnight _(他们到达一个小村庄).8. It was _（他最好的衣服)that John wore to the dance last night.9. He _（真的很喜欢)the new bicycle his father gave him as a present.10. _(正是从20世纪90年代初)scientists started to develop new techniques to increase agriculture production without harming the environment.四、 改写句子（强调每句中划线部分）1. Bill made a kite at school yesterday._.2. He didt go to work because his mother was ill._.3. Did the Second World War break out in 1939 ?_.4. I painted the door white._.5. I didnt recognize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses._.6. I remembered your birthday yesterday,though I wasnt able to buy a present for you._.7. Mr Wang likes reading newspapers while having breakfast._.8. How did the accident happen ?_.9. What do you want me to say ?_.10. Where did he buy that bike ?_.11. In the Bronze Age people could make tools of copper and bronze._.12. Thousands of people were killed in an earthquake in this city._.13. we didnt finish the homework until evening came near._.14. Mr Tang teaches us maths very well._.15. A boy lay on the ground,looking at the stars in the sky.（提至句首）_.GrammarProjecthave an appointment to do sth.有做的约定I have an appointment to see the doctor.have/make an appointment with sb.与某人有约by appointment依约,经预先约定的appoint vt.决定;任命appoint sb.to do sth.指定某人做某事appoint sb. (to be/as)任命某人为appointed adj. 指定的练练吧!The teacher me to call the police.appointed B.approach C.appreciated D.approvedWe appointed him .as chairman B.to be chairman C.chairman D.all the abovethe doctor sees patients only .on appointment B.by appointment C.in appointment D.at appointment2.in time 及时,终有一天,迟早I wish you would come in time.on time 准时The train arrived on time.练练吧!If you work hard and are brave enough to face challenges,you will succeed .on time B.in time C.at the same time D.at one time3.make an agreement达成共识,签订协议We have made an agreement on fishery with America.We made an agreement to help the poor.under the/an agreement 根据协议break an agreement 打破协议reach/come to/arrive at an agreement 达成协议be in agreement with 同意某人所说的be in agreement on/upon/about sth.对某事意见一致练练吧!At last we an agreement we should start at once.made,that B.come to,that C reach,which D.arrived at,on which4.satisfaction u. 满意,满足,(愿望、需求等)实现 c. 令人满意的事She got great satisfaction from helping people.What we should do is to meet the satisfaction of public demand.It is a great satisfaction to know she is well again.satisfy vt.令人满意satisfied adj.满意的satisfying adj. 令人满意的satisfactory adj.令人满意的to ones satisfaction=to the satisfaction of sb.使某人满意的是be satisfied with 对满意be satisfied of 确信小试牛刀:Im not with your work.You must improve it.satisfactory B.satisfying C.satisfied D.a satisfaction Your success gave me .A.a great satisfaction B.satisfy C.satisfactory D.great satisfaction5.sensitive 敏感的The eyes are sensitive to light.be sensitive to 对敏感翻译句子: 他对冷非常敏感.6.suspect vt.猜疑,怀疑|sspekt|I suspect that he gave us the false information.suspect sb. of (doing) sth.怀疑某人做过某事suspect sb. to be怀疑某人是suspect that怀疑/猜n.嫌疑犯 |sspekt|Two suspects were arrested today in connection with the roberry.adj.可疑的 |sspekt|His statements are suspect.翻译句子:汤姆怀疑玛丽拿了他的钱.我怀疑他是个小偷.7.contrary to prep.和相反He is very nice,contrary to what people say about him.on the contrary 正相反牛刀小试:-I am sure you like your new job.- ,its dull.A.On the contrary B.Sure C.Indeed D.Sorry8.possess vt.拥有,持有He possesses three cars.possessor n.所有人possession n.拥有be in possession of(某人)拥有 be in the possession of (某物)为(某人)所有选择:The books are in my possession.This sentence has the same meaning as .A.I am in possession of the books.B.I am in the possession of the books.C.The books are in the possession of me.D.Both A and C.9.tendency n.倾向,趋向a tendency to alcoholism 酗酒的倾向tendency to 趋向tendency to do sth.做的趋向tend vi倾向于tend to do sth.倾向于做某事选择:The sort of music he listens to ,but tends pop music.vary,to B.varies,to C.various,toward D.various,to10.give thought to 考虑,思考I have given enough thought to the matter.be lost in thought 陷入沉思without thought 不假思索have thought of有的打算thought for对的体谅/关怀thoughtful adj.细心的,体贴的Ill give to your suggestion that we a party in honor of the experienced professor.much thought,hold B.many thoughts,should holdC.much thought,will hold D.some thought,can in thought,he didnt notice the teacher come in,standing by him.Losing B.Lose C.Loses D.LostI have no thought annoying you.for B.on C.of D.in11.boredom n.厌倦,乏味,无聊They yawned with boredom during the long speech.bore vt.使厌烦bored adj.厌烦的boring adj.令人厌烦的be bored with对厌烦bore sb.with sth./by doing sth.以令人厌烦练一练:He always bores her the same story.with B.by telling C.at D.both A and BWe are with the film.bored,bored B.boring,boring C.bored,boring D.boring,bored单词拼写:1. Some people still believe in _ (魔法).2. He is a _ (代表) of a country.3. What is your v_ on school punishment.4. People who work in banks know about _ (金融).5. Traffic in the city was _ (阻断) by a snowstorm.6.