名词性从句7ppt课件.ppt

NounClauseEric 1 句子种类 简单句 5个 复合句 主句 引导词 从句 并列句 简单句 并列连词 简单句 定从 状从 名从 2 1 BothTomandHenryareChineseboys 2 Youhelphimandhehelpsyou 3 Whatwecandoishelpingthem 4 Ifmywishthatthedancerscangrowtallercomestrueoneday theywillnothavetostandontheirtoesallthetime Whatkindofsentencesarethey 简单句 复合句 复合句 并列句 3 NounClauses 名词性从句 SubjectClause 主语从句 AppositiveClause 同位语从句 ObjectClause 宾语从句 PredicativeClause 表语从句 4 Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting 主语是句子 宾语是句子 表语是句子 名词性从句的作用相当于名词 因此主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语 表语 宾语和同位语 同位语是句子 5 ConjunctionsofNounClauses 引导名词性从句的关联词 what 事情 who 谁 whom 谁 whose 谁的 which 哪 wh ever 无论任何 that whether if 是否 asif asthough when 何时 where 何地 how 如何 why 为什么 6 1 主语从句 主语从句就是从句在主句中作主语的名词性从句 1 Thatshelefthimhurtshimsomuch 2 Whetheritwillpleasethemisnoteasytosay 3 Whatweneedismorepractice 4 Whenwewillbeginthemeetingisunderdiscussion that 只起引导作用 不充当成分 但不能省略 whether是否 表不确定的事情 不能用If what在从句中作主语 When在从句中作状语 7 他是否要来 isnotyetknown 他想告诉我们什么 isnotclear 谁会赢得这场比赛 isstillunknown 你错过了这次机会 isapity Itis Exercise1 Whetherhewillcomeornot Whathewantstotellus Whowillwinthematch Thatyoumissedthechance apitythatyoumissedthechance 8 注意 由that引导的主语从句有时为了使句子结构平衡 避免 头重脚轻 常用it作形式主语 而把从句放在后面 例如 1 Thathewillrefusethispieceofadviceisimpossible 2 Thattheyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural it为形式主语 Itisnaturalthattheyshouldlikeeachother Itisimpossiblethathewillrefusethispieceofadvice 9 这样就构成了下面一些常用句型 1 Itis n 从句Itisapity shamethat 遗憾的是 Itisasurprisethat 令人惊奇的是 Itisafactthat 是事实Itiscommonknowledgethat 是常识 很遗憾 welostthematch 这是事实 hecheatedintheexam Itisapitythat Itisafactthat 10 2 Itis adj 从句It scertainthat 肯定 Itispossiblethat 很可能 Itisunlikelythat 不可能 Itisobviousthat 很明显 Itisnecessary important natural that 很可能 shewillcomebacktomorrow 很明显 thismeasureiseffective should do Itispossiblethat Itisobviousthat 11 3 It 不及物动词 从句Ithappenedthat 碰巧 Itoccurredtomethat 我突然想起 刚好 Icameintotheofficeatthattime 我突然想起 Iforgettosenttheletter Ithappenedthat Itoccurredtomethat 12 4 It be 过去分词 从句Itissaidthat 据说 Itisknowntoallthat 众所周知 Itisreportedthat 据报道 Itisbelievedthat 据信 人们相信 Itissuggestedthat should do 建议 Itmustbeadmittedthat 必须承认 Itcannotbedeniedthat 不可否认 Itmustbepointedoutthat 需指出的是 据报道 20peoplewerekilledintheaccident 建议 weshouldeatmorevegetableanddomoreexercise Itisreportedthat Itissuggestedthat 13 宾语从句 Wecanlearnwhatwedonotknow HewilltalktousaboutwhathesawintheU S A Idon tknowwherewewillholdthemeeting 语序 14 1 Idecided that Iwouldgototheparty 2 Idon tknowif whetherhewillcomebacktomorrow 3 Iwanttoknowhowithappened 4 Hewaslisteningtowhattheteachersaid 宾语从句就是从句在主句中作宾语的名词性从句 通常放在主句谓语动词 及物动词 或介词之后 2 宾语从句 15 1 我听说 hejoinedthearmy 2 我怀疑 hewillsucceed 3 Payattentionto 医生说些什么 4 Doyouknow 他什么时候会来 5 Didshesay 我们应该怎么做这个工作 Exercise2 Iheard that Idoubtwhether if whatthedoctorsaid whenhewillcome howweshoulddothework 16 Fillintheblankswithsuitableconjunctions 1 Canyoutellme themanis Heismybrother 2 Ididn tknow hewascominguntilyesterday 3 Thedoctorasks medicineyouhavetaken 4 Thisis theysolvedtheproblemsinthecity who when what how 17 5 Whatfrightenedusmostwas twolightssuddenlyappearedoutofthedarkness 6 Mymotherasked thematterwaswithme 7 ThereasonIdidn tcometothemeetingwas Igotill what that that 18 WethoughtitstrangethatXiaoWangdidnotcomeyesterday 2 Hehasmadeitclearthathewillnotgivein 注意 it常可以放在动词think find consider believe feel make等后作为形式宾语 真正的宾语 that从句则放在句尾 我们觉得很奇怪 shedidn tgotoschooltoday Wethinkitstrangethat 19 TranslatethesesentencesintoEnglishusingnounclauses 1 这是我们所想要的东西 Thisiswhatwewant 2 我认为你是对的 Ithinkyouareright 3 我想知道他是否能帮助我 I dliketoknowwhetherhecanhelpmeornot 20 4 天气不是昨天那样了 Theweatherisnotwhatitwasyesterday 5 问题是我们怎么能完成任务 Theproblemishowwecanfinishthetask 21 表语从句在句子中作表语 在系动词之后 Thequestioniswhetherwecancompletethedifficulttask Thefactisthatwewillhavetwodaysoff 22 常见的系动词分为三种 A 表示特征和状态 be look sound taste smell seem appear等 B 表示由一类状态转为另一类状态 get become grow turn fall go come run等 C 表示某种状态的 remain keep prove rest continue stay等 3 表语从句 表语从句就是从句在主句中作表语的名词性从句 放在系动词之后 23 1 Thetroubleis that Ihavelosthisaddress 2 Thequestioniswhethertheywillbeabletohelpus 3 Thatiswhathehasdone 4 Theproblemremainshowtogetsomefinancialsupport 表语从句 24 1 Thereasonwhyhewaslatewas hemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning 2 Thequestionis 我们是否能做好准备 insuchashorttime 3 WhatIwanttoknowis 我该买哪部词典 4 Thepointis 你什么时候可以完成 Exercise3 whetherwecanmakegood whenyoucanfinishit that whichdictionaryI preparation shouldbuy 25 4 同位语从句 同位语从句就是从句在句中作同位语的名词性从句 是对与其同位的名词作进一步解释 说明名词的具体内容 大多数同位语从句由从属连词that whether how when where why 引导 不能省略 常跟以下抽象名词后 fact news idea reason hope belief truth dream problem advice suggestion thought order doubt answer reply 26 1 Theyarefamiliarwiththeopinionthatallmatterconsistsofatoms 2 WheredidyougettheideathatIcouldnotcome 3 HeoftenasksmethisquestionwhenTomwillcomebackfromAmerican Appositiveclause同位语从句 27 1 Theidea computerswillrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople 2 Thepossibility themajorityofthelabourforcewillworkathomeisoftendiscussed 3 Ihavenoidea 他去了哪里 4 Theyarethinkingaboutthequestion 怎么能够赢得 thecompetition 5 Pleasetellusthetruth 谁为我们做的 that that howthey whodidthatforus wherehehasgone Exercise4 couldwin 28 1 Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegamewastrue 同位语从句 补充说明news到底是一个什么消息 that虽不作成分 但不能省略 2 Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdaywastrue 定语从句 起修饰作用 说明到底是哪一个消息 that在从句中作told的宾语 可以省略 注意 同位语从句与定语从句区别 29 判断 定语从句or同位语从句 1 Theorderthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroupswasreceivedyesterday 2 Theorderthatwereceivedyesterdaywasthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroups 3 ThenewsthathewillleaveforShanghaiistrue 4 Thenewsthatwegotlastweekistrue 5 Thequestionthatwediscussedyesterdayisadifficultone 定语从句 同位语从句 同位语从句 定语从句 定语从句 30 1 Thesuggestion that shehasputforwardisverygood 2 Thesuggestionthatwecleantheclassroombyturnsisverygood 注意 名词性从句与定语从句区别 名词性从句 定语从句 10 31 判断 名词性从句 定语从句 1 Thepossibilitythatyoureferredtodoesn texistatall 2 ThereisastrongpossibilitythatwemaybeinFranceforthenextweek 名词性从句 定语从句 10 32 1 IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek Thatis Ihadafewdaysoff Theprojectwasturndown Isthat welackmoney 3 Tomdidn tgotoschooltoday Thereasonwas hefellill 用that why because填空 that why because 20 33 注意1 that what的辨用 1 hewantsisabook 2 hewantstogothereisobvious 3 Weshouldpayattentionto theteacherissaying 4 Hetoldus hefeltill 5 Theresultis wewonthegame 6 Thisis wewanttoknow 7 Ihavenoidea hedidthatafternoon 8 Thefact sheworkshardiswellknowntousall What That what what what that that that Rules 1 that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分 只起连接作用2 what除起连接作用外 还在名词性从句中充当成分 可做从句的主语 宾语 或表语 34 注意2 whether与if的辨用 1 Whetheritistrueremainsaproblem 2 Itremainsaproblemwhether ifitistrue 3 Heaskedwhether ifMarywouldattendtheceremony 4 Itdependsonwhetherwehavegotenoughmoney 5 Thequestioniswhetheryoushouldacceptit 6 Thequestionwhetherhe llattendthemeetingisimportant 7 Ididn tknowwhethertolaughortocry 8 Idon tknowwhether ifitisrightornot Rules 1 在由形式主语it引导的主语从句及在vt动词后面的宾语从句中 表 是否 whether if都可以用 2 在前置主语从句 表语从句 同位语从句和跟在介词后面的宾语从句中 表 是否 只能用whether 3 在whether ornot和whethertodo中whether不能换成if 35 Practicetime if whether1 Iaskedher shehadabike 2 Idon tknow heiswellornot 3 wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather 4 Ithasn tbeendecided weshallattendthemeeting 5 We reworriedabout heissafe 6 Thequestionis heshoulddoit 7 Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion theoldmanwillrecoversoon 8 Idon tknow togoortostayathome whether if whether whether whether whether whether whether whether if 36 1 Idoubt hecanspeakEnglish 2 Idon tdoubt hecanspeakEnglish whether if that 10 37 Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary PS 名词性从句的语序用陈述语序 Correctornot Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary 10 38 Correctornot Whenthemeetingwillbeheldhaven tbeenknownyet Whenthemeetingwillbeheldhasn tbeenknownyet PS 主语从句的谓语用单数形式 10 39 Correctornot PS 由that引导的主语从句放在句首 that不能省略 Thathewillgiveuphisjobsurprisesallofus Hewillgiveuphisjobsurprisesallofus 10 40 Correctornot PS 在此宾语从句中 it充当形式宾语 真正的宾语为that从句 Ithinkitworthwhilethatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks Ithinkthatworthwhilethatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks 10 41 Ifwewillhaveameetinghasn tbeendecidedyet Correctornot Whetherwewillhaveameetinghasn tbeendecidedyet PS 放在名词性从句句首 表示 是否 只能用whether 不能用if 10 42 Correctornot PS 由reason做主语的表语从句只能用that来引导 Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathewascaughtinatrafficjam Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasbecausehewascaughtinatrafficjam 10 43 Correctornot PS 此主语从句缺少成分 宾语 故用作成分的what来引导 而不用that Whatshewantstoknowiswhenthepartywillbeheld Thatshewantstoknowiswhenthepartywillbeheld 10 44 Correctornot PS 同位语从句的that不能省略 HeexpressedhishopethathewouldvisitChinaagain HeexpressedhishopehewouldvisitChinaagain 10 45 Correctornot PS 注意虚拟语气在名词性从句中的使用 由demand order require insist suggest advise等引导的宾语从句 或由demand order suggestion等引导的表语从句和同位语从句 其谓语要用should do的形式 Itissuggestedthatweshouldputoff Itissuggestedthatwewouldputoffthesportsmeetingbecauseofthebadweather 10 46 Correctornot PS 注意虚拟语气在名词性从句中的使用 在Itisnecessary important natural that 句型中 从句的谓语要用should do的形式 Itisimportantthatweshouldfinishtheworkontime Itisimportantthatwewillfinishtheworkontime 10 47 1 DotheyspeakEnglish 一般疑问句 2 Wewanttoknow Jointwosentencesintoonenounclause Wewanttoknowif whethertheycanspeakEnglish 20 48 1 TwothirdsofallgirlsinBri