初三下unit12 知识点.doc

初三unit12 知识点一、 词汇理解1. center n. 中心 中央 central adj. 中心的 中央的 work at the space center 在太空中心工作 be launched from space center 从的太空中心发射 from the space center 从太空中心站2. rocket n. 火箭 1）board the rocket = get on the rocket 登上火箭 2）board the rocket Shenzhou-5 登上神州五号 3）ride in the rocket 在火箭里驾驶 3. launch v. 发射 （导弹 火箭等）发动 = sent into space4.1) launch sb into 使某人进入 2）be launched from 从被发射 3）be lauched into space 被发射入太空 Eg: 火箭被从太空中心发射的 The rocket was _ _ the space _5. mission n. 使命 任务 1）the mission to space=the space mission 太空使命 2）on the mission 带着使命 在使命中 3）on business mission 因公出差 4）on the first space mission 在第一次航天使命中 5）complete ones mission 完成使命 6）fulfill ones mission 履行使命 7）do sth for a mission 为了使命做某事 Eg: 带着使命，宇航员拍摄了地球的照片 _ _ _, the astronaut took _ _ the earth Eg: 人们为了使命做重要的工作 People do important jobs _ _ _. ones mission is to do sth = ones mission is doing sth 某人的使命是做某事6. blast off v. 立地升空 发射点火起飞（无被动语态 blast off for space 飞入太空 Eg: The rocket will _ in several seconds A. blast off B. blasted off C. be blast off7. board v. 登上（飞机 轮船等）用板铺 1）board the train(plane ship) 登上火车/飞机/轮船 = get on the train/plane/ship2）board the floor 铺地板 3) board the rocket Shenzhou-5 登上神州五号8. army n. 陆军 军队 1）in the army 在军队里 2）join the army 参军 Eg: 军队里的男人和女人必须努力训练 Man and women _ _ _ must _ _Eg: How long have you been a soldier? I _the army five years ago.A. joined in B. have been in C. joined在完成时中，若出现段时间，把join the army转变成 be in the army 或be a member of the army. Eg: 我弟弟已经参军三年了 My brother has _ _ _ _ for three e true = realize = achieve 实现 取得（理想 梦想） ones dream come true = sb realize/achieve ones dream 某人实现了梦想Eg: My dream came true = _ _ my dream10. orbit n. 轨道 v.进入轨道 沿轨道飞行 orbit the earth = travel around the earth = circle the earth =go around the earth 绕着地球转二、课文理解 1.equal adj 相等的 同等的 v. 等于 比得上 equaled equalling 1) be equal in 在方面相当 be equal in sth = be of equal sth Eg:他们在年龄方面相当 They are _ _ age = they are _ _ _2) A be equal to B A等于B A相当B 3）主语+be equal to doing sth 主语能胜任做某事 主语经得起 equal the world record = tie the world record 平了世界记录2. 几组关于计量单位的词 Long adj length n. 长度 high adj height n. 高度 deep adj depth n. 深度Wide adj width n. 宽度 weigh v. 称重 称量 weight n. 重量 a unit of length 长度单位 how + adj is + 主语 = whats the +n. + of sth 某物的长/宽/高.是多少？Eg: 这棵树有多高 _ _ is the tree? = whats the _ _ the tree? what is the weight of sth = how much does sth weigh? 某物有多重？3. 主语+begin with sth 主语以开始某事 主语 +end with sth 主语以结束某事 Eg:昨天这位老师用一首英语歌曲开始她的课 The teacher _ her lesson _ _ English song yesterday. 在完成时中，如果出现段时间，用have been on 代替begin Eg: 电影已经开始一个小时了 The film has _ _ for an hour4. admire v. 钦佩 羡慕 admiration n. 钦佩 羡慕 1）admire heroes 钦佩英雄 2）admire sb for doing sth 因做某事而钦佩某人5. on TV 在电视上 通过电视 On/over the radio 在无线电上 通过无线电 On the telephone 6. dream v. n. 梦 梦想 做梦 1）dream a + adj + dream 做了一个梦 2)go to ones dream = fall asleep 进入梦乡 3）read a dream 解梦 4）dream away 混日子 虚度5）主语+dream of +doing sth = 主语 +have a dream of doing sth Eg: 每个人都 梦想当英雄 Everyone dreams _ _ a hero = Everyone has a _ _ a hero.7. 关于介词的使用总结： over through from to around for to in at like across by above1) through （从某一空间）透过 穿过 例如：穿过森林 小河流过村庄 透过窗户 通过 （通过网络 通宵达旦）Eg: The Songhua River runs _ Harbin They played cards _ the night Light comes in _ the window He ran _ the forest, but he wasnt tired2)over 在.正上方 跨越 覆盖 A bridge was built _ the river There is a light _ Li Ping They climbed _ the wall and escaped (逃跑)3）from 从 to 到 from A to B 从A 到B hear from sb = get/receive a lett